| description |
Older people themselves evaluate the components of a good quality of life as e.g. health, functional capacity, mental well-being, financial situation and social relationships. Many life changes as you get older require new choices regarding goals and ways of doing things in order to maintain quality of life. The financial situation may limit the possibilities of choices. The purpose of this master's thesis was to find out the association between the financial situation and the quality of life. Physical ability to function, resilience and frequency of meeting social contacts were studied as resource factors. The second question was to find out whether the perceived economic situation affects the association of resource factors and the quality of life.
The research data comes from the Active aging – resilience and external support and modifiers of the disability outcome (AGNES) study (2017-2018). The sample consisted of 1021 75-, 80- and 85-year-old people living at home in Jyväskylä. Respondents self-assess their financial situation (on a scale from very good to poor). Quality of life was measured with the Older People's Quality of Life (OPQOL-13, score 13-65, higher scores indicate higher quality of life), physical performance with the Short Physical Performance Battery test (SPPB) and resilience with the Connor Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC 10). Social contacts were measured by the frequency of meeting other people. The χ² test, t-test, Spearman's correlation coefficient and linear regression analysis were used as data analysis methods. The models were adjusted for age, gender, years of education, physical activity and cognition.
The perceived poor financial situation weakened the quality of life. In the group of poor financial situation, the quality of life score was 52.69 and in the group of good financial situation score was 55.54 (p<0.001). Among the resource factors, particularly good resilience (β=0.496, p<0.001 in the group with a weaker economy / β=0.543, p<0.001 in the group with a better economy) and good physical functioning (β=0.440, p<0.001 / β=0.428, p<0.001) improved the quality of life. Resilience explained a quarter (24-29%) and physical functioning a fifth (18-19%), but the number of social contacts only 2-3% of the variation in quality of life. Adjustment the analysis with control variables did not affect the results. When comparing the economic groups, it appeared that the resource factors connected to the quality of life are the same regardless of the economic situation.
The importance of resilience to quality of life suggests the need to conduct further research on the components of resilience, such as the role of personality in the ability to survive in a difficult situation. Regarding the association between social contacts and quality of life, the quantity and quality of contacts should also be investigated. The study showed that the qualities related to mental and physical functioning as part of a person's personality, agency and the possibility of autonomous activity mean more to the quality of life than the economic situation.
Ikääntyneet itse arvioivat hyvän elämänlaadun osatekijöiksi, eräänlaisiksi voimavaratekijöiksi mm. terveyden, toimintakyvyn, mielen hyvinvoinnin, taloudellisen tilanteen ja sosiaaliset suhteet. Monet elämänmuutokset vanhetessa edellyttävät uusia valintoja tavoitteiden ja toimintatapojen osalta elämänlaadun säilyttämiseksi. Taloudellinen tilanne saattaa rajoittaa valintojen mahdollisuuksia. Tämän pro gradu-tutkielman tarkoituksena oli selvittää taloudellisen tilanteen yhteyttä elämänlaatuun. Voimavaratekijöinä tutkittiin fyysistä toimintakykyä, resilienssiä ja sosiaalisten kontaktien tapaamisuseutta. Toisena kysymyksenä selvitettiin, vaikuttaako koettu taloudellinen tilanne voimavaratekijöiden yhteyteen elämänlaatuun.
Tutkimusaineistona oli Aktiivisena vanheneminen – resilienssi ja ulkoinen tuki toiminnanvajauksia modifioivina tekijöinä (AGNES)-tutkimus (2017-2018). Otoksessa oli 1021 Jyväskylässä kotonaan asuvaa 75-, 80- ja 85-vuotiasta henkilöä. Vastaajat arvioivat itse taloudellisen tilanteensa (asteikolla erittäin hyvä – heikko). Elämänlaatua mitattiin Older People’s Quality of Life-mittarilla (OPQOL-13, pistemäärä 13-65, korkeammat pisteet viittaavat korkeampaan elämänlaatuun), fyysistä toimintakykyä Short Physical Performance Battery-testillä (SPPB) ja resilienssiä Connor Davidson Resilience Scale-mittaristolla (CD-RISC 10). Sosiaalisia resursseja mitattiin sosiaalisten kontaktien tapaamisuseudella. Aineiston analyysimenetelminä käytettiin χ²-testiä, t-testiä, Spearmanin korrelaatiokerrointa ja lineaarista regressioanalyysiä. Mallit vakioitiin iällä, sukupuolella, koulutusvuosilla, fyysisellä aktiivisuudella ja kognitiolla.
Kokemus omasta heikosta taloudellisesta tilanteesta heikensi elämänlaatua. Heikomman talouden ryhmässä elämänlaadun pistemäärä oli 52,69 ja paremman talouden ryhmässä 55,54 (p<0,001). Voimavaratekijöistä erityisesti hyvä resilienssi (heikomman talouden ryhmässä β=0,496, p<0,001 / paremman talouden ryhmässä β=0,543, p<0,001) ja hyvä fyysinen toimintakyky (β=0,440, p<0,001 / β=0,428, p<0,001) paransivat elämänlaatua. Resilienssi selitti neljänneksen (24-29%) ja fyysinen toimintakyky viidenneksen (18-19 %) mutta sosiaalisten kontaktien määrä vain 2-3 % elämänlaadun vaihtelusta. Analyysin vakiointi kontrollimuuttujilla ei vaikuttanut tuloksiin. Talouden ryhmiä vertailtaessa ilmeni, että elämänlaatuun yhteydessä olevat voimavaratekijät ovat samoja taloudellisesta tilanteesta riippumatta.
