Effects of perilipin I & V on the phenotype of zebrafish embryos

Tämä Pro Gradu-tutkielma on tehty yhteistyössä Tampereen yliopiston Biolääketieteel- lisen teknologian yksikön kanssa. Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli selvittää perilipiinien vaikutusta seeprakalan fenotyyppiin käyttäen tutkimusmenetelminä geenien hiljentämistä ja mikroskopiaa. Geenit säätele...

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Main Author: Esko, Elina
Other Authors: Liikuntatieteellinen tiedekunta, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Liikuntabiologian laitos, Department of Biology of Physical Activity, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylän yliopisto
Format: Master's thesis
Language:eng
Published: 2012
Subjects:
Online Access: https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/40661
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author Esko, Elina
author2 Liikuntatieteellinen tiedekunta Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences Liikuntabiologian laitos Department of Biology of Physical Activity University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylän yliopisto
author_facet Esko, Elina Liikuntatieteellinen tiedekunta Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences Liikuntabiologian laitos Department of Biology of Physical Activity University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylän yliopisto Esko, Elina Liikuntatieteellinen tiedekunta Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences Liikuntabiologian laitos Department of Biology of Physical Activity University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylän yliopisto
author_sort Esko, Elina
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description Tämä Pro Gradu-tutkielma on tehty yhteistyössä Tampereen yliopiston Biolääketieteel- lisen teknologian yksikön kanssa. Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli selvittää perilipiinien vaikutusta seeprakalan fenotyyppiin käyttäen tutkimusmenetelminä geenien hiljentämistä ja mikroskopiaa. Geenit säätelevät proteiinien tuotantoa elimistössä. Jokaista proteiinia koodaa geeni, jonka toimintaan puuttumalla voidaan esimerkiksi estää kyseisen proteiinin muodos- tuminen. Morfoliinot ovat oligonukleotideja, joiden avulla voidaan tilapäisesti estää geenien toimintaa. Tässä työssä hiljennettiin morfoliinojen avulla kaksi geeniä seep- rakaloilta: perilipiini 1 ja perilipiini 5. Perilipiinit ovat lipidien varastoitumista sääteleviä proteiineja. Perilipiini 1 edesauttaa lipidien varastoitumista ja perilipiini 5 puolestaan säätelee rasvojen käyttöä energiaksi. Koska tutkittavat proteiinit vaikuttavat elimistön rasvoihin, morfoliinojen vaikutusta tutkittiin lipidivärjäyksellä. Värjäyksessä käytettiin Nile Red- ja LD540-lipidivärejä. Tu- losten perusteella voitiin todeta, että perilipiini 5 eliminointi lisäsi seeprakalojen rasvap- itoisuutta ja muutti selvästi niiden ulkomuotoa. Perilipiini 1 tapauksessa huomattiin, että geenin hiljentäminen tuotti alikehittyneitä, erittäin epämuodostuneita kaloja. Lipidivär- jäyksen tuloksena havaittiin, että rasvan määrä oli näillä kaloilla hieman vähäisempi kuin kontrolleina käytetyillä villityypin kaloilla. Morfoliinokonsentraatiolla todettiin ol- evan vaikutusta lopputulokseen ja kalojen selviytymiseen. Perilipiini 1 tapauksessa par- haat tulokset saatiin 175 ng/nl konsentraatiolla, suuremmat pitoisuudet nostivat al- kioiden kuolleisuutta dramaattisesti. Perilipiini 5 tapauksessa sopivin morfoliinokonsen- traatio oli huomattavasti korkeampi ja parhaat tulokset saatiin 500 ng/nl konsentraati- olla. Alhaisemmilla pitoisuuksilla vaikutukset eivät näkyneet kovin selkeästi. Lipidien todellisen määrän selvittäminen vaatii lisätutkimuksia, sillä tässä työssä käytetty menetelmä on hyvin epätarkka ja perustuu visuaaliseen arviointiin. Jatko- tutkimuksissa tulee myös käyttää kontrollimorfoliinoa, jotta morfoliinon itsensä aiheut- tamat sivuvaikutukset saadaan eliminoitua. This study has been done in cooperation with Institute of Biomedical Technology, Uni- versity of Tampere. Aim of the study was to perilipin proteins on the phenotype of zebrafish by using gene silencing and microscopy. Protein production is regulated by genes. For each protein there is a gene coding it and by manipulating the gene for example production of the protein can be prevented. Mor- pholinos are oligonucleotides which can temporarily knock down genes. In this study, two perilipin coding genes were knocked down in zebrafish: perilipin 1 and perilipin 5. Perilipins regulate lipid storage and usage in lipid droplets. Perilipin 1 increases lipid ac- cumulation and storage and perilipin 5 helps body to use lipids as energy. Because perilipins have an effect on the lipids, lipid staining was used to see the effect of Morpholinos. Nile Red and LD540 dyes were used for staining. According to results, knocking down perilipin 5 increases the lipid content in zebrafish and has an effect on the appearance. Knocking down perilipin 1 produced extremely poorly developed indi- viduals. Lipid content of these fish was slightly smaller than that of wild type control fish. The concentration of Morpholinos had significant effect on results and survival rate. With perilipin 1 too high Morpholino concentration produced dramatically poorly developed embryos. The Morpholino concentration of 175 ng/nl produced the best res- ults. With perilipin 5 the concentration of injection solution needed to be higher, the best results were got with the concentration of 500 ng/nl. More studies should be done to determine the real amount of lipids, because in this study lipid content was only estimated visually. In future studies control Morpholinos should also be used to eliminate side effects caused by Morpholino itself.
