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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Reinikainen, Hanna", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Luoma-aho, Vilma", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Kalvi, Taru", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Knuutinen, Iina", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2021-05-20T06:46:54Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2021-05-20T06:46:54Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2021", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/75780", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "T\u00e4m\u00e4n tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli pyrki\u00e4 ymm\u00e4rt\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4n negatiivisen sitoutumisen roolia parasosiaalisissa suhteissa sosiaalisen median vaikuttajien ja seuraajien v\u00e4lisiss\u00e4 suhteissa. Tavoitteena oli l\u00f6yt\u00e4\u00e4 negatiivista sitoutumista aiheuttavia tekij\u00f6it\u00e4 eli triggereit\u00e4, tehd\u00e4 huomioita negatiivisten kokemusten merkityksest\u00e4 vaikuttaja-seuraajasuhteisiin ja ymm\u00e4rt\u00e4\u00e4, kuinka vaikuttajat suoriutuvat n\u00e4iss\u00e4 suhteissa vaaditusta emotionaalisesta ty\u00f6st\u00e4. Aiempi tutkimus parasosiaalisista suhteista on keskittynyt tarkastelemaan n\u00e4it\u00e4 suhteita seuraajien n\u00e4k\u00f6kulmasta, samalla kun tutkimus negatiivisesta sitoutumisesta on keskittynyt br\u00e4ndien ja organisaatioiden perspektiiviin. N\u00e4in ollen t\u00e4ss\u00e4 tutkimuksessa kiinnostus on suunnattu vaikuttajien kokemuksiin. \n\nT\u00e4m\u00e4 laadullinen monimenetelm\u00e4tutkimus koostuu kahdesta erillisest\u00e4 tutkimuksesta, joissa k\u00e4ytettiin kahta eri aineistoa. Esitutkimuksessa ker\u00e4ttiin ja k\u00e4siteltiin 82 aloituspostausta, jotka oli julkaistu anonyymiss\u00e4 sosiaalisen median alusta Jodelissa. Esitutkimuksen aineisto analysoitiin aineistol\u00e4ht\u00f6isesti laadullisen sis\u00e4ll\u00f6nanalyysin metodeja k\u00e4ytt\u00e4en. P\u00e4\u00e4tutkimusta varten toteutettiin kahdeksan puolistrukturoitua teemahaastattelua, joissa haastateltavina olivat suomalaiset sosiaalisen median vaikuttajat. Tutkimushaastatteluihin sovellettiin kriittisten tapahtumien menetelm\u00e4\u00e4. P\u00e4\u00e4tutkimuksen analyysi oli luonteltaan teoriaohjautuvaa. \n\nEsitutkimuksen tuloksissa tunnistettiin seitsem\u00e4n negatiivista sitoutumista aiheuttavaa triggeri\u00e4: mis- tai disinformaation levitt\u00e4minen, sis\u00e4lt\u00f6jen laatu, sanojen ja tekojen v\u00e4linen ristiriita, normien vastainen toiminta, ihmissuhteet, kaupalliset yhteisty\u00f6t sek\u00e4 ulkonak\u00f6 ja maneerit. N\u00e4ist\u00e4 kategorioista tunnistettiin kolme kattavampaa teemaa: vastuullisuus ja eettinen menettely, yksityisel\u00e4m\u00e4 sek\u00e4 sis\u00e4ll\u00f6ntuotanto. P\u00e4\u00e4tutkimuksen tuloksissa vaikuttajien negatiiviset kokemukset liittyiv\u00e4t usein yleis\u00f6n negatiivisiin reaktioihin, joita olivat synnytt\u00e4neet vaikuttajien k\u00e4yt\u00f6s tai sis\u00e4lt\u00f6. Lis\u00e4ksi eettiset ja arvoihin liittyv\u00e4t syyt nousivat selke\u00e4sti esiin.\n\nT\u00e4m\u00e4 tutkimus toimii l\u00e4ht\u00f6kohtana laajemmalle ymm\u00e4rrykselle negatiivista sitoutumista aiheuttavista tekij\u00f6ist\u00e4 ja siit\u00e4, kuinka yleis\u00f6t voivat vaikuttaa parasosiaalisiin suhteisiin negatiivisuuden kautta. Jatkotutkimusta kannustetaan keskittym\u00e4\u00e4n t\u00e4ss\u00e4 tutkimuksessa l\u00f6ydettyjen negatiivista sitoutumista aiheuttavien tekij\u00f6iden olemassaolon ja yleisyyden vahvistamiseen m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4llisin menetelmin. Lis\u00e4ksi m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4llisell\u00e4 tutkimuksella voitaisiin arvioida Hochschildin (2012) asenteiden pohjalta tehty\u00e4 jaottelua.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "The aim of this study was to understand the role of negative engagement in parasocial relationships between influencers and followers. The objective was to discover triggers of negative engagement, make observations about the impact that negative experiences have on the influencer-follower relationship and comprehend how emotional labor required in these relationships is managed by influencers. Previous research on parasocial relationships has focused mostly on studying them from the followers\u2019 perspective, while negative engagement research has concentrated on the perspectives of brands or organizations. Thus, the interest in this study has been directed on the influencers\u2019 experiences.