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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Kyt\u00f6viita, Minna-Maarit", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Kankare, Maaria", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Puro, Simo", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2024-06-24T10:25:12Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2024-06-24T10:25:12Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2024", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/96119", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Tarhamehil\u00e4inen (Apis mellifera) on aitososiaalinen hy\u00f6nteislaji, joka on eritt\u00e4in t\u00e4rke\u00e4 p\u00f6lytt\u00e4j\u00e4 maataloudessa, mutta lajin yksil\u00f6m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4t v\u00e4henev\u00e4t maailmanlaajuisesti h\u00e4lytt\u00e4v\u00e4\u00e4 vauhtia. Yksi merkitt\u00e4vimmist\u00e4 tunnetuista mehil\u00e4iskatoon vaikuttavista tekij\u00f6ist\u00e4 ovat intianmehil\u00e4isest\u00e4 (Apis cerana) per\u00e4isin olevat Varroa destructor -punkit. Toisin kuin intianmehil\u00e4isill\u00e4, tarhamehil\u00e4isill\u00e4 ei ole luontaista vastustuskyky\u00e4 punkkeja vastaan, vaan varroapunkit voivat tuhota koko yhdyskunnan heikent\u00e4m\u00e4ll\u00e4 sit\u00e4 fyysisesti ja levitt\u00e4m\u00e4ll\u00e4 vakavia taudinaiheuttajia pesiss\u00e4. Tarhamehil\u00e4isill\u00e4 on kuitenkin keinoja torjua punkkeja ja yksi n\u00e4ist\u00e4 keinoista on propoliksen eli kittivahan tuottaminen ja sen k\u00e4ytt\u00f6 pesiss\u00e4. Propolis on useista eri yhdisteist\u00e4 koostuva aine, jota mehil\u00e4iset valmistavat eri luonnonmateriaaleista, kuten kasveista ker\u00e4tyist\u00e4 eritteist\u00e4 ja hartseista ja sen koostumus vaihtelee pes\u00e4n maantieteellisen sijainnin ja siten k\u00e4ytettyjen materiaalien mukaan. Propoliksella tiedet\u00e4\u00e4n olevan merkitt\u00e4vi\u00e4 antimikrobisia ominaisuuksia ja sen on my\u00f6s havaittu torjuvan joitakin loislajeja. Mehil\u00e4iset k\u00e4ytt\u00e4v\u00e4t propolista pes\u00e4n sis\u00e4ll\u00e4 olevien ylim\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4isten aukkojen t\u00e4ytt\u00e4miseen. Mehil\u00e4istarhaajat voivat ker\u00e4t\u00e4 propolista kaupallisiin tarkoituksiin propolislevyjen avulla, jotka luovat tarpeetonta vetoa mehil\u00e4ispes\u00e4ss\u00e4, mik\u00e4 saa mehil\u00e4iset valmistamaan lis\u00e4\u00e4 propolista aukkojen tukkimista varten. T\u00e4ss\u00e4 gradututkimuksessa selvitettiin, vaikuttavatko propoliksen ker\u00e4\u00e4miseen k\u00e4ytetyt levyt varroapunkkien m\u00e4\u00e4riin tai hunajatuotantoon sek\u00e4 vaikuttaako varroapunkkien m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4 hunajatuotantoon mehil\u00e4ispesiss\u00e4. Kokeessa k\u00e4ytettiin kymment\u00e4 tarhamehil\u00e4ispes\u00e4\u00e4, joista puoleen oli laitettu propolislevyt ja puolet toimivat kontrollipesin\u00e4 ilman levy\u00e4. Kaikki pes\u00e4t olivat saaneet luontaisesti varroatartunnan. Punkkien m\u00e4\u00e4riss\u00e4 ei havaittu tilastollisesti merkitsev\u00e4\u00e4 eroa koe- ja kontrollipesien v\u00e4lill\u00e4 kes\u00e4n aikana. Propolislevyjen ja hunajatuotannon v\u00e4lill\u00e4 ei my\u00f6sk\u00e4\u00e4n havaittu eroa, mutta punkkien m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4n ja hunajatuotannon v\u00e4lill\u00e4 havaittiin positiivinen korrelaatio. T\u00e4m\u00e4n kokeen perusteella propolislevyt eiv\u00e4t vaikuta varroapunkkien m\u00e4\u00e4riin eiv\u00e4tk\u00e4 hunajatuotantoon mehil\u00e4ispesiss\u00e4 11 viikon aikana.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "European honeybee (Apis mellifera) is an eusocial insect species that is as an important pollinator in agriculture, but their numbers are declining at an alarming rate. Perhaps one of the most significant known factors for the decline of honeybees is the ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor originating from Asian honeybee Apis cerana. Unlike A. cerana, A. mellifera has almost no tolerance towards this threat and the V. destructor can destroy an entire A. mellifera colony it has infested by physically weakening the colony and by spreading severe pathogens inside the hive. Fortunately, honeybees have ways to counter these threats, one of which is the usage of propolis. Propolis is a substance honeybees produce from different materials from different plants, and its composition differs based on the materials it is produced of and therefore based on the geographical location of the hive. Propolis has significant antimicrobial properties and has been observed to affect certain parasite species and honeybees use it to fill unnecessary spaces inside the hive. Beekeepers can collect propolis for commercial purposes using specifically made propolis screens that induce propolis production behaviour in honeybees by creating unnecessary draft inside the hive. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a propolis screen affects the severity of V. destructor infestation in a honeybee hive. An experiment was conducted using a total of 10 A. mellifera hives; 5 target hives with propolis screens and 5 control hives without propolis screens. All the hives were naturally infested with V. destructor. The mite counts of each hive were recorded and compared. Additionally, the honey amounts of each hive were recorded and the interaction between the honey production and the propolis screen as well as the mite counts were explored. No statistical difference was found in the total number of mites during the summer between the hive groups. No significant differences were found between the honey production and the propolis screen, but a positive correlation was found between the number of mites and the honey production. Based on this experiment, the propolis screens did not affect the V. destructor counts or the honey production of honeybee hives during 11 weeks.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by Miia Hakanen (mihakane@jyu.fi) on 2024-06-24T10:25:12Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 0", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2024-06-24T10:25:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0\n Previous issue date: 2024", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "23", "language": "", "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "eng", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "propolis", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "varroa destructor", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "The effects of propolis screen on the amounts of Varroa destructor mites and honey production in honeybee hives", "language": "", "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202406244965", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Bio- ja ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6tieteiden laitos", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Department of Biological and Environmental Science", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Ekologia ja evoluutiobiologia", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Ecology and evolutionary biology", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.funding", "value": "0", "language": "", "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "funding", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "openAccess", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.oppiainekoodi", "value": "4011", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "oppiainekoodi", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "tarhamehil\u00e4inen", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "hunaja", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "mehil\u00e4ishoito", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "loiset", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "mehil\u00e4ispes\u00e4t", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "punkit", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "mehil\u00e4istalous", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "honeybees", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "honey", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "bee culture (husbandry)", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "parasites", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "beehives", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "mites", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "bee culture (livelihoods)", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": "https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "url", "schema": "dc"}]
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