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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Kyt\u00f6viita, Minna-Maarit", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Nevala, Jemina", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2016-12-20T08:38:21Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2016-12-20T08:38:21Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2016", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.other", "value": "oai:jykdok.linneanet.fi:1644763", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/52468", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Kasvit kilpailevat naapurikasviensa kanssa ravinteista ja tilasta, mik\u00e4 voi aiheuttaa resurssien allokoimisen biomassaan lis\u00e4\u00e4ntymisen asemasta. Klonaalisilla kasveilla kilpailua kloonin osien eli saman genotyypin kasvien kesken voidaan v\u00e4ltt\u00e4\u00e4 tunnistamalla oma genotyyppi vieraiden genotyyppien joukosta. T\u00e4ll\u00f6in resursseja voidaan k\u00e4ytt\u00e4\u00e4 kilpailun asemasta lis\u00e4\u00e4ntymiseen. Sienijuuri on kasvin ja sienen v\u00e4linen vuorovaikutussuhde, jossa kasvi saa sienelt\u00e4 ravinteita ja sieni saa kasvilta hiiliyhdisteit\u00e4. Sienijuuri voi my\u00f6s auttaa kasvia selviytym\u00e4\u00e4n esimerkiksi kuivuudesta. Lis\u00e4ksi sienijuuriverkosto yhdist\u00e4\u00e4 kasveja toisiinsa siirt\u00e4m\u00e4ll\u00e4 yhdisteit\u00e4 eri yksil\u00f6iden v\u00e4lill\u00e4. Oman genotyypin eli itsens\u00e4tunnistamiseen liittyv\u00e4t signaalit siirtyv\u00e4t usein juurien v\u00e4lityksell\u00e4 kasvista toiseen. Sienijuuren voidaan siis ajatella tehostavan my\u00f6s kasvien itsens\u00e4tunnistamista. T\u00e4ss\u00e4 pro gradu -tutkielmassa selvitin sienijuuren vaikutusta maahumalan (Glechoma hederacea) itsens\u00e4tunnistamiseen ja kuivuusstressin sietokykyyn. Tutkimuksessa maahumalan eri genotyyppej\u00e4 istutettiin kasvamaan joko yksin, oman genotyypin tai vieraan genotyypin kanssa. Puolelle kasveista suoritettiin kuivuuskoe, ja loput toimivat kuivuusk\u00e4sittelyn kontrolleina. Puolelle kuivuusk\u00e4sitellyist\u00e4 ja kuivuusk\u00e4sittelyn kontrollikasveista annettiin sienijuuri. Kasveista mitattiin biomassa, verso\u2013juuri-suhde, suhteellinen kasvunopeus, lehtiparien lukum\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4, rameettien lukum\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4, pisimm\u00e4n r\u00f6nsyn pituus, yhteytt\u00e4misnopeus ja ilmarakojen johtavuus. Tutkimuksessa kasvien v\u00e4lill\u00e4 havaittiin kilpailutilanne, mutta maahumalalla ei havaittu kyky\u00e4 tunnistaa oma genotyyppi vieraiden genotyyppien joukosta miss\u00e4\u00e4n tutkitussa tilanteessa. Sienijuurella oli negatiivinen vaikutus kasvien kokonaisbiomassaan, verson biomassaan, verson suhteelliseen kasvunopeuteen ja lehtiparien lukum\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4\u00e4n. Kuivuusk\u00e4sittely ei vaikuttanut mitattuihin muuttujiin. Maahumalan itsens\u00e4tunnistamiskyvyn puute voidaan selitt\u00e4\u00e4 sen tihe\u00e4ll\u00e4 kasvutavalla ja kilpailunv\u00e4ltt\u00e4misstrategialla. Sienijuurella voi t\u00e4ss\u00e4 tutkimuksessa olla negatiivinen vaikutus kasvin biomassaan, koska se mahdollisesti toimi hiiliyhdistenieluna. Negatiivinen vaikutus voi johtua my\u00f6s kasvualustan liiallisesta fosforipitoisuudesta, suuresta kolonisaatioasteesta tai k\u00e4ytetyst\u00e4 sienikannasta. Kuivuusk\u00e4sittelyll\u00e4 ei ollut vaikutusta eri k\u00e4sittelyiss\u00e4, koska mahdollisesti my\u00f6s kontrollikasvit kokivat kuivuusstressi\u00e4 kuumana kes\u00e4n\u00e4. Itsens\u00e4tunnistamiskyky ei n\u00e4yt\u00e4 olevan kaikkien klonaalisten kasvilajien ominaisuus, vaan vaihtoehtoisia tapoja v\u00e4ltt\u00e4\u00e4 kilpailua kloonien kesken on olemassa. Tutkimuksessa havaittu sienijuuren negatiivinen vaikutus maahumalan biomassaan vaatii lis\u00e4tutkimuksia.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Plants compete with neighbouring plants for resources and space, which can cause the allocation of resources into the biomass instead of reproduction of the plant. Clonal plants can avoid the competition between the parts of the same clone and genotype by distinguishing their own genotypes of alien genotypes. Thus, the resources can be used for reproduction instead of competition. Mycorrhiza is an interaction between a fungus and a plant in which plant receives nutrients from the fungus and gives carbon compounds to the fungus. Mycorrhiza can also assist the plant to manage with drought, among other things. The network of mycorrhizae connects different plants by transferring compounds between them. The signals involved in self-recognition of plants are often transferred through roots