Resilienssin vahvistava vaikutus elämänlaadulle viittaa tarpeeseen tehdä lisätutkimusta resilienssin osatekijöistä, kuten persoonallisuuden roolista kyvylle selviytyä vaikeassa tilanteessa. Sosiaalisten kontaktien ja elämänlaadun yhteyden osalta tulee tutkia myös kontaktien määrää ja laatua. Tutkimus osoitti, että henkiseen ja fyysiseen toimintakykyyn liittyvät ominaisuudet osana ihmisen persoonaa, toimijuutta ja mahdollisuutta autonomiseen toimintaan merkitsevät elämänlaadulle enemmän kuin taloudellinen tilanne.
|
| fullrecord |
[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Rantakokko, Merja", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Ryytty-Tuominen, Kirsti", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2024-06-03T06:36:42Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2024-06-03T06:36:42Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2024", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/95433", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Older people themselves evaluate the components of a good quality of life as e.g. health, functional capacity, mental well-being, financial situation and social relationships. Many life changes as you get older require new choices regarding goals and ways of doing things in order to maintain quality of life. The financial situation may limit the possibilities of choices. The purpose of this master's thesis was to find out the association between the financial situation and the quality of life. Physical ability to function, resilience and frequency of meeting social contacts were studied as resource factors. The second question was to find out whether the perceived economic situation affects the association of resource factors and the quality of life.\n\nThe research data comes from the Active aging \u2013 resilience and external support and modifiers of the disability outcome (AGNES) study (2017-2018). The sample consisted of 1021 75-, 80- and 85-year-old people living at home in Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4. Respondents self-assess their financial situation (on a scale from very good to poor). Quality of life was measured with the Older People's Quality of Life (OPQOL-13, score 13-65, higher scores indicate higher quality of life), physical performance with the Short Physical Performance Battery test (SPPB) and resilience with the Connor Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC 10). Social contacts were measured by the frequency of meeting other people. The \u03c7\u00b2 test, t-test, Spearman's correlation coefficient and linear regression analysis were used as data analysis methods. The models were adjusted for age, gender, years of education, physical activity and cognition.\n\nThe perceived poor financial situation weakened the quality of life. In the group of poor financial situation, the quality of life score was 52.69 and in the group of good financial situation score was 55.54 (p<0.001). Among the resource factors, particularly good resilience (\u03b2=0.496, p<0.001 in the group with a weaker economy / \u03b2=0.543, p<0.001 in the group with a better economy) and good physical functioning (\u03b2=0.440, p<0.001 / \u03b2=0.428, p<0.001) improved the quality of life. Resilience explained a quarter (24-29%) and physical functioning a fifth (18-19%), but the number of social contacts only 2-3% of the variation in quality of life. Adjustment the analysis with control variables did not affect the results. When comparing the economic groups, it appeared that the resource factors connected to the quality of life are the same regardless of the economic situation.\n\nThe importance of resilience to quality of life suggests the need to conduct further research on the components of resilience, such as the role of personality in the ability to survive in a difficult situation. Regarding the association between social contacts and quality of life, the quantity and quality of contacts should also be investigated. The study showed that the qualities related to mental and physical functioning as part of a person's personality, agency and the possibility of autonomous activity mean more to the quality of life than the economic situation.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Ik\u00e4\u00e4ntyneet itse arvioivat hyv\u00e4n el\u00e4m\u00e4nlaadun osatekij\u00f6iksi, er\u00e4\u00e4nlaisiksi voimavaratekij\u00f6iksi mm. terveyden, toimintakyvyn, mielen hyvinvoinnin, taloudellisen tilanteen ja sosiaaliset suhteet. Monet el\u00e4m\u00e4nmuutokset vanhetessa edellytt\u00e4v\u00e4t uusia valintoja tavoitteiden ja toimintatapojen osalta el\u00e4m\u00e4nlaadun s\u00e4ilytt\u00e4miseksi. Taloudellinen tilanne saattaa rajoittaa valintojen mahdollisuuksia. T\u00e4m\u00e4n pro gradu-tutkielman tarkoituksena oli selvitt\u00e4\u00e4 taloudellisen tilanteen yhteytt\u00e4 el\u00e4m\u00e4nlaatuun. Voimavaratekij\u00f6in\u00e4 tutkittiin fyysist\u00e4 toimintakyky\u00e4, resilienssi\u00e4 ja sosiaalisten kontaktien tapaamisuseutta. Toisena kysymyksen\u00e4 selvitettiin, vaikuttaako koettu taloudellinen tilanne voimavaratekij\u00f6iden yhteyteen el\u00e4m\u00e4nlaatuun.