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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Tiirola, Marja", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Bhattarai, Hem Raj", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Narasinha, Shurpali", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Laine, Benjami", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Nieminen, Ville", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2024-06-07T07:21:37Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2024-06-07T07:21:37Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2024", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/95633", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Nitrogen (N) fertilization contributes to denitrification which causes greenhouse gas emissions of N2O from agricultural soils. On the other hand, microbial N2O reduction to N2 in denitrification is the only N2O sink in terrestrial soils and other environments. Further studies are needed to understand factors affecting N2O reduction in agricultural soils. Denitrifying and non-denitrifying microbes carry nosZ gene variants I and II. I aimed to determine the abundance of nosZ Clade II N2O reducers from bulk and rhizosphere soil and root systems of red clover and timothy to link the abundance of nosZ Clade II with soil net N2O emissions. I also assessed bacterial community composition and diversity to connect them with nosZ II abundance. Unfertilized and fertilized treatments of mixed (red clover and timothy), red clover, and timothy groups were used to see if fertilization and vegetation types impacted bacterial community, N2O reducers, and N2O emissions. Quantitative PCR was used to quantify nosZ II abundance relative to the total abundance of bacteria, i.e. 16S rRNA gene copies, and next-generation sequencing to determine bacterial community composition. Net N2O emissions were measured with gas chromatography. Soils exhibited higher diversity of bacteria and relative abundance of nosZ II than roots, regardless of fertilization status or plant species. N fertilization only increased diversity in the mixed and timothy roots. Soils were similar in their bacterial community composition, but red clover and timothy roots were strongly differentiated from each other. Soil bacteria affiliated to the nosZ Clade II, included genus Pedobacter from the phylum Bacteroidota. The relationship between net N2O emissions and nosZ II abundance in soils remained unclear, due to high variability in the emissions. Results imply that the high bacterial diversity in the rhizosphere supported the presence of nosZ Clade II which can result in higher N2O reduction activity. Cultivation practices promoting microbial diversity in soil could help to mitigate agricultural N2O emissions supporting sustainability in agriculture. In the future, it is necessary to study N2 production and both nosZ Clade I and II as their abundance might affect N2O reduction differently in the soil-root system of different crop species.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Typpilannoitus edist\u00e4\u00e4 denitrifikaatiota, mik\u00e4 aiheuttaa N2O-kasvihuonekaasup\u00e4\u00e4st\u00f6j\u00e4 maatalousmaista. Toisaalta mikrobien N2O:n pelkist\u00e4minen N2:ksi denitrifikaatiossa on ainoa N2O:n nielu maaper\u00e4ss\u00e4 ja muissa ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6iss\u00e4. Lis\u00e4tutkimuksia tarvitaan, jotta voidaan ymm\u00e4rt\u00e4\u00e4 tekij\u00f6it\u00e4, jotka vaikuttavat N2O:n pelkistymiseen maatalousmailla. Denitrifioivat ja ei-denitrifioivat mikrobit kantavat nosZ-geenivariantteja I ja II. Tavoitteena oli m\u00e4\u00e4ritt\u00e4\u00e4 nosZ Kladi II:in kuuluvien N2O:n pelkist\u00e4jien runsaus puna-apilan ja timotein ymp\u00e4r\u00f6iv\u00e4st\u00e4 maasta ja ritsof\u00e4\u00e4rimaasta sek\u00e4 juuristoj\u00e4rjestelm\u00e4st\u00e4, jotta voitaisiin selvitt\u00e4\u00e4 nosZ Kladi II:n runsauden suhde maaper\u00e4n N2O-nettop\u00e4\u00e4st\u00f6ihin. Arvioin my\u00f6s bakteeriyhteis\u00f6n koostumusta ja monimuotoisuutta yhdist\u00e4\u00e4kseni ne nosZ II runsauteen. Lannoittamattomia ja lannoitettuja puna-apilan ja timotein sekoitusta, puna-apilaa ja timoteit\u00e4 erikseen k\u00e4ytettiin sen selvitt\u00e4miseen, ett\u00e4 vaikuttivatko lannoitus ja kasvillisuusryhm\u00e4t bakteeriyhteis\u00f6\u00f6n, N2O-pelkist\u00e4jiin ja N2O-p\u00e4\u00e4st\u00f6ihin. Kvantitatiivista PCR:\u00e4\u00e4 k\u00e4ytettiin m\u00e4\u00e4ritt\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4n nosZ II:n runsaus suhteessa bakteerien kokonaism\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4\u00e4n, eli 16S rRNA-geenikopioihin, ja seuraavan sukupolven sekvensointia (NGS) bakteeriyhteis\u00f6jen koostumuksen m\u00e4\u00e4ritt\u00e4miseksi. N2O:n nettop\u00e4\u00e4st\u00f6t mitattiin kaasukromatografilla. Bakteerien monimuotoisuus ja nosZ II:n suhteellinen runsaus oli suurempi maassa kuin juurissa lannoituksesta tai