| fullrecord |
[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Sillanp\u00e4\u00e4, Elina", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Pollari, Aapo", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2023-01-13T06:15:03Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2023-01-13T06:15:03Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2023", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/84972", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Sarkopenia, eli lihasmassan, voiman ja toimintakyvyn heikentyminen on yleinen ik\u00e4\u00e4ntyv\u00e4\u00e4 v\u00e4est\u00f6\u00e4 koskeva luustolihassairaus. Sarkopenian on todettu olevan yhteydess\u00e4 lukuisiin terveyshaittoihin sek\u00e4 aiheuttavan yhteiskunnalle merkitt\u00e4vi\u00e4 sosiaalisia ja taloudellisia kustannuksia. Sarkopenia on monitekij\u00e4inen ilmi\u00f6, jonka takana olevia biologisia mekanismeja ei viel\u00e4 t\u00e4ysin ymm\u00e4rret\u00e4. Epigeneettisell\u00e4 s\u00e4\u00e4telyll\u00e4 saattaa olla merkitt\u00e4v\u00e4 rooli useiden sairauksien, ja mahdollisesti my\u00f6s sarkopenian kehittymisess\u00e4. Epigeneettiset tekij\u00e4t vaikuttavat geenien toimintaan muuttamatta DNA:n em\u00e4sj\u00e4rjestyst\u00e4. Epigeneettiset muutokset ovat keskeisi\u00e4 ik\u00e4\u00e4ntymisen tunnusmerkkej\u00e4. Tutkituin epigeneettinen mekanismi on DNA:n metylaatio. Tiettyjen DNA-ketjun metylaatiotasojen muutoksien on havaittu korreloivan voimakkaasti kronologisen i\u00e4n kanssa. Havaintojen pohjalta tutkijat ovat kehitt\u00e4neet niin sanottuja epigeneettisi\u00e4 kelloja, jotka laskevat henkil\u00f6n epigeneettisen i\u00e4n tai epigeneettisen ik\u00e4\u00e4ntymisnopeuden metylaation perusteella. Epigeneettisen ik\u00e4\u00e4ntymisnopeuden mittaaminen voi tarjota mahdollisuuden l\u00f6yt\u00e4\u00e4 vastauksia sille, miksi jotkin ihmiset ik\u00e4\u00e4ntyv\u00e4t nopeammin kuin toiset, ja my\u00f6s tunnistaa sarkopenian riskiss\u00e4 olevat henkil\u00f6t jo varhaisessa vaiheessa. T\u00e4m\u00e4n pro gradu -tutkielman tarkoituksena oli selvitt\u00e4\u00e4, onko epigeneettinen ik\u00e4\u00e4ntymisnopeus yhteydess\u00e4 sarkopeniaa m\u00e4\u00e4ritt\u00e4viin tekij\u00f6ihin sek\u00e4 selitt\u00e4v\u00e4tk\u00f6 liikunnan m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4, tupakointi, painoindeksi ja kroonisten sairauksien lukum\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4 mahdollista yhteytt\u00e4.\nTutkielman aineistona k\u00e4ytet\u00e4\u00e4n The Finnish Twin Study on Ageing (FITSA)-aineistoa. Aineisto koostui FITSA-tutkimuksen alkumittausten aikaan 63\u201376-vuotiaista 413 kaksosnaisesta. Tutkittavien metyylitasot analysoitiin kokoverest\u00e4 otettujen DNA-n\u00e4ytteiden perusteella EPIC-mikrosiruanalyysi\u00e4 hy\u00f6dynt\u00e4en. DunedinPACE laskenta-algoritmilla laskettiin tutkittavien epigeneettinen ik\u00e4\u00e4ntymisnopeus R-ohjelmistossa hy\u00f6dynt\u00e4en vapaasti saatavilla olevia komentosarjoja. Sarkopeniaa m\u00e4\u00e4ritt\u00e4vi\u00e4 tekij\u00f6it\u00e4 tarkasteltiin erikseen, koska aineistossa saatavilla olleet muuttujat eiv\u00e4t soveltuneet sarkopeenisten tutkittavien m\u00e4\u00e4ritt\u00e4miseksi. Tutkittavien k\u00e4den puristusvoima, 10 metrin maksimaalinen k\u00e4velynopeus sek\u00e4 Timed Up and Go -testi (TUG), mitattiin laboratoriossa standardoiduilla toimintakykytesteill\u00e4. Tutkittavien kehon rasvattoman massan m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4 arvioitiin bioimpedanssimittauksella. Liikunnan m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4 m\u00e4\u00e4riteltiin aiemmin validoidulla kyselylomakkeella. Tilastollisina analyysimenetelmin\u00e4 k\u00e4ytettiin Pearsonin korrelaatiotarkastelua ja lineaarista regressioanalyysia. \nEpigeneettinen ik\u00e4\u00e4ntymisnopeus oli yhteydess\u00e4 TUG testin tulokseen ja kehon rasvattoman massan m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4\u00e4n. Elintapatekij\u00f6ill\u00e4, kroonisten sairauksien lukum\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4ll\u00e4 tai painoindeksill\u00e4 vakiointi ei vaikuttanut havaittuun yhteyteen. Tutkittavat, joiden epigeneettinen ik\u00e4\u00e4ntymisnopeus oli kiihtynyt, saivat TUG-testist\u00e4 heikomman tuloksen (\u03b2=0,131; p=0,008) ja heid\u00e4n kehonsa rasvattoman massan m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4 oli suurempi (\u03b2=0,181; p=0,001). Epigeneettinen ik\u00e4\u00e4ntymisnopeus