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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Ruuskanen, Suvi", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Laine, Benjami", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Tiirola, Marja", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Aalto, Milja", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2024-06-18T11:26:41Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2024-06-18T11:26:41Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2024", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/96000", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Plastic as waste decomposes slowly and the quantities are large. Therefore, plastic recycling is essential. However, a key problem with recycled plastic and plastic products is their additives, such as plastic softeners and inhibitors for mold and bacteria, which contain chemicals that may be toxic to mammalian cells. Harmful additives are difficult to avoid as the manufacturer is not obliged to inform about them. Therefore, in recycled plastic mixtures, their exact content and toxicity, is not known. The aim of this study was to apply an assay method to measure changes in boar spermatozoa motility using the automated sperm analysis program (ISAS v1) with a particular focus on recycled plastic. The applied assay method did not give particularly accurate results. The inaccuracy of the results was affected e.g. by a large natural variability, deviation between replicate samples, and the computer program which did not calculate motility completely reliably. Despite the use of the ISAS program, the person doing the work also had to use subjective selection. The assay method works most reliably when there is a substantial change in spermatozoa motility within three days due to the chemical, and the semen is of good quality, in which case the negative control motility reduces only slightly. As part of application process, a case study was carried out, where spermatozoa motility measurements were conducted after exposure to two types of recycled plastic, a grocery store's plastic bag (90% was recycled plastic) and for Barbie doll\u2019s leg (from the 70s). In the tests, the negative control was the semen as it came from the artificial insemination station, and in the positive control chemical triclosan was used, which is an antibacterial agent used also in plastics. With this assay method and equipment and using 2 \u00b5g/ml triclosan, 50% of rapid movement of boar spermatozoa motility was lost between 1 and 3 days of exposure. The assay method gave indicative results that the plastic bag and Barbie contain substances toxic to boar spermatozoa. Rapid movement of boar spermatozoa decreased 53% when exposed to a piece of plastic bag (2x3 cm) and 60% when exposed to pieces of Barbie\u2019s leg (2 pieces of 0,5x2 cm) for three days. Overall, the case study demonstrated that presented assay method can be used to study the toxicity of recycled plastics.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Muovi j\u00e4tteen\u00e4 hajoaa hitaasti ja m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4t ovat suuria. Siksi muovin kierr\u00e4tys on v\u00e4ltt\u00e4m\u00e4t\u00f6nt\u00e4. Kuitenkin kierr\u00e4tysmuovin ja yleens\u00e4 muovituotteiden keskeinen ongelma on lis\u00e4aineet, kuten muovin pehmennysaineet ja homeen ja bakteerien est\u00e4j\u00e4t, jotka saattavat sis\u00e4lt\u00e4\u00e4 nis\u00e4k\u00e4ssoluille myrkyllisi\u00e4 kemikaaleja. Haitallisia lis\u00e4aineita on vaikea v\u00e4ltt\u00e4\u00e4, koska valmistajalla ei ole velvollisuutta ilmoittaa niist\u00e4 ja siksi kierr\u00e4tysmuoviseoksien tarkkaa sis\u00e4lt\u00f6\u00e4 ja myrkyllisyytt\u00e4 ei tunneta. T\u00e4m\u00e4n tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli menetelm\u00e4sovellus, joka mittaa muutosta sian siitti\u00f6iden liikkuvuudessa automaattisella siitti\u00f6analyysill\u00e4 (ISAS v1 tietokoneohjelma), erityisesti kierr\u00e4tysmuoveihin liittyen. Sovellettu menetelm\u00e4 ei antanut erityisen tarkkoja tuloksia. Tulosten ep\u00e4tarkkuuteen vaikutti mm. suuri luonnollinen vaihtelu, hajonta rinnakkaisn\u00e4ytteiden v\u00e4lill\u00e4 ja tietokoneohjelma, joka ei laskenut liikkuvuutta t\u00e4ysin luotettavasti. ISAS-ohjelman k\u00e4yt\u00f6st\u00e4 huolimatta ty\u00f6n tekij\u00e4 joutui k\u00e4ytt\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4n my\u00f6s subjektiivista valintaa. Menetelm\u00e4 toimii luotettavimmin, kun siitti\u00f6iden liikkuvuudessa tapahtuu merkitt\u00e4v\u00e4 muutos kolmen p\u00e4iv\u00e4n aikana johtuen kemikaalista ja siemenneste on hyv\u00e4laatuista, jolloin negatiivisen kontrollin liikkuvuus v\u00e4henee vain hieman. Osa soveltamisprosessia oli tapaustutkimus, jossa siitti\u00f6iden liikkuvuuden muutosta mitattiin sen j\u00e4lkeen, kun niit\u00e4 oli altistettu kahdentyyppiselle kierr\u00e4tetylle muoville, ruokakaupan muovipussille (90 % kierr\u00e4tysmuovia) ja Barbie-nuken jalalle (70-luvulta). Testeiss\u00e4 negatiivisena kontrollina oli siemenneste sellaisenaan kuin se tuli keinosiemennysasemalta ja positiivisessa kontrollissa k\u00e4ytettiin triklosaania, joka on my\u00f6s muoveissa k\u00e4ytett\u00e4v\u00e4 antibakteerinen aine. T\u00e4ll\u00e4 menetelm\u00e4ll\u00e4 ja laitteistolla sek\u00e4 altistuksella triklosaanille (2 \u00b5g/ml), sian siitti\u00f6iden nopea liike v\u00e4heni 50 % yhden ja kolmen p\u00e4iv\u00e4n altistuksen v\u00e4lisen\u00e4 aikana. Menetelm\u00e4ll\u00e4 saatiin suuntaa antavat tulokset, ett\u00e4 muovipussi ja Barbie sis\u00e4lt\u00e4v\u00e4t sian siitti\u00f6ille toksisia aineita. Siitti\u00f6iden nopea liike v\u00e4heni 53 %, kun niit\u00e4 altistettiin muovipussin palaselle (2x3 cm) ja 60 %, kun niit\u00e4 altistettiin Barbien jalalle (2 palasta, 0,5x2 cm) kolmen p\u00e4iv\u00e4n ajan. Kaiken kaikkiaan tapaustutkimus osoitti, ett\u00e4 esitetty\u00e4 menetelm\u00e4\u00e4 voidaan k\u00e4ytt\u00e4\u00e4 kierr\u00e4tettyjen muovien myrkyllisyyden tutkimiseen.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by Miia Hakanen (mihakane@jyu.fi) on 2024-06-18T11:26:41Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 0", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2024-06-18T11:26:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0\n Previous issue date: 2024", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "42", "language": "", "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "eng", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "Computer Assisted Semen Analysis (CASA)", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "Integrated Semen Analysis System (ISAS v1\u00ae)", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "Barbie", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "plastic bag", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Application to detect toxicity of recycled plastics using boar spermatozoa motility", "language": "", "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202406184766", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Bio- ja ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6tieteiden laitos", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Department of Biological and Environmental Science", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6tiede", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Environmental science", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.funding", "value": "0", "language": "", "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "funding", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "openAccess", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.oppiainekoodi", "value": "40151", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "oppiainekoodi", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "muovi", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "myrkyllisyys", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "plastic", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "toxicity", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": "https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "url", "schema": "dc"}]
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