“This was terrorism.” multimodal representation of the Capitol Hill invasion on January 6th, 2021, in Tumblr posts

Donald Trumpin kannattajien tunkeutuminen Yhdysvaltain kongressitaloon tammikuun kuudentena päivänä 2021 herätti runsaasti huomiota niin perinteisessä kuin sosiaalisessa mediassakin. Yksi sosiaalisen median sovelluksista, joilla tapahtumaa kommentoitiin, oli mikrobloggaussovellus Tumblr. Tämän tutki...

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Main Author: Partanen, Liisa
Other Authors: Humanistis-yhteiskuntatieteellinen tiedekunta, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Kieli- ja viestintätieteiden laitos, Department of Language and Communication Studies, Jyväskylän yliopisto, University of Jyväskylä
Format: Master's thesis
Language:eng
Published: 2023
Subjects:
Online Access: https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/92477
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author Partanen, Liisa
author2 Humanistis-yhteiskuntatieteellinen tiedekunta Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences Kieli- ja viestintätieteiden laitos Department of Language and Communication Studies Jyväskylän yliopisto University of Jyväskylä
author_facet Partanen, Liisa Humanistis-yhteiskuntatieteellinen tiedekunta Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences Kieli- ja viestintätieteiden laitos Department of Language and Communication Studies Jyväskylän yliopisto University of Jyväskylä Partanen, Liisa Humanistis-yhteiskuntatieteellinen tiedekunta Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences Kieli- ja viestintätieteiden laitos Department of Language and Communication Studies Jyväskylän yliopisto University of Jyväskylä
author_sort Partanen, Liisa
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description Donald Trumpin kannattajien tunkeutuminen Yhdysvaltain kongressitaloon tammikuun kuudentena päivänä 2021 herätti runsaasti huomiota niin perinteisessä kuin sosiaalisessa mediassakin. Yksi sosiaalisen median sovelluksista, joilla tapahtumaa kommentoitiin, oli mikrobloggaussovellus Tumblr. Tämän tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli selvittää multimodaalisen kriittisen diskurssianalyysin keinoin, kuinka kongressihyökkäystä representoitiin 42:ssa Tumblr-julkaisussa. Lisäksi tutkin, kuinka kongressihyökkäyksestä tuotetiin multimodaalisia representaatioita yhdistelemällä kirjoitettua kieltä kahden visuaalisen kommunikaation moodin, kuvien ja animoitujen GIF:ien kanssa. Tähän sisältyi moodien roolien tutkimista sekä yhdessä että erikseen. Tutkimuksessa selvisi, että 98 % julkaisuista esitti kongressihyökkäyksen negatiivisessa valossa. Trumpin väitteet vaalivilpistä koettiin aineistossa perättömiksi ja demokratian vastaisiksi. Hänen kannattajiaan kutsuttiin terroristeiksi ja uusnatseiksi. Tapaus rinnastettiin aineistossa myös voimakkaasti Black Lives Matter –liikkeeseen; ja sekä Capitol-kukkulan poliiseja että Trumpin kannattajia syytettiin rasismista. Mitä tulee aineistossa käytettyjen kommunikaation moodien rooleihin, kirjoitetun kielen osalta merkittävin oli verkkoaktivismi, jota esiintyi 90 %:ssa julkaisuista. Visuaalisten moodien yleisin käyttötarkoitus oli verkkoalustojen välisten intertekstuaalisten viittausten välittäminen, jota esiintyi 43 %:ssa aineistosta. Kirjoitetun kielen ja visuaalisten moodien välisestä suhteesta paljastui, että vaikka kuvat ja GIF:it olivat yleensä julkaisujen katseenvangitsijoita, niiden sisältämät viittaukset kongressihyökkäykseen ja muihin aiheisiin olivat epämääräisempiä kuin kirjoitetun kielen kautta välitetyt. Kiinnostava ero kirjoitetun kielen ja visuaalisten moodien välillä oli, että yhteydet kongressihyökkäyksen ja BLM-liikkeen välillä välittyivät pääosin kirjoitetun kielen kautta. Verkkoaktivismin ja tyypillisesti Yhdysvaltain poliittisen vasemmiston ajamien teemojen yleisyys aineistossa korreloi positiivisesti aiempien Tumblria koskevien tutkimusten kanssa. Tämän tutkimuksen jatkoksi olisi hyvä saada vertailevia tutkimuksia muista sosiaalisista medioista, kuten X:stä tai TikTokista. Näissä tutkimuksissa analyysin multimodaalisuutta voitaisiin myös lisätä ottamalla mukaan myös videoaineistoja. The attack on the US Capitol building by Donald Trump’s supporters on January 6, 2021, attracted plenty of attention on both traditional and social media. One of the social media platforms hosting discourse on the event was the microblogging service Tumblr. The purpose of this study was to find out how the Capitol Breach was represented in 42 Tumblr posts via a Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis. Moreover, I studied how written language was combined with two visual modes of communication, still images and animated