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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Toivanen, Juhana", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Pajunen, John", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "R\u00e4is\u00e4nen, Ilmari", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2023-06-13T05:01:19Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2023-06-13T05:01:19Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2023", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/87656", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Pertti Saariluoma on kolmessa artikkelissaan ottanut osaa tosiasioiden ja arvojen v\u00e4list\u00e4 suhdetta koskevaan keskusteluun. H\u00e4n kannattaa naturalismia, jonka mukaan eettiset argumentit on oikeutettavissa vain tosiasioihin vetoamalla. Kritisoidessaan Humea paikkaansa pit\u00e4m\u00e4tt\u00f6miksi osoittautuneiden k\u00e4sitysten kannattamisesta kognitioiden ja emootioiden v\u00e4lisen suhteen osalta, Saariluoma etenee Humen giljotiinin kumoamiseen. T\u00e4m\u00e4 tutkimus tarjoaa rakentavaa kritiikki\u00e4 analyyttisilla argumenteilla Saariluoman panostusta koskien. Yli 250 vuoden mittaisen tosiasioiden ja arvojen v\u00e4list\u00e4 suhdetta k\u00e4sittelev\u00e4n v\u00e4ittelyn aikana, monia olennaisia puolustuspuheenvuoroja on esitetty Humen giljotiinille, jonka mukaan pelkist\u00e4 tosiasioista ei voi johtaa arvoja. Esitt\u00e4ess\u00e4ni rakentavaa kritiikki\u00e4 Saariluoman naturalistiseen panokseen, pyrin kohtaamaan Mooren ja Haren kritiikin. Mooren mukaan faktojen ja arvojen k\u00e4sittely edellytt\u00e4\u00e4 meit\u00e4 ottamaan aika huomioon naturalistisen j\u00e4rkeilyn yhteydess\u00e4. My\u00f6s Deweyn naturalistisessa panostuksessa edellytet\u00e4\u00e4n j\u00e4rkeilyn ajallisuuden huomioiminen tosiasioiden ja arvojen v\u00e4lisen suhteen ymm\u00e4rt\u00e4miseksi. Hare vaatii meilt\u00e4 valinnan huomioimista. Ajallisuuden ja valinnan analysoimisella yhdess\u00e4, t\u00e4m\u00e4 tutkimus t\u00e4ht\u00e4\u00e4 tosiasioita ja arvoja koskevan kysymyksen ymm\u00e4rt\u00e4miseen ja ratkaisemiseen uudella tavalla. Keskeinen osa ratkaisua on Austinin ja Searlen kehitt\u00e4m\u00e4 puheakti teoria. He eiv\u00e4t tiedostaneet miten (ep\u00e4p\u00e4tevien) eettisten argumenttien esitt\u00e4minen voi sellaisenaan olla moraalisesti v\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4ksi kategorisoitavissa olevan puheaktin tekemist\u00e4. Etiikkaa ei voi harjoittaa siten, ett\u00e4 sen harjoittaminen itsess\u00e4\u00e4n sis\u00e4lt\u00e4\u00e4 tekoja, jotka aiheuttavat tarpeetonta k\u00e4rsimyst\u00e4. T\u00e4m\u00e4 selitt\u00e4\u00e4 tosiasioiden ja arvojen jyrk\u00e4n erottamisen toisistaan, ja koska tarpeeton k\u00e4rsimys on v\u00e4ltett\u00e4viss\u00e4 etiikkaa harjoittaessa, ei j\u00e4\u00e4 muita syit\u00e4 Humen giljotiinin kannattamiseen.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Pertti Saariluoma has contributed to the \u201cis/ought\u201d -discussion with three articles. His contribution is naturalistic: ethical arguments can be justified by facts alone. While criticizing Hume for his outdated view of the relationship between emotions and cognitions, Saariluoma proceeds in overcoming Hume\u2019s guillotine. This study provides constructive criticism through analytical arguments for Saariluoma\u2019s con-tribution. During more than 250 years old debate about the relationship between facts and values, many important contributions have been made to defending Hume\u2019s guillotine which states that values cannot be derived from facts alone. In my constructive criticism of Saariluoma\u2019s naturalistic contribution, I aim to face criticism made by Moore and Hare. According to Moore, the \u201cis/ought\u201d -question requires us to take time into account in the context of naturalistic reasoning. Also in Dewey\u2019s naturalistic contribution, the temporality of reasoning is a necessary part of understanding the relationship between facts and values. Hare demands we take choices into account. By analyzing temporality and choice together, this study aims to provide a new understanding of the \u201cis/ought\u201d -question and a new solution for it. A crucial part of the solution is Austin\u2019s and Searle\u2019s speech act theory. They did not recognize how (invalid) ethical arguments can by themselves produce speech acts that can be categorized as morally wrong. Ethics cannot be practiced if the practice itself includes acts that produce unnecessary pain. This is the reason for holding on to the distinction between facts and values, and since unnecessary pain by ethical practices can be avoided, there are no more reasons for holding on to Hume\u2019s guillotine.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by Paivi Vuorio (paelvuor@jyu.fi) on 2023-06-13T05:01:19Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 0", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2023-06-13T05:01:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0\n Previous issue date: 2023", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "87", "language": "", "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "eng", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "is/ought -question", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "Hume\u2019s guillotine", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "foundationalism", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Temporality & choice for answering is/ought -question : constructive criticism of Saariluoma's attempt to overcome Hume's guillotine", "language": "", "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202306133724", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Humanistis-yhteiskuntatieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", 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