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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Tiirola, Marja", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Ruuhilehto, Elina", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Autio, Virpi", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Parviainen, Siiri", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Sundstr\u00f6m, Max", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2023-02-06T06:39:52Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2023-02-06T06:39:52Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2022", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/85353", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Maaliskuusta 2020 l\u00e4htien SARS-CoV-2-virus on ollut osana jokaisen ihmisen \narkip\u00e4iv\u00e4\u00e4. Pandemian aikana virus on muuntunut uusiksi virusvarianteiksi, \njotka ovat vuorollaan olleet aikansa valtavariantteja. Pandemian etenemist\u00e4 on \nseurattu monilla menetelmill\u00e4. Yhdeksi lupaavaksi seurantamenetelm\u00e4ksi on \nosoittautunut j\u00e4tevesiseuranta. Tutkimusten mukaan SARS-CoV-2-infektion \nsaaneet henkil\u00f6t eritt\u00e4v\u00e4t virus-RNA:ta ulosteeseensa ja t\u00e4m\u00e4 p\u00e4\u00e4tyy j\u00e4tevesiin.\nT\u00e4ll\u00f6in tutkimalla j\u00e4tevesien virus-RNA:n m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4\u00e4 voidaan seurata infektioiden \nm\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4\u00e4 v\u00e4est\u00f6ss\u00e4. T\u00e4ss\u00e4 kandidaatin tutkielmassa tutkitaan j\u00e4tevesien \nsis\u00e4lt\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4 SARS-CoV-2-viruksen m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4\u00e4 Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n j\u00e4tevedess\u00e4 ja lis\u00e4ksi\npositiivisia SARS-CoV-2-nen\u00e4nielun\u00e4ytteit\u00e4. J\u00e4tevesin\u00e4ytteist\u00e4 tutkittiin SARS CoV-2-positiivisuus ja n\u00e4ytteist\u00e4 sekvensoitiin yksi Ion Torrent -menetelm\u00e4ll\u00e4.\nPotilasn\u00e4ytteit\u00e4 oli eri aikapisteist\u00e4 ja niiden perusteella selvitettiin, mit\u00e4 \nvirusvariantteja Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4ss\u00e4 on esiintynyt pandemian aikana. Potilasn\u00e4ytteet \nsekvensoitiin Sanger-sekvensoinnilla. J\u00e4tevesin\u00e4ytteiden SARS-CoV-2-\nosoituksen my\u00f6t\u00e4 saatiin selville Cq-arvo, joka voidaan muuntaa viruskopioiden \nm\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4ksi j\u00e4tevedess\u00e4 muunnoskaavaa hy\u00f6dynt\u00e4en. T\u00e4h\u00e4n tietoon yhdistettiin \nTerveyden ja hyvinvoinnin laitoksen (THL) COVID-19-pandemia dataa ja \nj\u00e4tevesipuhdistamon virtaamatietoja. Lineaarinen sekamalli rakennettiin \nennustamaan viruskopioiden m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4\u00e4 j\u00e4tevedess\u00e4 ja t\u00e4m\u00e4n mallin ennustajiksi \nvalikoitiin mitattu fluoresenssi qPCR-osoituksessa, tehohoidossa olleet potilaat \nCOVID-19 kanssa ja takia ja SARS-CoV-2-tapausm\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4t. Lis\u00e4ksi t\u00e4m\u00e4n\ntutkimuksen tuottamalle viruskopioiden m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4lle j\u00e4tevedess\u00e4 tehtiin \nvirtaamakorjaus. T\u00e4t\u00e4 tietoa verrattiin THL:n tuottamaan virtaamakorjatun\nRNA:n m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4\u00e4n j\u00e4tevedess\u00e4 n\u00e4ytteenottop\u00e4ivin\u00e4 Wilcoxonin testin avulla, jonka \nmukaan THL:n t\u00e4m\u00e4n tutkimuksen tulosten v\u00e4lill\u00e4 on tilastollisesti merkitt\u00e4v\u00e4 \nero. T\u00e4m\u00e4n tutkimuksen saamat virtaamakorjatun RNA-arvot ovat keskim\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4n \n10-kertaa suurempia kuin THL:n tulokset. Tutkielman tulosten perusteella \ntulevaisuudessa j\u00e4tevedess\u00e4 olevan virus-RNA:n m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4\u00e4 voitaisiin ennustaa \nTHL:n tuottaman datan avulla k\u00e4ytt\u00e4en tietoa tilastoiduista tapauksista. T\u00e4ll\u00f6in \nmalli kertoo, paljon v\u00e4est\u00f6ss\u00e4 on tilastoituja ja tilastoimattomia tapauksia\nperustuen virusm\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4\u00e4n j\u00e4tevedess\u00e4. Regressiomallien R2-arvot ovat kuitenkin \nalhaisia mallinnettaessa COVID-19-dataa, mik\u00e4 pit\u00e4\u00e4 ottaa huomioon tehdess\u00e4 \ntulosten tulkintoja.