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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Holmila, Antero", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Ihalainen, Pasi", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Vesala, Esa", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2021-06-15T09:25:14Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2021-06-15T09:25:14Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2021", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/76553", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Pro gradu tutkielmani on keskittynyt vuoden 1935 diplomaattiseen konferenssiin Stresan kaupungissa, pohjoisessa Italiassa ja seurannut miten t\u00e4m\u00e4 tapaaminen Yhdistyneen Kuningaskunnan, Ranskan ja Italian edustajien v\u00e4lill\u00e4 muovasi sotien v\u00e4lisen Euroopan diplomaattisia suhteita. T\u00e4m\u00e4n tapaamisen p\u00e4\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4 oli muodostaa n\u00e4iden valtioiden v\u00e4linen yhteinen politiikka Saksaa vastaan, johtuen Saksan valtiollisen johdon p\u00e4\u00e4t\u00f6ksest\u00e4 perustaa Saksalle itsen\u00e4inen ilma-ase. T\u00e4m\u00e4 p\u00e4\u00e4t\u00f6s rikkoi vuoden 1919 Versaillesin rauhansopimusta ja aiheutti suurta huolta Euroopassa. Tutkimukseni p\u00e4\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4 on ollut tarkastella kehityst\u00e4 joka seurasi t\u00e4t\u00e4 ja tarkastella niit\u00e4 toimia, mihin n\u00e4m\u00e4 kolme valtiota ryhtyi pyrkimyksess\u00e4\u00e4n vastustaa Saksan alueellista laajentumista ja konfrontaationalista politiikka jota se harjoitti naapurivaltioiden, p\u00e4\u00e4siassa Liettuan ja Puolan osalta n\u00e4in\u00e4 vuosina.\n\nP\u00e4\u00e4asiallinen n\u00e4k\u00f6kanta t\u00e4m\u00e4n kehityksen puitteissa on, ett\u00e4 1935 Iso-Britannia, Ranska ja Italia olivat halukkaampia haastamaan Saksaa sen aluevaatimusten osalta verrattuna kehityst\u00e4 vuoden 1935 j\u00e4lkeen, jolloin my\u00f6ntyv\u00e4isyyspolitiikka korvasi t\u00e4m\u00e4n halukkuuden haastaa Saksaa ja lievent\u00e4\u00e4 sen vaikutusvaltaa Euroopassa. \nP\u00e4\u00e4asiallisena tutkimuksen metodina, olen tarkastellut monia sanomalehtil\u00e4hteit\u00e4 aiheesta kvalitatiivisen analyysin kautta, sek\u00e4 rakentanut argumenttiani aiemman tutkimuksen pohjalle. Metodina tutkimuksessani, olen k\u00e4ytt\u00e4nyt diskurssin ja toimittajien oman sosiaalisen toiminnan tarkastelua. Valitsin l\u00e4hteikseni keskusta-vasemmistolaiset julkaistu, The Manchester Guardian ja maanpaossa toimiva Saksan Sosiaalidemokraattisen Puolueen sanomalehden, Neuer Vorw\u00e4rtsin. \n\nN\u00e4iden l\u00e4hteiden kautta ja verraten niiden esitt\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4 aikalaiskuvaa aiempaan tutkimukseen, esit\u00e4n v\u00e4itteen. Toteuttamani tutkimuksen valossa, Stersan sopimus ja sen allekirjoittaneen kolmen valtion pyrkimys toteuttaa yhten\u00e4ist\u00e4 politiikkaa Saksan laajentumispyrkimyksi\u00e4 vastaan oli yksi konkreettisimmista metodista est\u00e4\u00e4 sota Euroopassa ja sen ep\u00e4onnistuminen loi tiet\u00e4 my\u00f6hemm\u00e4lle my\u00f6ntyv\u00e4isyyspolitiikalle. Olen esitt\u00e4nyt t\u00e4m\u00e4n kehityksen niin kuin se ilmeni l\u00e4hteiss\u00e4, tarkastellen varhaisia toiveita politiikan onnistumisesta, jatkuen kohti kolmen valtion perusteellisia eroja jotka alkoivat repi\u00e4 t\u00e4t\u00e4 yhteist\u00e4 politiikkaa hajalle jo muutama kuukausi sen solmimisen j\u00e4lkeen. T\u00e4t\u00e4 seurasi Britannian ja Ranskan hallitusten viimeiset yritykset uudistaa t\u00e4m\u00e4 saksalaisvastainen rintama. Tutkimusestani voidaan n\u00e4hd\u00e4, ett\u00e4 ajautuminen my\u00f6ntyv\u00e4isyyspolitiikkaan ei ollut yht\u00e4kkinen tai seurannut haluttomuutta haastaa Saksan Euroopan hegemoniaa. Sen sijaan esit\u00e4n, ett\u00e4 my\u00f6ntyv\u00e4isyys seurasi saksalaisvastaisen diplomatian ep\u00e4onnistumista. \n\nTutkielmani pohjalta voidaan v\u00e4itt\u00e4\u00e4, ett\u00e4 sotien v\u00e4linen Eurooppa ei vain seurannut Saksan kansallissosialistisen hallinnon aseistumista sivustakatsojana, vaan pyrki aktiivisesti haastamaan ja rajoittamaan Saksan vaikutusvallan levi\u00e4mist\u00e4. Muutos my\u00f6ntyv\u00e4isyyspolitiikkaan esitet\u00e4\u00e4n my\u00f6s brittil\u00e4is-saksalaisen laivastosopimuksen kautta, jossa yksi yhten\u00e4isyyspolitiikkaan sidonnainen valta tunnusti yksipuolisesti Saksan oikeuden uudelleenaseistautumiseen.