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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Ahtiainen, Juha", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "H\u00e4nninen, Henri", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2022-06-22T06:59:36Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2022-06-22T06:59:36Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2022", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/81948", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli selvitt\u00e4\u00e4 kahden viikon taitoharjoittelutauon vaikutus k\u00e4sinseisontataidon kehittymiseen 13 viikon harjoitteluintervention aikana asetelmassa, miss\u00e4 k\u00e4sinseisonnan fyysisi\u00e4 pohjaominaisuuksia yll\u00e4pidet\u00e4\u00e4n 2 viikon mittaisen taitoharjoittelutauon aikana. Vaikka sek\u00e4 taitoharjoittelua ett\u00e4 fyysisen harjoittelun periodisointia on tutkittu, juuri fyysisesti vaativan taitoharjoittelun periodisoinnista ei vaikuta olevan aiempaa tutkimusta. Pyrkimyksen\u00e4 oli selvitt\u00e4\u00e4, kantaako loogisesti suunnitellun taitoharjoittelujakson vaikutus tauon yli, jos voimatasojen ei anneta pudota sen aikana.\n\nFyysisen harjoittelun periodisointiin liittyv\u00e4 tutkimusn\u00e4ytt\u00f6 on osoittanut periodisoidun harjoittelun olevan urheilusuorituskyvyn kannalta periodisoimatonta harjoittelua tuloksekkaampaa, ja juuri blokkiperiodisoinnin on osoitettu olevan yksi toimivimmista periodisointimalleista \u2013 ellei jopa toimivin. Taitoharjoittelun adaptaatioihin liittyv\u00e4n kirjallisuuden perusteella vaikuttaa todenn\u00e4k\u00f6iselt\u00e4, ett\u00e4 osa taitoharjoittelun hermostollisista adaptaatioista voi toimia blokkiperiodisoinnissa hy\u00f6dynnett\u00e4vien residuaalivaikutusten tavoin. Voiman tiedet\u00e4\u00e4n heikkenev\u00e4n nopeammin, joten taitoharjoitustauon aikana t\u00e4ytyy tehd\u00e4 yll\u00e4pit\u00e4v\u00e4\u00e4 voimaharjoittelua k\u00e4sinseisontaan liittyvien lihasryhmien osalta.\n\nKeskim\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4inen k\u00e4sinseisonnan tasapainoiluaika (n = 41) kehittyi 1,94 \u00b1 4,40 sekunnista 6,46 \u00b1 7,88 sekuntiin (p < 0,001), ja laadullinen k\u00e4sinseisonta-asento (asteikolla 1\u20133) kehittyi 0,80 \u00b1 0,95 arvosta lukemiin 1,56 \u00b1 0,59 (p < 0,001). Ryhmien v\u00e4lill\u00e4 ei ollut tilastollisesti merkitt\u00e4v\u00e4\u00e4 eroa tasapainoiluajan (p = 0,609) eik\u00e4 laadullisen kehityksen (p = 0,589) v\u00e4lill\u00e4. K\u00e4sinseisonnan tasapainoiluajan kehitys oli tilastollisesti merkitsev\u00e4\u00e4 (p < 0,001) jokaisella ryhm\u00e4ll\u00e4, ja k\u00e4sinseisonta-asennon laadun kehitys oli tilastollisesti merkitsev\u00e4\u00e4 harjoitustauon pit\u00e4neill\u00e4 ryhmill\u00e4 B ja C (p = 0,011 ja 0,001), mutta ei vain k\u00e4sinseisontaa harjoitelleella ryhm\u00e4ll\u00e4 A (p = 0,059). Harjoitustauolla ei ollut vaikutusta taitojen kehittymiseen miss\u00e4\u00e4n tutkimuksen vaiheessa, ja tauon ajoituksella oli merkityst\u00e4 vain keskimm\u00e4isen v\u00e4litestin kohdalla. Yl\u00e4vartalon punnerrusvoiman l\u00e4ht\u00f6taso korreloi tasapainoiluajan kehittymisen kanssa (r = 0,537, p = 0,021), mutta ei k\u00e4sinseisonta-asennon kehittymisen kanssa (r = -0,002, p = 0,503).\n\nTutkimuksen l\u00f6yd\u00f6kset vahvistivat hypoteesin, ett\u00e4 loogisesti periodisoitu taitoharjoittelujakso voi sis\u00e4lt\u00e4\u00e4 t\u00e4ysi\u00e4 taukoja spesifist\u00e4 taitoharjoittelusta, jos taitoon liittyvien fyysisten pohjaominaisuuksien ei anneta heikenty\u00e4 tauon aikana. Taitojen oppimiseen ja muistiin liittyv\u00e4n kirjallisuuden perusteella vaikuttaa silt\u00e4, ett\u00e4 oppimiseen liittyv\u00e4t hermostolliset muutokset ovat verrattain pysyvi\u00e4, mik\u00e4 selitt\u00e4isi t\u00e4m\u00e4n tutkimuksen tulokset. Vuoden 2021 covid-rajoitusten vuoksi t\u00e4ss\u00e4 tutkimuksessa ei kuitenkaan tehty laboratoriomittauksia, joten havaittujen suorituskyvyllisten tekij\u00f6iden taustamekanismeista ei t\u00e4m\u00e4n perusteella voida sanoa paljoa. Tulokset ovat kuitenkin lupaavia, ja tarkempaa mekanismeihin syventyv\u00e4\u00e4 tutkimusta tarvitaan.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "The purpose of the present study is to examine the effects of a planned 2-week skill training break on skill acquisition during a 13-week intervention study on periodized handstand skill training in a setting, where the key prerequisite physical attributes are maintained during the skill-training break. The study set out to test whether a properly executed accumulation phase carries residual effects spanning over a 2-week period of zero handstand skill training, provided that the prerequisite strength is maintained during the break. Periodization of physically demanding motor skills has not been studied.\n\nEvidence on periodization for sports performance has shown periodized training to be superior to non-periodized training, and block periodization has been demonstrated to be among the best periodization models. Literature on neural adaptations behind motor skill learning suggests that provided the skill is acquired to a high-enough level utilizing effective methodologies, the time-course of skill-training adaptations allows for periods of non-use without detrimental effects on performance. While skills have been shown to be relatively permanent under some circumstances, strength has been shown to decay with time. Therefore, successful periodization of physically demanding motor skill training requires maintenance of those physical prerequisites that have been shown to decay faster.