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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Taskinen, Sara", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "K\u00e4rkk\u00e4inen, Salme", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Yl\u00e4j\u00e4rvi, Antti", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2023-06-14T10:10:30Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2023-06-14T10:10:30Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2023", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/87761", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Neuroverkkojen sovellukset ovat yleistyneet viimeisen kymmenen vuoden aikana. Nykyisin neuroverkkoja sovelletaan useilla aloilla, kuten l\u00e4\u00e4ketieteellisess\u00e4 kuvantamisessa ja diagnostiikassa tai itseohjautuvissa autoissa, joilla ennusteen lis\u00e4ksi tieto t\u00e4m\u00e4n uskottavuudesta voi olla kriittist\u00e4. Robustisuus ja ep\u00e4varmuuden luotettava kvantifiointi on t\u00e4rke\u00e4\u00e4 my\u00f6s muilla sovellusaloilla erityisesti, kun datan volyymi voi ajaa virheiden kumulatiiviset kustannukset merkitt\u00e4viksi. On kuitenkin todettu, ettei esimerkiksi neuroverkkojen ennustamia todenn\u00e4k\u00f6isyyksi\u00e4 voida yleisesti pit\u00e4\u00e4 luotettavina mittoina ennusteeseen liittyv\u00e4lle ep\u00e4varmuudelle.\n\nNeuroverkkojen ennusteen ep\u00e4varmuuden kvantifioimiseksi ja robustisuuden parantamiseksi on kirjallisuudessa esitetty kymmeni\u00e4 erilaisia menetelmi\u00e4. Yksi tutkimussuunta on neuroverkon ja Gaussisen prosessin yhdist\u00e4v\u00e4t menetelm\u00e4t. Gaussiset prosessit ovat joustavia parametrittomia Bayesil\u00e4isi\u00e4 malleja, jotka voidaan yhdist\u00e4\u00e4 neuroverkkoon k\u00e4yt\u00e4nn\u00f6ss\u00e4 kajoamatta alkuper\u00e4iseen malliin tai t\u00e4m\u00e4n arkkitehtuuriin. Menetelmien eduksi voidaan lukea ennusteen saaminen piste-estimaatin sijaan jakaumana, mik\u00e4 mahdollistaa my\u00f6s varianssin hy\u00f6dynt\u00e4misen ep\u00e4varmuutta\nkoskevassa p\u00e4\u00e4ttelyss\u00e4.\n\nT\u00e4ss\u00e4 tutkielmassa esitell\u00e4\u00e4n kaksi verrattain uutta kirjallisuudessa esitetty\u00e4 Gaussisen prosessin ja neuroverkon yhdist\u00e4v\u00e4\u00e4 menetelm\u00e4\u00e4 sek\u00e4 tarkastellaan, voidaanko n\u00e4ill\u00e4 parantaa Transformer -neuroverkon robustisuutta ja ep\u00e4varmuuden kvantifioinnin luotettavuutta. Menetelmi\u00e4 tarkastellaan luonnollisen kielen k\u00e4sittelyyn liittyv\u00e4ss\u00e4 teht\u00e4v\u00e4ss\u00e4, miss\u00e4 neuroverkkona k\u00e4ytet\u00e4\u00e4n Googlen tutkijaryhm\u00e4n kehitt\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4, Transformer -arkkitehtuuriin perustuvaa, BERT-mallia. Tutkielmassa osoitettiin BERT-mallin olevan verrattain robusti. Mallin suorituskyky\u00e4 todettiin kuitenkin\nvoitavan parantaa Gaussista prosessia lis\u00e4ksi soveltamalla. Merkitt\u00e4vimm\u00e4t hy\u00f6dyt todettiin poikkeavien havaintojen tunnistamisessa, miss\u00e4 Gaussisella prosessilla ennusteelle saatava varianssi osoittautui selv\u00e4sti ennustevoimaisimmaksi mitaksi.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by Paivi Vuorio (paelvuor@jyu.fi) on 2023-06-14T10:10:30Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 0", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2023-06-14T10:10:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0\n Previous issue date: 2023", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "61", "language": "", "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "fin", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "luonnollisen kielen k\u00e4sittely", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Transformer -neuroverkon robustisuuden parantaminen Gaussisen prosessin ja neuroverkon yhdist\u00e4vill\u00e4 menetelmill\u00e4", "language": "", "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202306143826", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Matematiikan ja tilastotieteen laitos", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Department of Mathematics and Statistics", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Tilastotiede", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Statistics", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.funding", "value": "0", "language": "", "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "funding", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.copyright", "value": "\u00a9 The Author(s)", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "copyright", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "openAccess", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.oppiainekoodi", "value": "4043", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "oppiainekoodi", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "neuroverkot", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "matematiikka", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "ennusteet", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "gaussiset prosessit", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "ep\u00e4varmuus", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "tilastotiede", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "tilastomenetelm\u00e4t", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": "https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "url", "schema": "dc"}]
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