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "The research of my thesis has been focused on the 1935 diplomatic conference at Stresa, in Northern Italy and observe how this meeting between the representatives of the United Kingdom, France and Italy shaped the diplomatic relations in interwar Europe. The goal of this meeting was to formulate a common policy against Germany in reaction to the founding of the German air force. This action, which reneged on the 1919 treaty of Versailles caused great worry in Europe. The aim of my research has been to examine developments that rose from this and examine what measures the tripartite powers adopted in opposition to the German aims of territorial expansion and confrontation with the neighbouring powers, mainly Lithuania and Poland in these early stages.\n\nThe paramount view presented in the context of these developments is, that in 1935 the Tripartite powers of the United Kingdom, France and Italy were much more willing to concretely challenge German aggression than after 1935 when the policy of appeasement replaced this willingness to both challenge and curtail German influence in concord with different associated powers. \n\nAs a method of research, I have examined multiple newspaper sources on the matter through qualitative analysis and further built my argument on the previously conducted research. As a method of research, I have employed methods of discourse analysis with the theory of social agency of the reporters in this. In addition, my choice of sources, The Manchester Guardian and the exiled German social-democratic newspaper, Neuer Vorw\u00e4rts are chosen as the main sources in this. \n\nIn lieu of these sources, reflected with the previous research on the matter, I present an argument. In light of the research I have conducted, the tripartite powers and their attempts to maintain a policy of common action against Germany were one of the most concrete ways in which German expansionism was challenged before the world war and that it was its failure that gave way to appeasement. \n\nI have presented the developments as they occurred, reflecting the early hopes of the success of the pact towards the foundational disagreements that had begun to tear the pact apart mere months after its formation. Accompanying this are presented the last attempts by the British and the French governments to reform this anti-German pact. From my research, it can be seen that the slide to appeasement was not sudden or found some unwillingness to challenge German plans for hegemony in Europe. Instead, the appeasement is presented as arising from the failure of the tripartite powers to uphold their policy of collaboration against Germany.\n\nFrom my thesis, it can be interpreted that interwar Europe was not simply following the rise of the Nazi regime with bated breath, but actively sought to contain and even challenge the spread of Nazi influence in the European continent. Shift to appeasement is also present in the form of the Anglo-German naval agreement, in which Germany's right to rearm was officially recognised by one of the tripartite powers, the United Kingdom.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by Paivi Vuorio (paelvuor@jyu.fi) on 2021-06-15T09:25:14Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 0", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-15T09:25:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0\n Previous issue date: 2021", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "79", "language": "", "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "eng", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "Stresan sopimus", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "Saksa", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "Italia", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "Yhdistynyt Kuningaskunta", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "Ranska", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "Stresa pact", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "Germany", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "Italy", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "the UK", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "France", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Before appeasement : Stresa Conference and the failure of the common security in Europe as reported by the Manchester Guardian and Neuer Vorw\u00e4rts in 1935", "language": "", "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Before appeasement : Stresa Conference and the failure of the common security in Europe as reported by the Manchester Guardian and Neuer Vorw\u00e4rts in 1935", "language": null, "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202106153754", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Humanistis-yhteiskuntatieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": 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