Currency substitution : empirical evidence on its significance by Heimonen, Kari

“…Third, the demand for narrow money in the Finnish exchange rate system has remained rather independent of currency substitution even though the demand equations for foreign currency deposits clearly show significant currency substitution effects. …”
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Pseudo-likelihood approach for pair potential estimation of Gibbs processes by Särkkä, Aila

“…As an application to practical forestry, interactions between trees in pine and spruce forests in Central Finland are studied using data consisting of so-called INKA sample plots collected by The Finnish Forest Research Institute. …”
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Maaseudun yritystoiminnan kehittymismahdollisuudet by Niittykangas, Hannu

“…Six types of approach were selected to outline the scope of the research: (1) regional problems examined from the point of view of rural areas, (2) focus on entrepreneurship outside farming, (3) choices governed by regional development considerations, (4) empirical results based on the comparison of rural areas, (5) evaluation of the development opportunities of both existing and new companies, and (6) opportunities for new companies to set up in rural areas on the strength of the local wage-earning labour force alone. The aim is to examine the opportunities for developing businesses in rural areas by analysing factors relevant to companies and entrepreneurs operating in the region and those commencing activities there. …”
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Implementing interactive multiple criteria decision methods in public policy by Wallenius, Hannele

“…Since the interactive solution strategy used involves a decisionmaker and his/her value judgements in the formulation and solution process, its usefulness could not be demonstrated theoretically without empirical testing and applications. …”
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A model for document databases by Salminen, Airi

“…We will first develop a technique for specifying abstract data types of data systems, where a "data system" is assumed to consist of some formal language and a set of types. Then we will use the technique to specify the types needed in document systems. …”
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Essays on sectoral adjustment in an open economy by Ylönen, Sakari

“…Dynamics of sectoral adjustment is studied when intersectoral mobility of labor force is not perfect and the booming sector is a wage leader which is followed by the contracting sector. …”
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Essays in the demand for energy in Finnish manufacturing by Törmä, Hannu

“…The relations of factor demands and their prices have been presented in form of the own price, cross price and substitution elasticities. …”
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Modelling interactions in spatial point patterns : parameter estimation by the maximus likelihood method by Penttinen, Antti

“…Markov point processes are a natural family of models for point patterns where the pattern formation is a consequence of interactions between points. …”
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On decision table definitions by Laitinen, Heikki

“…In addition, in the definition of each type of decision tables there are remarkable deficiencies both on the nonformal and formal levels. The main theme of the work is the creation of a new decision table definition covering all types or decision tables, in which the objectives of this definition are expressed hy the attributes: general, accurate, comprehensible, compatible and usable. …”
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On the biased estimation in regression : studies on ridge-type estimation by Leskinen, Esko

“…Further, in the orthogonalizing ridge estimation we only modify those components of the orthogonalizing ridge estimators in which the corresponding components of the LS-estimator (in the canonical form) often produce the most inaccurate estimates. …”
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Vattenkompetensen hos lågstadieelever i årskurserna 4-6 by Lindholm, Matilda

“…Resultaten visade att simningen och flytningen var svårast för alla, vilket kan förklaras av att dessa färdigheterna är komplexa och kräver mera träning i simundervisningen. …”
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Kliininen opetus fysioterapian perustutkintokoulutuksessa : kartoittava kirjallisuuskatsaus by Herttuainen, Elina, Ruuska, Eveliina

“…The PCC (Population - Concept - Context) framework has been used to formulate the research question and select the data. …”
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The use of humming : a narrative literature review on nasal humming in stress and anxiety alleviation by Korkalainen, Henna

“…A proposed model for stress and anxiety alleviating effects and mechanisms of certain type of humming was formed. Finally, a hypothesis grounding future research on managing acute anxiety was proposed among multiple suggestions on certain topics for further, more extensive and precise research. …”
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Navigating Uncertainty: Sensemaking of Technological Change in the Rally Industry by Könönen, Christa

“…The interplay between these two processes forms a comprehensive picture of how actors interpret technological change and position themselves with it. …”
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Activist scholars in Finland : narratives of becoming and acting for social change by Veith, Katrin

“…Activist scholarship is situated at the intersection of academic and activist work, representing a form of research that is deeply connected to social realities. …”
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How a Multinational Company Builds Supply-Chain Resilience through Proactive and Reactive Strategies in a Customized, Resource-Intensive Industry by Hallila, Jukka

“…To counter this, the company builds proactive strategies, such as dual and geographical sourcing, capacity and inventory buffers, forward-looking risk metrics, and trust-based supplier relationships. …”
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Artificial Intelligence for Advancing LCA and EMS: A Comparative Review of Technologies and Integration Practices by Weerasinghe, Shani

“…In contrast, ensemble meth ods such as Random Forest provide a balanced approach, delivering impressive performance while supporting explainable, regulator-friendly outcomes. …”
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Wind damage risk across regions in Finland and its effects on biodiversity and economic indicators by Vaherto, Vilma

“…Differences under varying forest management regimes highlight that forestry plays a key role in biodiversity and wood production. …”
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50–61-vuotiaiden työidentiteetin kehitys sekä yhteys persoonallisuuden piirteisiin ja haluun jatkaa työntekoa eläköitymisen jälkeen by Kiviharju, Paula, Mäkelä, Tiina

“…This was investigated by analysing work identity groups formed based on the data. Additionally, we compared differences between these groups in terms of personality traits and willingness to work after retirement. …”
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Työkriittisyys ja sen ilmentyminen yksilöllisen hyvinvoinnin näkökulmasta by Hyppönen, Tino, Heikkala, Johan

“…In addition, we examined how these expressions of anti-work orientation relate to experiences of individual well-being in the forms of overall life well-being, work-life balance, work engagement and burnout. …”
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