\n\nThis qualitative and multi-method study consisted of two separate studies with different sets of data. In the preliminary study, 82 opening posts published on the anonymous social media platform Jodel were collected and analyzed with a content driven approach, using the methods of qualitative content analysis. In the main study, eight semi-structured thematic interviews with Finnish social media influencers were conducted, in which the critical incident technique was applied to. The analysis approach in the main study was theory-guided. \n\nThe preliminary study found seven triggers of negative engagement in anonymous social media discussions: dissemination of misinformation or disinformation, quality of content, conflict between words and actions, violation of social norms, relationships, paid collaborations, and physical appearance and mannerisms. From within these categories, three encompassing themes were identified: responsibility and ethical conduct, private life and content production. In the findings of the main study, the influencers\u2019 negative experiences were often connected to the audiences\u2019 negative reaction to their behavior or content. In addition, ethical and value related issues were prominent.\n\nThis study serves as a starting point for understanding negative engagement triggers and how audiences shape parasocial relationships through negative engagement. Future research should focus on confirming the existence and prevalence of the negative engagement triggers found in this study with a quantitative approach. Moreover, quantitative research should be conducted to assess the classification made in this study based on Hochschild\u2019s (2012) attitudes.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by Paivi Vuorio (paelvuor@jyu.fi) on 2021-05-20T06:46:54Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 0", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2021-05-20T06:46:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0\n Previous issue date: 2021", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "99", "language": "", "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "eng", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "negative engagement", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "parasocial interaction", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "parasocial relationships", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "social media influencers", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "emotional labor", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "Jodel", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "negatiivinen sitoutuminen", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "parasosiaalinen vuorovaikutus", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "parasosiaaliset suhteet", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "emotionaalinen ty\u00f6", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "sosiaalisen median vaikuttajat", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Negative engagement enforcing emotional labor in parasocial relationships between social media influencers and followers", "language": "", "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202105203042", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 University School of Business and Economics", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopiston kauppakorkeakoulu", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Taloustieteet", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Business and Economics", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Viestinn\u00e4n johtaminen", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Corporate Communication", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.funding", "value": "0", "language": "", "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "funding", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "openAccess", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.oppiainekoodi", "value": "2043", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "oppiainekoodi", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "vaikuttajamarkkinointi", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "sosiaalinen media", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "influencer marketing", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "social media", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.content", "value": "fulltext", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "content", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": "https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "url", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.okm", "value": "G2", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "okm", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.accessibilityfeature", "value": "unknown accessibility", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "accessibilityfeature", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.accessibilityfeature", "value": "ei tietoa saavutettavuudesta", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "accessibilityfeature", "schema": "dc"}]
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