In vitro glycoengineering of a monoclonal antibody produced in insect cells

Sugar modifications, in particular, N-glycans, largely determine protein quality, functionality, and, in case of therapeutic biomolecules, safety. Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) generate immune response through effector functions, for which they require complex N-glycans with high levels o...

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Main Author: Zhurina, Anastasiia
Other Authors: Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta, Faculty of Sciences, Bio- ja ympäristötieteiden laitos, Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Jyväskylän yliopisto, University of Jyväskylä
Format: Master's thesis
Language:eng
Published: 2024
Subjects:
Online Access: https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/96162
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author Zhurina, Anastasiia
author2 Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta Faculty of Sciences Bio- ja ympäristötieteiden laitos Department of Biological and Environmental Science Jyväskylän yliopisto University of Jyväskylä
author_facet Zhurina, Anastasiia Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta Faculty of Sciences Bio- ja ympäristötieteiden laitos Department of Biological and Environmental Science Jyväskylän yliopisto University of Jyväskylä Zhurina, Anastasiia Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta Faculty of Sciences Bio- ja ympäristötieteiden laitos Department of Biological and Environmental Science Jyväskylän yliopisto University of Jyväskylä
author_sort Zhurina, Anastasiia
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description Sugar modifications, in particular, N-glycans, largely determine protein quality, functionality, and, in case of therapeutic biomolecules, safety. Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) generate immune response through effector functions, for which they require complex N-glycans with high levels of galactose, sialic acids, and lack of core fucose, often unachievable in commercial production yielding suboptimal and heterogenous glycosylation pattern. Current glycoengineering strategies successfully tailor N-glycan composition on mAbs, yet fail to improve glycoprofile homogeneity. In this work, a recently developed cell-free in vitro glycoengineering approach was evaluated for generation of homogenous fully galactosylated N-glycoforms on therapeutic effector antibody Rituximab, characterized by low levels of galactose and glycan homogeneity in the originally marketed product. With an aim of targeting commercial mAbs, an industry-oriented protein production and glycoengineering strategy was designed on the basis of Lepidopteran insect cells. Rituximab was expressed in baculovirus-infected HighFive™ cells to obtain highly uniform starting N-glycoprofile, which was sequentially modified by recombinant human β-1,2 N-acetylglucosamintransferases I and II (MGAT1ΔTM and MGAT2ΔTM), and β-1,4-galactosyltransferase (GalTΔTM). The enzymatic cascade remodelled simple insect cell oligosaccharides on protein A-immobilized mAb species into complex human-like structures with a near 100% conversion rate. Recombinant enzyme production was tested in HighFive™ host, for which a functional expression protocol was developed, and a promising purification approach incorporating solubilizers was proposed. Production of Rituximab in HighFive™ cells was challenged by poor mAb assembly despite optimization of cell culture conditions. The results indicated a need for significant effort in improving insect cell-based protein production strategy to achieve higher enzyme and antibody yields. With suggested directions for further research, assessed in vitro glycoengineering platform can become an effective toolbox for generating high-efficacy therapeutic mAbs in industrial settings.
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Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) generate immune response through effector functions, for which they require complex N-glycans with high levels of galactose, sialic acids, and lack of core fucose, often unachievable in commercial production yielding suboptimal and heterogenous glycosylation pattern. Current glycoengineering strategies successfully tailor N-glycan composition on mAbs, yet fail to improve glycoprofile homogeneity. In this work, a recently developed cell-free in vitro glycoengineering approach was evaluated for generation of homogenous fully galactosylated N-glycoforms on therapeutic effector antibody Rituximab, characterized by low levels of galactose and glycan homogeneity in the originally marketed product. With an aim of targeting commercial mAbs, an industry-oriented protein production and glycoengineering strategy was designed on the basis of Lepidopteran insect cells. 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spellingShingle Zhurina, Anastasiia In vitro glycoengineering of a monoclonal antibody produced in insect cells effector functions glycoengineering homogenous glycoprofile Lepidopteran insect cells monoclonal antibody Solu- ja molekyylibiologia Cell and molecular biology 4013
title In vitro glycoengineering of a monoclonal antibody produced in insect cells
title_full In vitro glycoengineering of a monoclonal antibody produced in insect cells
title_fullStr In vitro glycoengineering of a monoclonal antibody produced in insect cells In vitro glycoengineering of a monoclonal antibody produced in insect cells
title_full_unstemmed In vitro glycoengineering of a monoclonal antibody produced in insect cells In vitro glycoengineering of a monoclonal antibody produced in insect cells
title_short In vitro glycoengineering of a monoclonal antibody produced in insect cells
title_sort in vitro glycoengineering of a monoclonal antibody produced in insect cells
title_txtP In vitro glycoengineering of a monoclonal antibody produced in insect cells
topic effector functions glycoengineering homogenous glycoprofile Lepidopteran insect cells monoclonal antibody Solu- ja molekyylibiologia Cell and molecular biology 4013
topic_facet 4013 Cell and molecular biology Lepidopteran insect cells Solu- ja molekyylibiologia effector functions glycoengineering homogenous glycoprofile monoclonal antibody
url https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/96162 http://www.urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202406265006
work_keys_str_mv AT zhurinaanastasiia invitroglycoengineeringofamonoclonalantibodyproducedininsectcells