oli yhteydess\u00e4 k\u00e4den puristusvoimaan ja maksimaaliseen k\u00e4velynopeuteen vakioimattomissa malleissa, mutta yhteydet eiv\u00e4t s\u00e4ilyneet tilastollisesti merkitsevin\u00e4 elintavoilla, kroonisten sairauksien lukum\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4ll\u00e4 ja kehon painoindeksill\u00e4 vakioinnin j\u00e4lkeen. Korkeampi liikunnan m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4 oli yhteydess\u00e4 parempiin tuloksiin k\u00e4den puristusvoimamittauksissa sek\u00e4 k\u00e4velynopeus- ja TUG-testiss\u00e4. Useammista kroonisista sairauksista k\u00e4rsivien puristusvoima-, k\u00e4velynopeus- ja TUG-testin tulokset olivat heikompia. Tupakointi sek\u00e4 tupakointihistoria ja suurempi painoindeksi olivat my\u00f6s yhteydess\u00e4 heikompaan k\u00e4velynopeuteen. \nTutkielman tulosten perusteella nopeampi epigeneettinen ik\u00e4\u00e4ntymisnopeus oli yhteydess\u00e4 heikompaan TUG-testin tulokseen ja suurempaan kehon rasvattoman massan m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4\u00e4n, mutta ei k\u00e4den puristusvoimaan tai k\u00e4velynopeuteen. Epigeneettisen ik\u00e4\u00e4ntymisnopeuden yhteydet sarkopeniaa m\u00e4\u00e4ritt\u00e4viin tekij\u00f6ihin olivat ep\u00e4johdonmukaisia, mutta tulokset ovat linjassa aikaisempien tutkimusten kanssa. Yhteenvetona voidaan todeta, ett\u00e4 epigeneettinen ik\u00e4\u00e4ntymisnopeus DunedinPACE-algoritmilla m\u00e4\u00e4riteltyn\u00e4 ei tuo lis\u00e4arvoa sarkopenian riskiss\u00e4 olevien yksil\u00f6iden tunnistamiseen. Tutkielman poikkileikkausasetelma ei mahdollista vahvojen johtop\u00e4\u00e4t\u00f6sten muodostamista. T\u00e4m\u00e4 tutkielma oli ensimm\u00e4inen, jossa tutkittiin epigeneettisen ik\u00e4\u00e4ntymisnopeuden yhteytt\u00e4 sarkopeniaa m\u00e4\u00e4ritt\u00e4viin tekij\u00f6ihin k\u00e4ytt\u00e4m\u00e4ll\u00e4 uutta DunedinPACE-algoritmia.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Sarcopenia, i.e., a decrease in muscle mass, strength, and functional capacity, is a common skeletal muscle disorder affecting the aging population. Sarcopenia is associated with numerous adverse health outcomes and the high prevalence of sarcopenia causes significant social and economic burdens to society. Sarcopenia is a multifactorial phenomenon and the biological mechanisms behind it are not yet fully understood. There is growing evidence that epigenetic factors play a significant role in the development of several diseases, and they might possibly also play a role in the development of sarcopenia. Epigenetic factors affect the function of genes without changing the sequence of DNA bases. Epigenetic changes are one of the key hallmarks of aging. The most studied epigenetic mechanism is DNA methylation. DNA methylation changes in specific CpG-sites have been found to correlate strongly with chronological age. Based on these findings, researchers have developed epigenetic clocks, which can estimate person\u2019s epigenetic age or epigenetic aging rate based on the methylation levels of specific age-related DNA sites. Measuring the rate of epigenetic aging may provide an opportunity to explain why some people age faster than others and to identify individuals at risk of sarcopenia at an early stage. The purpose of this master's thesis was to determine if the epigenetic age acceleration is associated with the defining factors of sarcopenia and if physical activity, smoking, body mass index (BMI) and the number of chronic diseases explain potential associations.\nThis thesis utilizes The Finnish Twin Study on Aging (FITSA) data. The data consisted of 413 twin women aged 63\u201376 at the time of the initial measurements of the FITSA study. Subject\u2019s genome-wide methylation levels were analyzed based on DNA samples taken from whole blood using EPIC microarray analysis. DunedinPACE algorithm and pre-processed methylation data were used to generate individual values reflecting the pace of ageing. Sarcopenia defining factors were examined separately because the variables available in the data were not suitable for determining sarcopenic subjects according to the standardized international criteria. The subjects' hand grip strength, maximum walking speed of 10 meters and the Timed Up and Go test (TUG) were measured in the laboratory using standardized tests. The amount of lean body mass (LBM) of the subjects was evaluated by bioimpedance analysis. Physical activity was defined using a previously validated questionnaire. Pearson's correlation analysis and linear regression analysis were used as statistical analysis methods.