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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Huovinen, Terhi", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Lounassalo, Irinja", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Kand\u00e9n, Joona", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Porkola, Santeri", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2024-06-24T07:43:34Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2024-06-24T07:43:34Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2024", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/96108", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "P\u00e4ivitt\u00e4isen liikkumissuosituksen saavuttavat nyky\u00e4\u00e4n vain noin joka kolmas lapsi ja nuori. \nPeruskoulun aikana v\u00e4litunteja on ajallisesti yli kolme kertaa enemm\u00e4n kuin liikuntatunteja, \nmink\u00e4 vuoksi v\u00e4lituntien aikainen fyysinen aktiivisuus on t\u00e4rke\u00e4\u00e4 p\u00e4ivitt\u00e4isen \nliikkumissuosituksen savuttamisen kannalta. Koulupihojen tarjoumia ja niiden yhteytt\u00e4 \nfyysiseen aktiivisuuteen on tutkittu Suomessa v\u00e4h\u00e4n. Tarjoumalla tarkoitetaan jotain tekij\u00e4\u00e4, \njonka ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6 antaa tai tarjoaa sen havaitsijalle. Tarjoumateorian mukaan tarjouma antaa sen \nhavaitsijalle omanlaisia toimintamahdollisuuksia tai -kutsuja havaitsijan kyvyist\u00e4 ja ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6n \nominaisuuksista riippuen. T\u00e4m\u00e4n pro gradu -tutkielman tavoitteena oli selvitt\u00e4\u00e4, millaisia \ntarjoumia koulujen pihoilla on oppilaille ja mill\u00e4 tavoin tyt\u00f6t ja pojat n\u00e4it\u00e4 tarjoumia k\u00e4ytt\u00e4v\u00e4t \nv\u00e4litunneilla. Lis\u00e4ksi tutkimuksessa pyrittiin selvitt\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4n, miten fyysinen aktiivisuus n\u00e4kyi \nv\u00e4lituntien aikana ja oliko erilaisilla tarjoumilla yhteytt\u00e4 eri tasoiseen fyysiseen aktiivisuuteen. \nTutkimus toteutettiin monimenetelm\u00e4llisen\u00e4 tutkimuksena. Koulupihoja ja fyysist\u00e4 \naktiivisuutta observoitiin kahdella erillisell\u00e4 havainnointimenetelm\u00e4ll\u00e4. Koulupihojen \ntarjoumia tarkasteltiin ep\u00e4systemaattisesti Observation of affordances of schoolyard \n-menetelm\u00e4ll\u00e4, jonka tavoitteena on hankkia m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4llist\u00e4 ja laadullista tietoa koulupihojen \ntarjoumista, n\u00e4iden k\u00e4yt\u00f6st\u00e4 sek\u00e4 koulukohtaisista v\u00e4lituntis\u00e4\u00e4nn\u00f6ist\u00e4 kuvailevalla analyysill\u00e4. \nV\u00e4lituntiaktiivisuutta ja piha-alueen k\u00e4ytt\u00f6\u00e4 tutkittiin systemaattisesti skannaamalla SOPLAY \n(System for Observing Play and Leisure in Youth) -tapahtumarekister\u00f6innill\u00e4. Fyysisen \naktiivisuuden intensiteettien yhteyksi\u00e4 tarjoumiin analysoitiin IBM SPSS Statistics 28 \n-ohjelmalla k\u00e4ytt\u00e4en Spearmanin korrelaatiokertoimia. \nTutkimuksesta selvisi, ett\u00e4 koulupihoilla yleisimmin esiintyv\u00e4t tarjoumat olivat p\u00e4\u00e4osin \nrakennettuja, mutta my\u00f6s luonnollisia tarjoumia havaittiin. Eniten pihoilla k\u00e4ytettiin \nmets\u00e4alueita, katoksia, keinuja ja lumikasoja. Pojat k\u00e4yttiv\u00e4t v\u00e4litunneilla enemm\u00e4n keinuja ja \npallopeleihin tarkoitettuja tarjoumia, kun puolestaan tyt\u00f6t k\u00e4yttiv\u00e4t enemm\u00e4n kiipeilyseini\u00e4 ja \ntasapainotelineit\u00e4. V\u00e4litunneilla paikallaan olevia oppilaita oli huomattavasti enemm\u00e4n kuin \nk\u00e4velevi\u00e4 ja fyysisesti aktiivisia oppilaita yhteens\u00e4. Fyysisesti aktiivisia poikia oli v\u00e4litunneilla \ntilastollisesti merkitsev\u00e4sti enemm\u00e4n kuin fyysisesti aktiivisia tytt\u00f6j\u00e4 (p<0,05). Tytt\u00f6jen \nfyysisen aktiivisuuden edist\u00e4miseksi v\u00e4litunneilla t\u00e4rkeiksi tarjoumiksi osoittautuivat peli- ja \nleikkialueet sek\u00e4 suurimpana luontoalueet ja pojilla puolestaan peli- sek\u00e4 leikkialueet. \nSosiaalisilla alueilla oltiin eniten paikallaan, mutta n\u00e4m\u00e4 mahdollistavat my\u00f6s kevyen \nintensiteetin fyysisen aktiivisuuden. Tutkimustulokset vahvistavat aiempia tutkimustuloksia \npoikien ja tytt\u00f6jen fyysisen aktiivisuuden eroista. Pojat ovat keskim\u00e4\u00e4rin tytt\u00f6j\u00e4 aktiivisempia \nja erilaiset tarjoumat aktivoivat tytt\u00f6j\u00e4 ja poikia eri tavoin. Tutkimuksen tuloksia voi hy\u00f6dynt\u00e4\u00e4 \nsuunnitellessa ja rakentaessa uusia koulupihoja, jotta v\u00e4litunneilla voitaisiin saavuttaa \nenemm\u00e4n fyysist\u00e4 aktiivisuutta.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Currently, only about one-third of children and adolescents meet the daily physical activity \nrecommendations. During primary school, there are more recess periods than physical \neducation classes, making physical activity during recess crucial for meeting these \nrecommendations. Affordances in schoolyards and their association with physical activity have \nbeen minimally studied in Finland. 