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[{"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Hiukka, Pirta", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2014-03-05T16:54:43Z", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2014-03-05T16:54:43Z", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2014", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.other", "value": "oai:jykdok.linneanet.fi:1310062", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/43046", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Pirta Hiukka (2014). 5.-9. luokkalaisten tytt\u00f6jen ja poikien v\u00e4liset erot tavoiteorientaatiossa ja kykyuskomuksissa ja niiden trendit. Liikuntakasvatuksen laitos, Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto, liikuntapedagogiikan pro gradu-tutkielma, 65 s., 3 liitett\u00e4.\r\nTutkimuksen tavoitteena oli arvioida 5-9-luokkalaisten nuorten motivaatiok\u00e4ytt\u00e4ytymist\u00e4 liikuntatunneilla ja erityisesti sit\u00e4, miten tyt\u00f6t ja pojat eroavat toisistaan itsearvioitujen teht\u00e4v\u00e4suuntautuneisuutensa, min\u00e4suuntautuneisuutensa ja kykyuskomustensa suhteen. Eroavaisuuksia n\u00e4iden muuttujien arvoissa tarkasteltiin my\u00f6s eri luokka-asteiden v\u00e4lill\u00e4 yleisesti kaikki oppilaat huomioiden sek\u00e4 molempien sukupuolten kohdalla erikseen. Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli my\u00f6s selvitt\u00e4\u00e4, miten vuoden 2010 ja 2011 teht\u00e4v\u00e4- ja min\u00e4suuntautuneisuus sek\u00e4 vuoden 2011 kykyuskomukset kytkeytyv\u00e4t toisiinsa molemmilla sukupuolilla. Lis\u00e4ksi yhten\u00e4 p\u00e4\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4n\u00e4 oli saada tietoa siit\u00e4, ett\u00e4 tapahtuiko teht\u00e4v\u00e4- ja min\u00e4suuntautuneisuudessa muutoksia vuosien 2010 ja 2011 v\u00e4lill\u00e4 tyt\u00f6ill\u00e4 ja pojilla ja ett\u00e4 onko sukupuoli yhteydess\u00e4 mahdollisesti ilmeneviin muutoksiin. \r\nTutkimuksen kohdejoukkona olivat kaikki Sotkamon peruskoulut, joista 11 olivat alakouluja ja yksi yl\u00e4koulu. Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli ker\u00e4t\u00e4 tietoja samoilta oppilailta vuoden v\u00e4lein, niin ett\u00e4 vuoden 2010 tutkimuksen kohdejoukko koostui 5-8-luokkalaisista oppilaista ja vuoden 2011 6-9-luokkalaisista. Vuonna 2010 tutkimukseen osallistui yhteens\u00e4 525 oppilasta (257 tytt\u00f6\u00e4, 228 poikaa) ja vuonna 2011 puolestaan 566 (299 tytt\u00f6\u00e4, 267 poikaa) oppilasta. Tutkielmani lopullisen otoksen muodostivat lopulta ne oppilaat, jotka ottivat tutkimukseen tunnistettavasti osaa molempina vuosina (n = 182; 102 tytt\u00f6\u00e4, 80 poikaa). Tavoiteorientaation mittaukseen k\u00e4ytettiin Perception of Success Questionnaire- mittarin (Roberts ym. 1998) suomenkielist\u00e4 versiota (Liukkonen 1998). Kykyuskomuksia tutkittiin Ecclesin ym. (1983) odotusarvoteorian pohjalta kehitetyll\u00e4 suomenkielisell\u00e4 mittarilla (Ylipiipari 2011). Itsearvioiden luotettavuutta tarkasteltiin Cronbachin alfakertoimilla, jotka vaihtelivat .86 ja .94 v\u00e4lill\u00e4. Tuloksia analysoitiin riippumattomien ja riippuvien otosten t-testien, yhdensuuntaisen varianssianalyysin, Pearsonin tulomomenttikorrelaation ja toistettujen mittausten MANOVA-testin avulla.\r\nTeht\u00e4v\u00e4suuntautuneisuudessa ei l\u00f6ytynyt eroa sukupuolten v\u00e4lill\u00e4, mutta sen sijaan tyt\u00f6t olivat selv\u00e4sti poikia min\u00e4suuntautuneempia molempina vuosina. Erityisesti vuonna 2011 9-luokkalaiset tyt\u00f6t olivat merkitt\u00e4v\u00e4sti samanik\u00e4isi\u00e4 poikia min\u00e4suuntautuneempia. Pojat antoivat tytt\u00f6j\u00e4 korkeampia kykyuskomusten arvoja itselleen kaikilla luokka-asteilla ja t\u00e4m\u00e4 tulos korostui 8- ja 9-luokkalaisten kohdalla. Oppilaiden teht\u00e4v\u00e4suuntautuneisuus oli my\u00f6nteisesti ja min\u00e4suuntautuneisuus kielteisesti yhteydess\u00e4 kykyuskomuksiin. Oppilaiden teht\u00e4v\u00e4- ja min\u00e4suuntautuneisuus korreloivat kesken\u00e4\u00e4n. Yleisesti ottaen min\u00e4suuntautuneisuus voimistui i\u00e4n my\u00f6t\u00e4. Sukupuoli huomioituna tytt\u00f6jen min\u00e4suuntautuneisuus ja poikien teht\u00e4v\u00e4suuntautuneisuus voimistuivat i\u00e4n my\u00f6t\u00e4.\r\nTulosten perusteella n\u00e4ytt\u00e4isi silt\u00e4, ett\u00e4 oppilaiden teht\u00e4v\u00e4suuntautuneisuutta pit\u00e4isi tukea liikuntatunneilla, sill\u00e4 teht\u00e4v\u00e4suuntautuneisuus korreloi positiivisesti kykyuskomusten kanssa. Sen sijaan oppilaiden min\u00e4suuntautuneisuutta vahvistavia opetusmenetelmi\u00e4 olisi syyt\u00e4 v\u00e4ltt\u00e4\u00e4 molempien sukupuolten kohdalla mutta erityisesti tytt\u00f6jen osalta. Tytt\u00f6jen kohdalla tulisi kiinnitt\u00e4\u00e4 erityist\u00e4 huomiota my\u00f6s kykyuskomusten my\u00f6nteiseen kehitt\u00e4miseen. Mit\u00e4 vanhemmista oppilaista on kyse, sit\u00e4 enemm\u00e4n edell\u00e4 mainittuihin osa-alueisiin tulisi opetuksessa panostaa.