\nThe epigenetic age acceleration was associated with the result of the TUG test and the amount of lean body mass in both unadjusted and adjusted models. Subjects whose epigenetic age was accelerated had a poorer result in the TUG test (\u03b2=0,131; p=0,008) and their LBM was higher (\u03b2=0,181; p=0,001). The epigenetic age acceleration was associated with hand grip strength and maximal walking speed in unadjusted models, but the associations did not remain statistically significant after adjusting for lifestyle, number of chronic diseases, and body mass index. Higher physical activity was associated with better results in the hand grip strength test and walking speed and TUG tests. Those with more chronic diseases had lower grip strength and slower maximal walking speed and TUG test results. Current smoking status and smoking history, and higher BMI were associated with slower walking speed.\nBased on the results of the thesis, higher epigenetic age acceleration was associated with a lower TUG test result and higher amount of LBM, but not with hand grip strength or walking speed. The inconsistent results of the thesis are in line with the results of previous studies. Based on the results, epigenetic age acceleration, as determined by the DunedinPACE algorithm, does not provide added value in defining individuals at risk of sarcopenia. However, the cross-sectional design of the thesis doesn\u2019t allow formation of strong conclusions. This study was the first to examine the association of epigenetic aging acceleration with defining factors of sarcopenia using the novel DunedinPACE algorithm.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by Paivi Vuorio (paelvuor@jyu.fi) on 2023-01-13T06:15:03Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 0", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2023-01-13T06:15:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0\n Previous issue date: 2023", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "127", "language": "", "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "fin", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "epigeneettinen kello", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "biologinen ik\u00e4\u00e4ntyminen", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Epigeneettisen ik\u00e4\u00e4ntymisnopeuden yhteys sarkopeniaa m\u00e4\u00e4ritt\u00e4viin tekij\u00f6ihin", "language": "", "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202301131291", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Liikuntatieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Liikunta- ja terveystieteet", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Sport and Health Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Gerontologia ja kansanterveys", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Gerontology and Public Health", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.funding", "value": "0", "language": "", "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "funding", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.copyright", "value": "\u00a9 The Author(s)", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "copyright", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "openAccess", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.oppiainekoodi", "value": "50423", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "oppiainekoodi", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "sarkopenia", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "lihasmassa", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "lihasvoima", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "ik\u00e4\u00e4ntyminen", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "toimintakyky", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "sairaudet", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "DNA-metylaatio", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.content", "value": "fulltext", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "content", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": "https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "url", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.okm", "value": "G2", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "okm", "schema": "dc"}]
|