\n\nThe average handstand balancing time across all groups (n = 41) went from 1.94 \u00b1 4.40 seconds to 6.46 \u00b1 7.88 seconds (p < 0.001) and the qualitative handstand form (on a scale of 1\u20133) went from 0.80 \u00b1 0.95 to 1.56 \u00b1 0.59 (p < 0.001), with no statistically significant between-group differences in balancing time (p = 0.609) or handstand form (p = 0.589). Progress in handstand balancing time between pre- and post-measurements was statistically significant for all groups, and qualitative progress in handstand form across the intervention was statistically significant for groups B (p = 0.011) and C (p = 0.001), but not for group A (p = 0.059). Comparison between handstand-only group (A) and skill-training break groups (B+C) showed no statistically significant differences associated with the presence of the skill-training break, and comparison between groups B and C showed a statistically significant difference at the 2nd mid-measurement, but not in any other point of the intervention. Initial upper body pushing strength correlated with progress in handstand balancing time (r = 0.537, p = 0.021), but not in handstand form (r = -0.002, p = 0.503).\n\nMain findings of the present study confirmed all hypotheses without surprises, suggesting that a logically designed periodization plan for skill acquisition can include total breaks from specific skill-training, provided that the physical prerequisites with higher decay rate are maintained or trained during the skill-training break. Literature on skill acquisition and retention suggests that certain neural adaptations are more resilient to decay over time, and the findings of the present study line up with this notion. However, due to covid-related restrictions no laboratory measurements were performed, thus limiting the ability to speculate on the underlying neural mechanisms. The results are promising, and further study on the subject is both warranted and needed.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by Miia Hakanen (mihakane@jyu.fi) on 2022-06-22T06:59:36Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 0", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2022-06-22T06:59:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0\n Previous issue date: 2022", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "61", "language": "", "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "eng", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "periodization", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "block periodization", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "retention", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Periodizing skill-training : the effect of a planned skill-training break on handstand skill acquisition", "language": "", "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202206223554", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Liikuntatieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Liikunta- ja terveystieteet", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Sport and Health Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Valmennus- ja testausoppi", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Science in Sport Coaching and Fitness Testing", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.funding", "value": "0", "language": "", "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "funding", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "openAccess", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.oppiainekoodi", "value": "5013", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "oppiainekoodi", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "harjoittelu", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "liikunta", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "taidot", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "motorinen kehitys", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "k\u00e4sinseisonta", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "hankinta", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "oppiminen", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "training", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "physical training", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "skills", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "development of motor skills", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "handstands", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "acquisition", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "learning", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.content", "value": "fulltext", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "content", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": "https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "url", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.okm", "value": "G2", "language": null, "element": "type", 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