\r\n\r\nAvainsanat: tavoiteorientaatio, teht\u00e4v\u00e4suuntautuneisuus, min\u00e4suuntautuneisuus, odotusarvoteoria, kykyuskomukset.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Pirta Hiukka (2014). The differences between girls and boys of 5 to 9 grades in goal orientation and ability beliefs and trends of them. Department of Physical education, University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4, Master\u00b4s thesis, 65 pp., 3 appendicies.\r\nThe aim of this study was to evaluate motivation behavior of 5-9 graders pupils in physical education classes and particularly how girls and boys differ in task-orientation, ego-orientation and ability beliefs. The differences in values of these variables were also examined between different grades generally, compared between genders and individually on both sexes behalf. The aim of this study was also to define how task- and ego-orientation of the years 2010 and 2011 and ability beliefs of the year 2011 were associated with each others. Additionally one goal was to get inform if there were any changes in pupils` task- and ego-orientations during the years 2010 and 2011 and was the gender connected with changes.\r\nEvery comprehensive school of Sotkamo took apart of this study, exactly 11 primary schools and one lower secondary school. The aim of this study was to collect inform from same pupils during the time between both years in case that the sample of the year 2010 was 5-8 graders and of the year 2011 6-9 graders. In the year 2010 overall 525 pupils and in the year 2011 overall 566 pupils took apart of the study. In this study the final sample was finally consisted of those pupils who took apart identifiably in both years. Hereby the final sample was consisted by 182 pupils. The goal orientation was measured by the Finnish version (Liukkonen 1988) of Perception of Success Guestionnaire-indicator (Roberts et. all 1988). The ability beliefs were measured by the Finnish version (Ylipiipari 2011) of expectancy-value theory measurement (Eccles et. all 1983). In this study only three first questions of that measurement were considered. The internal consistency of measurements was analyzed by Cronbach\u00b4s alpha. The results were analyzed by independent and dependent samples t-test, one-way anova-test, Pearson product-moment correlation and repeated measures manova. \r\nThere were not found any changes in task-orientation between genders. Instead, girls were clearly more ego-orientated than boys in both years. Especially at the year 2011 9th grade girls were significantly more ego-oriented than coeval boys. Boys gave higher values of ability beliefs than girls and especially in the grade 8th and 9th. Task-orientation was positively associated with ability beliefs whereas ego-orientation was negatively. The values of task- and ego-orientation correlated in some cases. Generally, students\u00b4ego-orientation increased and when gender was taken into account girls ego-orientation and boys task-orientation strengthened between years 2010 and 2011.\r\nAccording to results, students task-orientation should be promoted in physical education. Instead, methods which strengthen students ego-orientation should be avoided on both genders behalf but particularly on girls behalf. Teachers should also play special attention to the positive development of girls ability beliefs in physical education. The older students are the more teachers should concentare on facts above. \r\nKey words: goal orientation, task- orientation, ego-orientation, expectancy-value theory, ability beliefs", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted using Plone Publishing form by Pirta Hiukka (pihahiuk) on 2014-03-05 16:54:42.634500. Form: Pro gradu -lomake (1 tekij\u00e4) (https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/julkaisut/julkaisulomakkeet/pro-gradu-lomake-1-tekijae). JyX data:", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by jyx lomake-julkaisija (jyx-julkaisija@noreply.fi) on 2014-03-05T16:54:43Z\r\nNo. of bitstreams: 2\r\nURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201403051317.doc: 315904 bytes, checksum: feec604ad683bbdf716184b83bace87a (MD5)\r\nlicense.html: 4947 bytes, checksum: a829eae423ac04e4d557558630688226 (MD5)", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2014-03-05T16:54:43Z (GMT). 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"dc.subject.other", "value": "teht\u00e4v\u00e4suuntautuneisuus", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "min\u00e4suuntautuneisuus", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "odotusarvoteoria", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "kykyuskomukset.", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "5.-9.-luokkalaisten tytt\u00f6jen ja poikien v\u00e4liset erot tavoiteorientaatiossa ja kykyuskomuksissa ja niiden trendit", "language": null, "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201403051317", "language": null, "element": 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