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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Hulmi, Juha", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Tiainen, Esko", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2024-04-18T06:06:22Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2024-04-18T06:06:22Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2024", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/94370", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "T\u00e4m\u00e4n pro gradu -tutkielman tarkoituksena on selvitt\u00e4\u00e4 voimaharjoittelun, voimaharjoittelutauon ja uudelleenharjoittelun vaikutukset lihastumam\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4\u00e4n ja lihassolukokoon. T\u00e4m\u00e4n lis\u00e4ksi tutkielmassa tarkastellaan lihastumam\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4n ja sen mahdollisen muutoksen vuorovaikutusta sek\u00e4 lihassolukokoon, lihassolupiiriin ett\u00e4 niiden mahdollisiin muutoksiin.\n\nLihassolut sis\u00e4lt\u00e4v\u00e4t lukuisia tumia eli lihastumia, joista kukin sis\u00e4lt\u00e4\u00e4 yksil\u00f6n perim\u00e4n. Koska perim\u00e4ss\u00e4 sijaitsee ohjeet proteiinien ja proteiineja valmistavan koneiston rakentamiselle, on lihastumien ajateltu liittyv\u00e4n sek\u00e4 lihassolu- ett\u00e4 lihaskoon s\u00e4\u00e4telyyn. On todettu, ett\u00e4 lihassolun lihastumam\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4 korreloi lihassolukokoon ennen voimaharjoittelua. T\u00e4m\u00e4n lis\u00e4ksi lihastumam\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4n kasvun on havaittu korreloivan lihassolukoon kasvuun. On havaittu, ett\u00e4 lihastumam\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4n muutokseen voisi vaikuttaa lihassolukokoa enemm\u00e4n lihassolujen piiri. Lihastumam\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4n ja lihassolukoon v\u00e4lisist\u00e4 yhteyksist\u00e4 on v\u00e4h\u00e4n tutkimusn\u00e4ytt\u00f6\u00e4 sek\u00e4 voimaharjoittelutauon ett\u00e4 uudelleenharjoittelun osalta. Lis\u00e4ksi lihastumam\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4n ja lihassolupiirin v\u00e4lisest\u00e4 mahdollisesta yhteydest\u00e4 ei ole n\u00e4ilt\u00e4 jaksoilta tutkimusn\u00e4ytt\u00f6\u00e4. \n\nT\u00e4ss\u00e4 tutkimuksessa tutkittavat (n = 9) suorittivat voimaharjoittelujakson, sen j\u00e4lkeisen voimaharjoittelutauon ja lopuksi uudelleenharjoittelujakson, kukin kestoltaan 10-viikkoa. Sek\u00e4 lihassolu- ett\u00e4 lihaskokoa mitattiin ulommasta reisilihaksesta lihassolun\u00e4ytteell\u00e4 ja ultra\u00e4\u00e4nell\u00e4 kunkin jakson alussa ja lopussa. J\u00e4\u00e4dytetyist\u00e4 lihassolun\u00e4ytteist\u00e4 leikattiin leikkeit\u00e4, joille tehtiin immunofluoresenssiv\u00e4rj\u00e4ykset ja sitten kuvannettiin konfokaalimikroskoopilla. Immunofluoresenssiv\u00e4rj\u00e4yksell\u00e4 m\u00e4\u00e4ritettiin lihassolujen m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4, koko, piiri ja lihastumam\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4 hy\u00f6dynt\u00e4m\u00e4ll\u00e4 sek\u00e4 semiautomaattisia ett\u00e4 manuaalisia menetelmi\u00e4. Tilastollisen merkitsevyyden rajaksi asetettiin p < 0.05.\n\nLihastumam\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4 ei muuttunut tilastollisesti merkitsev\u00e4sti voimaharjoittelun, voimaharjoittelutauon tai uudelleenharjoittelun j\u00e4lkeen. Lihas- ja lihassolukoko kasvoivat voimaharjoittelun j\u00e4lkeen, mutta vain lihaskoko uudelleenharjoittelun j\u00e4lkeen. Lihastumam\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4n absoluuttinen muutos korreloi lihassolukoon absoluuttiseen muutokseen vain uudelleenharjoittelujaksolla. Voimaharjoittelutauko ei palauttanut lihassolu- ja lihaskokoa l\u00e4ht\u00f6tasolle ennen voimaharjoittelua. Lihassolujen piiri per lihastuma pysyi muuttumattomana, kuten my\u00f6s lihastumam\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4\u00e4n suhteutettu lihassolukoko. \n\nLihastumam\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4n tilastollisesti merkitsev\u00e4n muutoksen puute voimaharjoittelun j\u00e4lkeen antaa viitteit\u00e4 siit\u00e4, ett\u00e4 suurikin suhteellinen lihassolukoon muutos voi tapahtua ilman lihastumien m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4n kasvua. Toisaalta, koska sek\u00e4 lihassolukoko ett\u00e4 lihassolupiiri per lihastuma eiv\u00e4t muuttuneet tutkimuksen aikana, ei kummankaan mahdollista osallisuutta lihastumam\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4n s\u00e4\u00e4telyss\u00e4 voida poissulkea. T\u00e4m\u00e4n tutkimuksen perusteella lihasmuistista ja sen mahdollisista muuttujayhteyksist\u00e4 ei voida tehd\u00e4 tulkintoja, sill\u00e4 lihassolu- ja lihassolukoko eiv\u00e4t palanneet l\u00e4ht\u00f6tasolle tai sen alle voimaharjoittelutauon j\u00e4lkeen.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "The aim of this thesis is to examine the effects of resistance training, detraining, and retraining on myonuclear content and myofiber cross-sectional area in human skeletal muscle. Furthermore, the association of myonuclear content and its plausible changes in both myofiber cross-sectional area, myofiber perimeter size and their plausible changes are investigated.\n\nMyofibers contain a myriad of myonuclei, each of which holds the genetic information of an individual. Since the instructions to synthesize proteins and their building machinery reside within the genome, an increase in myonuclear content (MC) has been proposed to be involved in the regulation of both myofiber and muscle growth. It has been observed that the MC of a myofiber correlates with the myofiber cross-sectional area (CSA) before resistance training. Additionally, an increase in MC has been observed to correlate with increases in myofiber CSA. Moreover, it has been postulated that mean perimeter size of the myofibers could affect MC more than the CSA. Little evidence exists on the relationship between MC and CSA changes after both detraining and retraining. Furthermore, no evidence exists on the relationship between MC and perimeter size from these same phases. \n\nIn this study, all the participants (n = 9) completed a resistance training phase, followed by a detraining phase, and lastly a retraining phase, each lasting 10-weeks. Both myofiber and muscle size were measured from the m. vastus lateralis both before and after each phase using muscle biopsies and ultrasound, respectively. Frozen muscle samples were cut into myosections and then handled with immunohistochemical staining, after which imaging was performed with a confocal microscope. Immunohistochemical staining enabled the quantification of myofiber count, CSA, perimeter and the myonuclei within the cells using both semiautomated and manual methods. The threshold for statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.