'Affordance' refers to any feature that the environment \nprovides or offers to its observer. It provides particular action possibilities or invitations for the \nobserver based on the observer's abilities and environmental characteristics. The aim of this \nmaster's thesis was to explore the affordances available in schoolyards for children and \nadolescents during recess, as well as how these affordances are utilized by girls and boys. \nAdditionally, the study aimed to investigate how physical activity appeared during recess and \nwhether different affordances were associated with different levels of physical activity. \nThis study employed a multimethod approach. Schoolyards and physical activity were observed \nusing two separate observation methods. Schoolyard affordances were examined using the \nnonsystematic Observation of Affordances of Schoolyard method, which aimed at acquiring \nquantitative and qualitative data on schoolyard affordances, their usage, and school-specific \nrecess rules through descriptive analysis. Recess activity and playground usage were \nsystematically investigated using the System for Observing Play and Leisure in Youth \n(SOPLAY) event registration method. The associations between physical activity intensities \nand affordances were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 28 software, employing Spearman's \ncorrelation coefficients. \nThe study found that the most common affordances in schoolyards were predominantly \nconstructed. However, natural affordances were also present. Forest areas, shelters, swings, and \nsnow piles were most commonly used in the schoolyards by pupils. Boys used swings and areas \ndesignated for ball games more often during recess than girls, while girls used climbing walls \nand balance beams more frequently. There were more sedentary students than walking or \nphysically active students during recess. Boys were more physically active during recess than \ngirls (p<0.05). The most important affordance for promoting physical activity during recess for \ngirls were game, play, and primarily natural areas, whereas for boys, game and play areas were \ncrucial. On social areas pupils were often stationary, but these areas can also afford light\nintensity physical activity. The study results confirm previous findings regarding differences in \nphysical activity between boys and girls. Boys are generally more active than girls, and different \naffordances activate girls and boys in different ways during recess. The results of the study can \nbe used to design and build new school playgrounds to increase physical activity during recess.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by Miia Hakanen (mihakane@jyu.fi) on 2024-06-24T07:43:34Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 0", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2024-06-24T07:43:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0\n Previous issue date: 2024", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "81", "language": "", "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "fin", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "tarjouma", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "koulupiha", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Koulupihojen tarjoumat fyysiselle aktiivisuudelle v\u00e4litunneilla", "language": "", "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202406244955", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Liikuntatieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Liikunta- ja terveystieteet", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Sport and Health Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Liikuntapedagogiikka", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Physical Education Teacher Education", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.funding", "value": "0", "language": "", "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "funding", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "openAccess", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.oppiainekoodi", "value": "502", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "oppiainekoodi", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "fyysinen aktiivisuus", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "nuoret", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "lapset (ik\u00e4ryhm\u00e4t)", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "v\u00e4litunnit", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "oppilaat", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": "https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "url", "schema": "dc"}]
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