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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Karjalainen, Juha", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Hu, Xiaoxuan", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Sarathchandra, Hansika", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2024-06-17T09:55:33Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2024-06-17T09:55:33Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2024", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/95960", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Sulfate is a naturally occurring compound found in water bodies. Estuarine brackish water, such as that in the Baltic Sea in northern Europe, contains 100-500 mg/L of sulfate. However, excessive levels of sulfate due to various anthropogenic activities could increase water salinity and negatively impact aquatic life. There is a scarcity of chronic toxicity data on sulfate for performing a Species Sensitivity Distribution (SSD) analysis and setting Water Quality Guidelines (WQGs) for brackish water. To address this gap, this study focused on the bivalve species Macoma balthica commonly found in brackish water, to evaluate the chronic toxicity of sulfate and enhance the data availability for SSD analysis in brackish water. M. balthica holds a crucial position in the ecosystem dynamics of the northern Baltic Sea, with no other species capable of completely assuming its vital ecological roles. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the effective concentrations of sulfate to adult M. balthica in brackish water and to enhance the availability of chronic toxicity data for SSD analysis in brackish water. In this chronic toxicity test, the effective concentrations of sulfate were determined by exposing adult M. balthica to varying sulfate concentrations ranging from 500 mg/L to 11500 mg/L for 28 days in a controlled laboratory environment. Key endpoints measured included foot or siphon movement rate, activity frequency, wet and dry weights of soft tissues, and length. M. balthica tolerated higher sulfate concentrations than freshwater mussels with a chronic effective concentration (EC10) at 2291 mg/L. The excessive sulfate levels significantly decreased the activity frequency and foot or siphon movement rate of M. balthica in brackish water.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Sulfaatti on luonnossa esiintyv\u00e4 anioni, jota esiintyy vesist\u00f6iss\u00e4. Murtovesialtaissa, kuten It\u00e4meress\u00e4 Pohjois-Euroopassa, sulfaattipitoisuudet vaihtelevat v\u00e4lill\u00e4 100-500 mg/L. Ihmis toiminnasta johtuvat kohonneet sulfaattipitoisuudet voivat kuitenkin lis\u00e4t\u00e4 veden suolapitoisuutta ja vaikuttaa haitallisesti vesieli\u00f6ihin. Sulfaatin kroonisesta myrkyllisyydest\u00e4 on niukasti tietoa, jota tarvittaisiin laji herkkyysjakauman (SSD) sovittamiseen ja ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6laatunormien (WQG) asettamiseen murtovedelle. T\u00e4m\u00e4n puutteen korjaamiseksi t\u00e4ss\u00e4 tutkimuksessa keskityttiin murtovedess\u00e4 yleisesti esiintyv\u00e4\u00e4n liejusimpukkaan Macoma balthicaan, tavoitteena arvioida sulfaatin krooninen myrkyllisyys ja tuottaa tietoja murtovedess\u00e4 teht\u00e4v\u00e4\u00e4 SSD-analyysi\u00e4 varten. M. balthicalla on merkitt\u00e4v\u00e4 asema pohjoisen It\u00e4meren ekosysteemiss\u00e4, eik\u00e4 mik\u00e4\u00e4n muu laji pystyisi t\u00e4ytt\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4n sen ekologista roolia. T\u00e4m\u00e4n tutkimuksen ensisijaisena tavoitteena oli tutkia aikuisen M. balthican sulfaatin haitallisia pitoisuuksia murtovedess\u00e4. Kroonisessa toksisuustestiss\u00e4 sulfaatin pitoisuudet m\u00e4\u00e4ritettiin altistamalla t\u00e4ysikasvuisia liejusimpukoita 28 p\u00e4iv\u00e4n ajan sulfaattipitoisuuksille, jotka vaihtelivat v\u00e4lill\u00e4 500-11500 mg/L. Keskeisi\u00e4 mitattuja muuttujia olivat simpukan jalan tai hengitysputken liike, aktiivisuusfrekvenssi, pehmytkudosten m\u00e4rk\u00e4- ja kuivapaino sek\u00e4 kuoren pituus. M. balthica sulfaattipitoisuuksia kuin makean veden simpukat. Liejusimpukan- vaikuttava sulfaattipitoisuus (EC10) oli 2291 mg/L. Liialliset sulfaattit pitoisuudet v\u00e4hensiv\u00e4t merkitt\u00e4v\u00e4sti M. balthican aktiivisuus frekvenssi\u00e4 ja jalan tai hengitysputken liikett\u00e4.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by Miia Hakanen (mihakane@jyu.fi) on 2024-06-17T09:55:33Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 0", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2024-06-17T09:55:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0\n Previous issue date: 2024", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "25", "language": "", "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "eng", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "chronic toxicity", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "effective concentrations", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "salinity", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "siphon", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "species sensitivity distribution", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Chronic toxicity of sulfate to adult tellinid bivalve Macoma balthica in brackish water", "language": "", "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202406174726", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Department of Biological and Environmental Science", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Bio- ja ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6tieteiden laitos", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Aquatic sciences", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Akvaattiset tieteet", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.funding", "value": "0", "language": "", "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "funding", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "restrictedAccess", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.oppiainekoodi", "value": "4012", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "oppiainekoodi", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "simpukat", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "sulfaatit", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "bivalvia", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "sulfates", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": "https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "url", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accessrights", "value": "The author has not given permission to make the work publicly available electronically. Therefore the material can be read only at the archival workstation at Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 University Library (https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/en/workspaces/facilities/facilities#autotoc-item-autotoc-2).", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accessrights", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accessrights", "value": "Tekij\u00e4 ei ole antanut lupaa avoimeen julkaisuun, joten aineisto on luettavissa vain Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopiston kirjaston arkistoty\u00f6semalta. Ks. https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/fi/tyoskentelytilat/laitteet-ja-tilat#autotoc-item-autotoc-2.", "language": "fi", "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accessrights", "schema": "dc"}]
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