kasvilajeista riippumatta. Typpilannoitus lis\u00e4si monimuotoisuutta vain seka- ja timoteinjuurissa. Maat olivat samankaltaisia bakteeriyhteis\u00f6jen koostumukseltaan, mutta puna-apilan ja timotein juuret erottuivat vahvasti toisistaan. Maasta l\u00f6ytyi nosZ Kladiin II mahdollisesti liittyvi\u00e4 bakteeriryhmi\u00e4, mukaan lukien suvun Pedobacter p\u00e4\u00e4jaksosta Bacteroidota. N2O- nettop\u00e4\u00e4st\u00f6jen ja nosZ II runsauden v\u00e4linen suhde maaper\u00e4ss\u00e4 j\u00e4i ep\u00e4selv\u00e4ksi p\u00e4\u00e4st\u00f6jen suuren vaihtelun vuoksi. Tulokset viittaavat siihen, ett\u00e4 bakteerien suuri monimuotoisuus ritsosf\u00e4\u00e4riss\u00e4 tukee nosZ Clade II:n l\u00e4sn\u00e4oloa, mik\u00e4 voi johtaa korkeampaan N2O-pelkistysaktiivisuuteen. Maaper\u00e4n mikrobien monimuotoisuutta edist\u00e4v\u00e4t viljelyk\u00e4yt\u00e4nn\u00f6t voisivat auttaa v\u00e4hent\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4n maatalouden N2O-p\u00e4\u00e4st\u00f6j\u00e4 tukien maatalouden kest\u00e4vyytt\u00e4. Jatkossa on tarpeen tutkia N2:n tuotantoa sek\u00e4 nosZ Kladi I:t\u00e4 ett\u00e4 II:ta, koska niiden runsaus saattaa vaikuttaa N2O:n pelkistymiseen eri tavalla eri viljelykasvilajien maa-juurisysteemeiss\u00e4.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by Paivi Vuorio (paelvuor@jyu.fi) on 2024-06-07T07:21:37Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 0", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2024-06-07T07:21:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0\n Previous issue date: 2024", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "72", "language": "", "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "eng", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "Clade II nosZ", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "nitrous oxide reduction", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "sustainable agriculture", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "Trifolium pratense", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "Phleum pratense", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Assessing bacterial communities, N2O emissions, and nosZ Clade II N2O reducers in the soil-root system of red clover and timothy", "language": "", "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202406074395", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Department of Biological and Environmental Science", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Bio- ja ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6tieteiden laitos", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Environmental science", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6tiede", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.collaborator", "value": "public", "language": "", "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "collaborator", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.funding", "value": "0", "language": "", "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "funding", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.initiative", "value": "student", "language": "", "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "initiative", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "restrictedAccess", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.oppiainekoodi", "value": "40151", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "oppiainekoodi", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "maaper\u00e4", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "kasvihuonekaasut", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "mikrobit", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "soil", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "greenhouse gases", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "microbes", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": "https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "url", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accessrights", "value": "The author has not given permission to make the work publicly available electronically. Therefore the material can be read only at the archival workstation at Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 University Library (https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/en/workspaces/facilities/facilities#autotoc-item-autotoc-2).", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accessrights", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accessrights", "value": "Tekij\u00e4 ei ole antanut lupaa avoimeen julkaisuun, joten aineisto on luettavissa vain Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopiston kirjaston arkistoty\u00f6semalta. Ks. https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/fi/tyoskentelytilat/laitteet-ja-tilat#autotoc-item-autotoc-2.", "language": "fi", "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accessrights", "schema": "dc"}]
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