\n\nMC did not statistically change after resistance training, detraining, or retraining. Both muscle and myofiber CSA increased after resistance training, of which only muscle CSA increased after retraining. Absolute MC changes correlated with the absolute myofiber CSA changes only after retraining. Detraining did not decrease myofiber and muscle CSA back to baseline before retraining. Additionally, both the perimeter size per myonucleus and myonuclear domain size remained unchanged throughout the intervention. \n\nThe lack of statistically significant change in MC after resistance training could indicate that even a large relative increase in myofiber CSA can occur without increases in MC. However, since both myonuclear domain size and mean perimeter size of myofibers remained unchanged, their plausible associations as MC regulators cannot be excluded. Based on this study, no observations can be made regarding skeletal muscle memory and its plausibly associated variables related to it as the CSAs of myofiber and muscle did not decrease back to or below baseline levels after detraining.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by Paivi Vuorio (paelvuor@jyu.fi) on 2024-04-18T06:06:21Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 0", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2024-04-18T06:06:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0\n Previous issue date: 2024", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "78", "language": "", "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "eng", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "resistance training", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "detraining", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "retraining", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "myonuclear content", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "myofiber cross-sectional area", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "voimaharjoittelutauko", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "uudelleenharjoittelu", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "lihastumam\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "lihassolun poikkipinta-ala", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Effects of resistance training, detraining, and retraining on myonuclear content and myofiber cross-sectional area in human skeletal muscle", "language": null, "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202404182987", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Liikuntatieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Sport and Health Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Liikunta- ja terveystieteet", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Exercise Physiology", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Liikuntafysiologia", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.funding", "value": "0", "language": "", "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "funding", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.copyright", "value": "\u00a9 The Author(s)", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "copyright", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "restrictedAccess", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.oppiainekoodi", "value": "5011", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "oppiainekoodi", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "voimaharjoittelu", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "kantasolut", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "lihassolut", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "harjoittelu", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "fysiologia", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "strength training", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "stem cells", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "muscle cells", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "training", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "physiology", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.content", "value": "fulltext", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "content", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": "https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "url", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accessrights", "value": "The author has not given permission to make the work publicly available electronically. Therefore the material can be read only at the archival workstation at Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 University Library (https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/en/workspaces/facilities/facilities#autotoc-item-autotoc-2).", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accessrights", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accessrights", "value": "Tekij\u00e4 ei ole antanut lupaa avoimeen julkaisuun, joten aineisto on luettavissa vain Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopiston kirjaston arkistoty\u00f6semalta. Ks. https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/fi/tyoskentelytilat/laitteet-ja-tilat#autotoc-item-autotoc-2.", "language": "fi", "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accessrights", "schema": "dc"}]
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