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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Knott, Emily", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Abrego, Nerea", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Jeskanen, Jaana", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2024-07-04T10:30:11Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2024-07-04T10:30:11Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2024", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/96306", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Is\u00e4nn\u00e4n ja loisen v\u00e4linen vuorovaikutus on harvoin kahdenkeskeist\u00e4, vaan pikemminkin useiden samanaikaisten loisten vuorovaikutusta. Loiset vaikuttavat toistensa kelpoisuuteen kilpailemalla kesken\u00e4\u00e4n tai helpottamalla is\u00e4nn\u00e4n sis\u00e4ist\u00e4 infektiota, mik\u00e4 vaikuttaa is\u00e4nn\u00e4n infektion vakavuuteen. Loisten esiintyvyys ja infektiokuormitus voivat muuttua ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6tekij\u00f6iden ja is\u00e4nt\u00e4organismien yleisen esiintyvyyden mukaan. Tutkin iti\u00f6el\u00e4insymbionttien, Polyrhabdina pygospionis, Selenidium pygospionis ja Rhytidocystis sp. -lajien vuorovaikutusdynamiikkaa ja tarkastelin kilpailevatko ne vai helpottavatko ne toisiaan yhteisinfektoidessaan. Aineisto oli aiemmin ker\u00e4tyist\u00e4 yksitt\u00e4isist\u00e4 Pygospio elegans -is\u00e4nt\u00e4madon kokonais-DNA-uutteista, jotka oli ker\u00e4tty nelj\u00e4st\u00e4 eri populaatioista viiten\u00e4 eri kuukautena. P. pygospionis infektiokuormituksen havaitsemiseksi ja m\u00e4\u00e4ritt\u00e4miseksi k\u00e4ytin ddPCR-menetelm\u00e4\u00e4, joka on luotettava ty\u00f6kalu kryptisten symbionttien havaitsemisessa. Ker\u00e4tyt tiedot analysoitiin yhdess\u00e4 muiden yhteisinfektoivienlajien tietojen kanssa lajijakaumamallinnuksella, jonka avulla p\u00e4\u00e4tell\u00e4\u00e4n lajienv\u00e4liset negatiiviset ja positiiviset suhteet alueellisella ja ajallisella gradientilla huomioiden ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6tekij\u00e4t. Tulokset osoittivat, ett\u00e4 is\u00e4nt\u00e4populaatio oli t\u00e4rkein muuttuja Rhytidocystis sp. ja S. pygospionis -lajien esiintymisess\u00e4, mutta P. pygospionis -lajin osalta is\u00e4nt\u00e4yksil\u00f6t olivat t\u00e4rkeimpi\u00e4. Ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6muuttujista C/N suhde oli Rhytidocystis sp. ja P. pygospionis -lajien esiintymisess\u00e4 suurin, ja sedimentin vesipitoisuus oli S. pygospionis ja Rhytidocystis sp. esiintymisess\u00e4 suurin. Is\u00e4nn\u00e4n pituus oli my\u00f6s t\u00e4rke\u00e4 S. pygospionis ja P. pygospionis -lajien osalta. Kun Rhytidocystis sp. tai S. pygospionis havaittiin populaatiossa, oli todenn\u00e4k\u00f6ist\u00e4 muiden loislajien esiintyv\u00e4n, mutta niiden yhteisesiintyminen oli ajallisesti negatiivista; samana kuukautena vain toinen esiintyy. Ajoitus ei n\u00e4ytt\u00e4nyt vaikuttavan P. pygospionis -lajiin. N\u00e4m\u00e4 tulokset osoittivat, ett\u00e4 iti\u00f6el\u00e4imien yhteisinfektio seuraa ajallista dynamiikkaa, loisien infektoivan per\u00e4kk\u00e4in pitkin vuodenaikaa.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Interaction between host and parasite is rarely one-on-one interaction but rather involves multiple coinfecting parasites. Parasites affect each other\u2019s fitness by competing or facilitating within-host, affecting the severity of host\u2019s infection. Parasite prevalence and infection load can change depending on environmental factors and overall host organisms\u2019 prevalence. I investigated interaction dynamics of the apicomplexan symbionts, Polyrhabdina pygospionis, Selenidium pygospionis and Rhytidocystis sp., and evaluated whether they potentially compete or facilitate each other while coinfecting. The data were from total DNA extracts of previously collected individual host worms, Pygospio elegans sampled from four different populations in five different months. For detecting and quantifying the infection loads of P. pygospionis I used ddPCR, which is a reliable tool for detecting cryptic symbionts. The collected data were analysed together with available data from other coinfecting species using joint species distribution modelling with which it was possible to infer the negative and positive associations among species across spatial and temporal gradients while accounting for environmental factors. Results showed that host population was the most important variable explaining the occurrence of Rhytidocystis sp. and S. pygospionis but for P. pygospionis the host individuals were more important. Out of the environmental variables, C/N ratio had the most variance in occurrence for Rhytidocystis sp. and P. pygospionis, and sediment water content for S. pygospionis and Rhytidocystis sp. Host length was also important factor in occurrence for S. pygospionis and P. pygospionis. When Rhytidocystis sp. or S. pygospionis were detected in a population, it was likely for the other parasite species to be present, but they co-occurred negatively in time; during the same month only one of them is present. The timing did not seem to influence occurrence of P. pygospionis. These results indicate that the coinfection of apicomplexans follows a temporal dynamic, with parasites infecting sequentially along the season.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by Miia Hakanen (mihakane@jyu.fi) on 2024-07-04T10:30:11Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 0", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2024-07-04T10:30:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0\n Previous issue date: 2024", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "29", "language": "", "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "eng", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Detecting coinfection dynamics of apicomplexans", "language": "", "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202407045134", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Bio- ja ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6tieteiden laitos", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Department of Biological and Environmental Science", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Ekologia ja evoluutiobiologia", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Ecology and evolutionary biology", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.funding", "value": "0", "language": "", "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "funding", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "restrictedAccess", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.oppiainekoodi", "value": "4011", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "oppiainekoodi", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "loiset", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "infektiot", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6tekij\u00e4t", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "populaatiodynamiikka", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "eli\u00f6yhteis\u00f6t", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "vuorovaikutus", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "parasites", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "infections", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "environmental factors", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "population dynamics", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "biotic communities", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "interaction", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": "https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "url", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accessrights", "value": "Tekij\u00e4 ei ole antanut lupaa avoimeen julkaisuun, joten aineisto on luettavissa vain Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopiston kirjaston <a href=\"https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/kokoelmat/arkistotyoasema\">arkistoty\u00f6asemalta</a>.", "language": "fi", "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accessrights", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accessrights", "value": "<br><br>The author has not given permission to make the work publicly available electronically. Therefore the material can be read only at the archival <a href=\"https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/collections/archival-workstation\">workstation</a> at Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 University Library reserved for the use of archival materials.", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accessrights", "schema": "dc"}]
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