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Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli selvitt\u00e4\u00e4 perilipiinien \nvaikutusta seeprakalan fenotyyppiin k\u00e4ytt\u00e4en tutkimusmenetelmin\u00e4 geenien \nhiljent\u00e4mist\u00e4 ja mikroskopiaa. \nGeenit s\u00e4\u00e4telev\u00e4t proteiinien tuotantoa elimist\u00f6ss\u00e4. Jokaista proteiinia koodaa geeni, \njonka toimintaan puuttumalla voidaan esimerkiksi est\u00e4\u00e4 kyseisen proteiinin muodos- \ntuminen. Morfoliinot ovat oligonukleotideja, joiden avulla voidaan tilap\u00e4isesti est\u00e4\u00e4 \ngeenien toimintaa. T\u00e4ss\u00e4 ty\u00f6ss\u00e4 hiljennettiin morfoliinojen avulla kaksi geeni\u00e4 seep- \nrakaloilta: perilipiini 1 ja perilipiini 5. Perilipiinit ovat lipidien varastoitumista s\u00e4\u00e4televi\u00e4 \nproteiineja. Perilipiini 1 edesauttaa lipidien varastoitumista ja perilipiini 5 puolestaan \ns\u00e4\u00e4telee rasvojen k\u00e4ytt\u00f6\u00e4 energiaksi. \nKoska tutkittavat proteiinit vaikuttavat elimist\u00f6n rasvoihin, morfoliinojen vaikutusta \ntutkittiin lipidiv\u00e4rj\u00e4yksell\u00e4. V\u00e4rj\u00e4yksess\u00e4 k\u00e4ytettiin Nile Red- ja LD540-lipidiv\u00e4rej\u00e4. Tu- \nlosten perusteella voitiin todeta, ett\u00e4 perilipiini 5 eliminointi lis\u00e4si seeprakalojen rasvap- \nitoisuutta ja muutti selv\u00e4sti niiden ulkomuotoa. Perilipiini 1 tapauksessa huomattiin, ett\u00e4 \ngeenin hiljent\u00e4minen tuotti alikehittyneit\u00e4, eritt\u00e4in ep\u00e4muodostuneita kaloja. Lipidiv\u00e4r- \nj\u00e4yksen tuloksena havaittiin, ett\u00e4 rasvan m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4 oli n\u00e4ill\u00e4 kaloilla hieman v\u00e4h\u00e4isempi \nkuin kontrolleina k\u00e4ytetyill\u00e4 villityypin kaloilla. Morfoliinokonsentraatiolla todettiin ol- \nevan vaikutusta lopputulokseen ja kalojen selviytymiseen. Perilipiini 1 tapauksessa par- \nhaat tulokset saatiin 175 ng/nl konsentraatiolla, suuremmat pitoisuudet nostivat al- \nkioiden kuolleisuutta dramaattisesti. Perilipiini 5 tapauksessa sopivin morfoliinokonsen- \ntraatio oli huomattavasti korkeampi ja parhaat tulokset saatiin 500 ng/nl konsentraati- \nolla. Alhaisemmilla pitoisuuksilla vaikutukset eiv\u00e4t n\u00e4kyneet kovin selke\u00e4sti. \n\nLipidien todellisen m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4n selvitt\u00e4minen vaatii lis\u00e4tutkimuksia, sill\u00e4 t\u00e4ss\u00e4 ty\u00f6ss\u00e4 \nk\u00e4ytetty menetelm\u00e4 on hyvin ep\u00e4tarkka ja perustuu visuaaliseen arviointiin. Jatko- \ntutkimuksissa tulee my\u00f6s k\u00e4ytt\u00e4\u00e4 kontrollimorfoliinoa, jotta morfoliinon itsens\u00e4 aiheut- \ntamat sivuvaikutukset saadaan eliminoitua.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "This study has been done in cooperation with Institute of Biomedical Technology, Uni- \nversity of Tampere. Aim of the study was to perilipin proteins on the phenotype of \nzebrafish by using gene silencing and microscopy. \nProtein production is regulated by genes. For each protein there is a gene coding it and \nby manipulating the gene for example production of the protein can be prevented. Mor- \npholinos are oligonucleotides which can temporarily knock down genes. In this study, \ntwo perilipin coding genes were knocked down in zebrafish: perilipin 1 and perilipin 5. \nPerilipins regulate lipid storage and usage in lipid droplets. 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spellingShingle Esko, Elina Effects of perilipin I & V on the phenotype of zebrafish embryos morfoliino perilipiini Liikuntafysiologia Exercise Physiology 5011 seeprakala lipidit proteiinit geenit
title Effects of perilipin I & V on the phenotype of zebrafish embryos
title_full Effects of perilipin I & V on the phenotype of zebrafish embryos
title_fullStr Effects of perilipin I & V on the phenotype of zebrafish embryos Effects of perilipin I & V on the phenotype of zebrafish embryos
title_full_unstemmed Effects of perilipin I & V on the phenotype of zebrafish embryos Effects of perilipin I & V on the phenotype of zebrafish embryos
title_short Effects of perilipin I & V on the phenotype of zebrafish embryos
title_sort effects of perilipin i v on the phenotype of zebrafish embryos
title_txtP Effects of perilipin I & V on the phenotype of zebrafish embryos
topic morfoliino perilipiini Liikuntafysiologia Exercise Physiology 5011 seeprakala lipidit proteiinit geenit
topic_facet 5011 Exercise Physiology Liikuntafysiologia geenit lipidit morfoliino perilipiini proteiinit seeprakala
url https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/40661 http://www.urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201301071015
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