Performing normative power analysing speech acts in the European Parliament debate on the murder of Jamal Khashoggi

In this master’s thesis I examined what kind of values were emphasised in the European Union’s (EU) response on the murder of Saudi journalist and dissident Jamal Khashoggi. My aim was to analyse the European Parliament (EP) debate on the murder, and to find out the emerging values, as well as the i...

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Main Author: Heikkinen, Anna-Sofia
Other Authors: Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Humanistis-yhteiskuntatieteellinen tiedekunta, Department of Social Sciences and Philosophy, Yhteiskuntatieteiden ja filosofian laitos, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylän yliopisto
Format: Master's thesis
Language:eng
Published: 2024
Subjects:
Online Access: https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/95241
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author Heikkinen, Anna-Sofia
author2 Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences Humanistis-yhteiskuntatieteellinen tiedekunta Department of Social Sciences and Philosophy Yhteiskuntatieteiden ja filosofian laitos University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylän yliopisto
author_facet Heikkinen, Anna-Sofia Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences Humanistis-yhteiskuntatieteellinen tiedekunta Department of Social Sciences and Philosophy Yhteiskuntatieteiden ja filosofian laitos University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylän yliopisto Heikkinen, Anna-Sofia Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences Humanistis-yhteiskuntatieteellinen tiedekunta Department of Social Sciences and Philosophy Yhteiskuntatieteiden ja filosofian laitos University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylän yliopisto
author_sort Heikkinen, Anna-Sofia
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description In this master’s thesis I examined what kind of values were emphasised in the European Union’s (EU) response on the murder of Saudi journalist and dissident Jamal Khashoggi. My aim was to analyse the European Parliament (EP) debate on the murder, and to find out the emerging values, as well as the issues raised in the debate regarding normativity and these values. Additionally, I examined if it can be understood that the EU had a strong normative and coherent response to the murder case. I conducted my research in the framework of normative power Europe theory. First introduced by Ian Manners, this theory considers the EU as primarily a normative power actor, thus striving to create and implement norms in world politics. Supposedly it is these norms and values that direct its (external) policies. As my method I used speech act theory by John Austin, where uttering performative speech acts is actually performing the action, not only describing or reporting it. I analysed the different speech acts used in the EP debate, and their normative effect: what kind of values and norms they emphasised, and did they contribute to a coordinated normative response to the murder. It is my understanding that this is the first time that the EU’s response to this specific murder case is studied through speech act theory. The most important themes to emerge in the analysis were a call for an embargo and ‘European values’. Generally, the consensus was clearly to condemn the murder and the blame was mostly laid on Saudi Arabia, despite some internal contradictions and differing understanding of these European values. Most speakers were calling for the EU to enforce an arms embargo and/or otherwise limit its ties with Saudi Arabia, thus calling for it to take normative action. Even if a Union-wide embargo ultimately did not happen, in the vein of Austin’s theory, calling for one is an action in itself – thus resulting in an arguably normative and relatively coherent response. Tässä maisterintutkielmassa tarkastelin, millaisia arvoja painotettiin Euroopan unionin (EU) reaktiossa sauditoimittaja ja toisinajattelija Jamal Khashoggin murhaan. Tavoitteenani oli analysoida Euroopan parlamentin (EP) täysistunnon keskustelua murhaan liittyen ja selvittää, mitä arvoja keskustelussa nostettiin esiin, ja millaisia ongelmia niihin sekä EU:n normatiivisuuteen liittyy. Lisäksi tutkin, voidaanko väittää, että EU:n reaktio murhatapaukseen oli vahva, normatiivinen ja yhtenäinen. Tein tutkimukseni normatiivisen vallan Euroopan teorian viitekehyksessä. Ian Mannersin ensimmäisenä esittelemä teoria pitää EU:ta ensisijaisesti normatiivisena valtatoimijana, joka pyrkii luomaan ja toteuttamaan normeja kansain- välisessä politiikassa. Oletettavasti nämä normit ja arvot ohjaavat sen (ulko)politiikkaa. Analyysimenetelmänä käytin John Austinin puheaktiteoriaa, jonka mukaan performatiivisten puheaktien lausuminen on itse asiassa toiminnan suorittamista. Analysoin parlamentin keskustelussa käytettyjä erilaisia puheakteja ja niiden normatiivista vaikutusta: millaisia arvoja ja normeja ne korostivat, ja edistivätkö ne yhtenäistä normatiivista reaktiota murhaan. Käsittääkseni tämä on ensimmäinen kerta, kun EU:n reaktiota tähän nimenomaiseen murhatapaukseen tutkitaan puheaktiteorian avulla. Tärkeimmät analyysissä esiin nousseet teemat olivat asevientikielto ja ‘eurooppalaiset arvot’. Yleisesti murha tuomittiin yksimielisesti, ja siitä syytettiin enimmäkseen Saudi-Arabiaa, huolimatta joistakin sisäisistä ristiriidoista ja näiden eurooppalaisten arvojen erilaisesta ymmärtämisestä. Useimmat puhujat vaativat EU:ta asettamaan asevientikiellon ja/tai muutoin rajoittamaan suhteitaan Saudi-Arabiaan, ja siten vaativat EU:lta normatiivisia toimia. Vaikka unionin laajuista asevientikieltoa ei lopulta asetettu, Austinin teorian mukaisesti sellaisen vaatiminen on jo teko sinänsä – mikä kieltämättä tarkoittaa reaktion olleen normatiivinen ja suhteellisen yhtenäinen.
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spellingShingle Heikkinen, Anna-Sofia Performing normative power : analysing speech acts in the European Parliament debate on the murder of Jamal Khashoggi speech act theory Jamal Khashoggi normative power Europe EU arms trade Political Science Valtio-oppi 208 puheakti normatiivisuus arvot (käsitykset) speech act normativity values (conceptions)
title Performing normative power : analysing speech acts in the European Parliament debate on the murder of Jamal Khashoggi
title_full Performing normative power : analysing speech acts in the European Parliament debate on the murder of Jamal Khashoggi
title_fullStr Performing normative power : analysing speech acts in the European Parliament debate on the murder of Jamal Khashoggi Performing normative power : analysing speech acts in the European Parliament debate on the murder of Jamal Khashoggi
title_full_unstemmed Performing normative power : analysing speech acts in the European Parliament debate on the murder of Jamal Khashoggi Performing normative power : analysing speech acts in the European Parliament debate on the murder of Jamal Khashoggi
title_short Performing normative power
title_sort performing normative power analysing speech acts in the european parliament debate on the murder of jamal khashoggi
title_sub analysing speech acts in the European Parliament debate on the murder of Jamal Khashoggi
title_txtP Performing normative power : analysing speech acts in the European Parliament debate on the murder of Jamal Khashoggi
topic speech act theory Jamal Khashoggi normative power Europe EU arms trade Political Science Valtio-oppi 208 puheakti normatiivisuus arvot (käsitykset) speech act normativity values (conceptions)
topic_facet 208 EU arms trade Jamal Khashoggi Political Science Valtio-oppi arvot (käsitykset) normatiivisuus normative power Europe normativity puheakti speech act speech act theory values (conceptions)
url https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/95241 http://www.urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202405274004
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