between different clones. Thus, mycorrhizae can be considered of enhancing the self-recognition in plants. In this master\u2019s thesis I studied the effect of mycorrhiza on self-recognition and drought tolerance of Glechoma hederacea. The different genotypes of G. hederacea were planted to grow either alone, with the same genotype, or with different genotype. Half of the plants received drought treatment, and the other half were treated as controls. In addition, half of the plants from both drought treatment and control plants were inoculated with mycorrhiza. Variables measured were biomass of the plants, shoot\u2013root ratio, relative growth rate, number of the leaf pairs, number of the ramets, the length of the longest runner, the rate of photosynthesis, and stomatal conductivity. Competition between plants was observed but no self-recognition ability in G. hederacea was found in any treatments studied. Mycorrhizae had negative effect on plant biomass, shoot biomass, the relative growth rate of the shoot, and the number of the leaf pairs. Drought treatment had no effect on any variables measured. The lack of self-recognition in G.hederacea can be explained by its dense growth habit and the tendency to avoid competition. Mycorrhiza can also function as a carbon sink which can cause the negative effects on plant biomass in this study. The negative effect can also be caused by a high concentration of phosphorus in soil, high mycorrhizal colonization density, or the fungal strain used. The lack of effect of drought treatment can also be due to the possible drought stress experienced by control plants during the hot summer. Self-recognition ability does not appear to be a characteristic in all clonal plant species, however, alternative ways to avoid competition between clones exists. The negative effect of mycorrhiza on biomass of G.hederacea observed in this study requires further investigation.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted using Plone Publishing form by Jemina Nevala (jemaneva) on 2016-12-20 08:38:21.119741. Form: Pro gradu -lomake (https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/julkaisut/julkaisulomakkeet/pro-gradu-lomake). JyX data: [jyx_publishing-allowed (fi) =False]", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by jyx lomake-julkaisija (jyx-julkaisija.group@korppi.jyu.fi) on 2016-12-20T08:38:21Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 2\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201612205184.pdf: 290644 bytes, checksum: 67a2e16334cdff7c27a0ea357f802898 (MD5)\nlicense.html: 1163 bytes, checksum: 280067ad77ed9d1c5886ecbbfbec9ac9 (MD5)", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-20T08:38:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201612205184.pdf: 290644 bytes, checksum: 67a2e16334cdff7c27a0ea357f802898 (MD5)\nlicense.html: 1163 bytes, checksum: 280067ad77ed9d1c5886ecbbfbec9ac9 (MD5)\n Previous issue date: 2016", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "1 verkkoaineisto (36 sivua)", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "fin", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "Glechoma hederacea", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "self-recognition", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "competition", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "mycorrhiza", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "drought stress", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Sienijuuren vaikutus maahumalan (Glechoma hederacea) itsens\u00e4tunnistamiseen ja kuivuusstressiin", "language": null, "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201612205184", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, 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Aineisto on luettavissa Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopiston kirjaston arkistoty\u00f6asemalta. Ks. https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/fi/tyoskentelytilat/laitteet-ja-tilat.", "language": "fi", "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accessrights", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accessrights", "value": "This material has a restricted access due to copyright reasons. It can be read at the workstation at Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 University Library reserved for the use of archival materials: https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/en/workspaces/facilities.", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accessrights", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.okm", "value": "G2", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "okm", "schema": "dc"}]
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