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic many methods have been used to \nmonitor the progress of the pandemic and the current variants circulating the \npopulation. Wastewater has proven to be one of the most promising monitoring \nmethods. Studies have shown that people infected with SARS-CoV-2 excrete \nviral RNA into sewage water. In this case, the level of viral RNA in wastewater \ncan be used to monitor the level of infection in the population. This bachelor \nthesis investigates the amount of SARS-CoV-2 virus in wastewater in the \ntreatment plant of Nen\u00e4inniemi, Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 and positive SARS-CoV-2 \nnasopharyngeal samples from patients. Positive sewage samples were sequenced \nunsuccessfully. Patient samples were taken at different time points to determine \nwhich virus variants were present in Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 during the pandemic and the\nsamples were sequenced. The original intention was to compare the results of the \nnasopharyngeal sample sequences with the sequences obtained from wastewater \nsamples. However, this could not be achieved. The detection of SARS-CoV-2 in \nwastewater samples provided a Cq-value that can be converted to the number of \nvirus copies in wastewater using a transformation formula. This data was then\ncombined with COVID-19 data from the National Institute for Health and \nWelfare (THL) and flow rates of the wastewater treatment plant. A linear mixed \nmodel was fitted to predict the number of viral copies in the effluent and the \npredictors of this model were selected based on information criteria. Predictors \nselected were measured fluorescence in qPCR assay, ICU patients with COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2 case counts. The viral copy number in the wastewater \nproduced by this study was flow corrected and this data was compared with the \nflow corrected RNA in the wastewater on the sampling days produced by THL \nusing the Wilcoxon\u2019s test. The result was that there is a statistically significant \ndifference between the results from THL and the results of this study. When \ncomparing the flow corrected values of this study with THL\u2019s, the values were \naveragely ten times higher in this study. This study found that the amount of \nviral RNA in wastewater could be predicted in the future using data generated \nby THL and by using information from confirmed cases. This will help in \nmonitoring the pandemic. However, R2 values of the regression models are lower\nwhen modeling COVID-19 data, which must be considered when interpreting \nthe results.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by Paivi Vuorio (paelvuor@jyu.fi) on 2023-02-06T06:39:52Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 0", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2023-02-06T06:39:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0\n Previous issue date: 2022", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "81", "language": "", "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "fin", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "lineaarinen sekamalli", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "virusvariantti", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "SARS-CoV-2-virus Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4ss\u00e4 j\u00e4tevesiseurannan perusteella", "language": "", "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "bachelor thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202302061634", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Bachelor's thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Kandidaatinty\u00f6", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Bio- ja ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6tieteiden laitos", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Department of Biological and Environmental Science", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Solu- ja molekyylibiologia", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Cell and molecular biology", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.funding", "value": "0", "language": "", "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "funding", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "openAccess", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "bachelorThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.oppiainekoodi", "value": "4013", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "oppiainekoodi", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "virologia", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "j\u00e4tevesi", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "virukset", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "tutkimus", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "j\u00e4teveden k\u00e4sittely", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "pandemiat", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "j\u00e4tevedenpuhdistamot", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "sekvensointi", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "COVID-19", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "tartuntataudit", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": "https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "url", "schema": "dc"}]
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