GIFs, to create multimodal representations of the event. This entailed studying the roles of the modes both together and separately. The study yielded the following results: In 98 % of the posts, the Capitol breach was represented in a negative light. In the data, Trump’s claims of election fraud were deemed as unfounded and anti-democratic, and his supporters were called terrorists and neo-Nazis. The event was also strongly juxtaposed with the Black Lives Matter movement, and both the Capitol Hill Police and Trump’s supporters were accused of racism. Regarding the roles of the modes of communication present in the data, for written language, the most prominent was Web Activism, which could be found in 90 % of the posts. For the visual modes, the most common purpose was conveying intertextual references between different online platforms, which had a 43 % presence in the data. The relationship between written language and the two visual modes turned out to be such that while the still images and the GIFs were typically the most salient elements in the posts, they did not contain as explicit references to the Capitol breach and other issues as written language. An interesting difference between the written language and the visual modes was that the references to the BLM movement were made mainly via written language. The significant presences of Web Activism and themes typically promoted by the American political left in the data correlate positively with earlier research on Tumblr. Further research on other social media platforms, such as X or TikTok, would be needed to complement the findings of this study. In further studies, the multimodal scope of the analyses could also be expanded to include video data.
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spellingShingle Partanen, Liisa “This was terrorism.” : multimodal representation of the Capitol Hill invasion on January 6th, 2021, in Tumblr posts kriittinen diskurssianalyysi multimodaalinen kriittinen diskurssianalyysi Donald Trump Yhdysvaltain politiikka Yhdysvaltain kongressihyökkäys kirjoitettu kieli Critical Discourse Analysis Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis US Politics the Capitol breach written language still images Englannin kieli English 301 kuvat diskurssianalyysi englannin kieli multimodaalisuus sosiaalinen media GIF pictures discourse analysis English language multimodality social media
title “This was terrorism.” : multimodal representation of the Capitol Hill invasion on January 6th, 2021, in Tumblr posts
title_full “This was terrorism.” : multimodal representation of the Capitol Hill invasion on January 6th, 2021, in Tumblr posts
title_fullStr “This was terrorism.” : multimodal representation of the Capitol Hill invasion on January 6th, 2021, in Tumblr posts “This was terrorism.” : multimodal representation of the Capitol Hill invasion on January 6th, 2021, in Tumblr posts
title_full_unstemmed “This was terrorism.” : multimodal representation of the Capitol Hill invasion on January 6th, 2021, in Tumblr posts “This was terrorism.” : multimodal representation of the Capitol Hill invasion on January 6th, 2021, in Tumblr posts
title_short “This was terrorism.”
title_sort this was terrorism multimodal representation of the capitol hill invasion on january 6th 2021 in tumblr posts
title_sub multimodal representation of the Capitol Hill invasion on January 6th, 2021, in Tumblr posts
title_txtP “This was terrorism.” : multimodal representation of the Capitol Hill invasion on January 6th, 2021, in Tumblr posts
topic kriittinen diskurssianalyysi multimodaalinen kriittinen diskurssianalyysi Donald Trump Yhdysvaltain politiikka Yhdysvaltain kongressihyökkäys kirjoitettu kieli Critical Discourse Analysis Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis US Politics the Capitol breach written language still images Englannin kieli English 301 kuvat diskurssianalyysi englannin kieli multimodaalisuus sosiaalinen media GIF pictures discourse analysis English language multimodality social media
topic_facet 301 Critical Discourse Analysis Donald Trump Englannin kieli English English language GIF Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis US Politics Yhdysvaltain kongressihyökkäys Yhdysvaltain politiikka discourse analysis diskurssianalyysi englannin kieli kirjoitettu kieli kriittinen diskurssianalyysi kuvat multimodaalinen kriittinen diskurssianalyysi multimodaalisuus multimodality pictures social media sosiaalinen media still images the Capitol breach written language
url https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/92477 http://www.urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202312228471
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