\n\nTutkimusaineistona oli Aktiivisena vanheneminen \u2013 resilienssi ja ulkoinen tuki toiminnanvajauksia modifioivina tekij\u00f6in\u00e4 (AGNES)-tutkimus (2017-2018). Otoksessa oli 1021 Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4ss\u00e4 kotonaan asuvaa 75-, 80- ja 85-vuotiasta henkil\u00f6\u00e4. Vastaajat arvioivat itse taloudellisen tilanteensa (asteikolla eritt\u00e4in hyv\u00e4 \u2013 heikko). El\u00e4m\u00e4nlaatua mitattiin Older People\u2019s Quality of Life-mittarilla (OPQOL-13, pistem\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4 13-65, korkeammat pisteet viittaavat korkeampaan el\u00e4m\u00e4nlaatuun), fyysist\u00e4 toimintakyky\u00e4 Short Physical Performance Battery-testill\u00e4 (SPPB) ja resilienssi\u00e4 Connor Davidson Resilience Scale-mittaristolla (CD-RISC 10). Sosiaalisia resursseja mitattiin sosiaalisten kontaktien tapaamisuseudella. Aineiston analyysimenetelmin\u00e4 k\u00e4ytettiin \u03c7\u00b2-testi\u00e4, t-testi\u00e4, Spearmanin korrelaatiokerrointa ja lineaarista regressioanalyysi\u00e4. Mallit vakioitiin i\u00e4ll\u00e4, sukupuolella, koulutusvuosilla, fyysisell\u00e4 aktiivisuudella ja kognitiolla.\n\nKokemus omasta heikosta taloudellisesta tilanteesta heikensi el\u00e4m\u00e4nlaatua. Heikomman talouden ryhm\u00e4ss\u00e4 el\u00e4m\u00e4nlaadun pistem\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4 oli 52,69 ja paremman talouden ryhm\u00e4ss\u00e4 55,54 (p<0,001). Voimavaratekij\u00f6ist\u00e4 erityisesti hyv\u00e4 resilienssi (heikomman talouden ryhm\u00e4ss\u00e4 \u03b2=0,496, p<0,001 / paremman talouden ryhm\u00e4ss\u00e4 \u03b2=0,543, p<0,001) ja hyv\u00e4 fyysinen toimintakyky (\u03b2=0,440, p<0,001 / \u03b2=0,428, p<0,001) paransivat el\u00e4m\u00e4nlaatua. Resilienssi selitti nelj\u00e4nneksen (24-29%) ja fyysinen toimintakyky viidenneksen (18-19 %) mutta sosiaalisten kontaktien m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4 vain 2-3 % el\u00e4m\u00e4nlaadun vaihtelusta. Analyysin vakiointi kontrollimuuttujilla ei vaikuttanut tuloksiin. Talouden ryhmi\u00e4 vertailtaessa ilmeni, ett\u00e4 el\u00e4m\u00e4nlaatuun yhteydess\u00e4 olevat voimavaratekij\u00e4t ovat samoja taloudellisesta tilanteesta riippumatta. \n\nResilienssin vahvistava vaikutus el\u00e4m\u00e4nlaadulle viittaa tarpeeseen tehd\u00e4 lis\u00e4tutkimusta resilienssin osatekij\u00f6ist\u00e4, kuten persoonallisuuden roolista kyvylle selviyty\u00e4 vaikeassa tilanteessa. Sosiaalisten kontaktien ja el\u00e4m\u00e4nlaadun yhteyden osalta tulee tutkia my\u00f6s kontaktien m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4\u00e4 ja laatua. Tutkimus osoitti, ett\u00e4 henkiseen ja fyysiseen toimintakykyyn liittyv\u00e4t ominaisuudet osana ihmisen persoonaa, toimijuutta ja mahdollisuutta autonomiseen toimintaan merkitsev\u00e4t el\u00e4m\u00e4nlaadulle enemm\u00e4n kuin taloudellinen tilanne.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by Paivi Vuorio (paelvuor@jyu.fi) on 2024-06-03T06:36:42Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 0", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2024-06-03T06:36:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0\n Previous issue date: 2024", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "47", "language": "", "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "fin", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Taloudellisen tilanteen ja voimavaratekij\u00f6iden yhteys el\u00e4m\u00e4nlaatuun i\u00e4kk\u00e4ill\u00e4 ihmisill\u00e4.", "language": "", "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202406034199", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Liikuntatieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Sport and Health Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Liikunta- ja terveystieteet", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Gerontology and Public Health", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Gerontologia ja kansanterveys", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.funding", "value": "0", "language": "", "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "funding", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "openAccess", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.oppiainekoodi", "value": "50423", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "oppiainekoodi", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "sosioekonominen asema", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "el\u00e4m\u00e4nlaatu", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "ik\u00e4\u00e4ntyneet", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "hyvinvointi", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "ik\u00e4\u00e4ntyminen", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "resurssit", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "resilienssi", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "itsearviointi", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": "https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "url", "schema": "dc"}]
|