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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Siitonen, Marko", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Luokkanen, Justus", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2022-12-01T11:15:45Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2022-12-01T11:15:45Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2022", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/84175", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Vuonna 2020 alkanut Covid-19-pandemia vaikutti merkitt\u00e4v\u00e4sti ihmisten el\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4n ymp\u00e4ri maailmaa. Koronarokotteet, maskit ja turvav\u00e4lit olivat toimenpiteit\u00e4, joita vaadittiin suurimmalta osalta ihmisist\u00e4 maapallolla. Covid-19-pandemian my\u00f6t\u00e4 oli ilmeist\u00e4, ett\u00e4 osassa v\u00e4est\u00f6\u00e4 n\u00e4it\u00e4 turvatoimia my\u00f6s vastustettiin, \nmink\u00e4 vuoksi terveysviranomaiset tunnustivatkin t\u00e4m\u00e4n ilmi\u00f6n maailmanlaajuiseksi uhaksi. T\u00e4m\u00e4 vastustus tuli n\u00e4kyv\u00e4ksi eri muodoissa, mukaan lukien vaihtoehtoisiin tarinoihin uskomisena, ja esimerkiksi \nniin, ett\u00e4 koronaviruksen vaarallisuus \u2013 tai viruksen koko olemassaolo \u2013 kiellettiin. T\u00e4m\u00e4 ilmeni denialistisena suhtautumisena ja k\u00e4yt\u00f6ksen\u00e4 sek\u00e4 Covid-19-pandemiaa koskevan mis- ja disinformaation levitt\u00e4misen\u00e4. Eri alojen tutkijat ovat pyrkineet ymm\u00e4rt\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4n kuinka t\u00e4m\u00e4 valheellinen tieto levi\u00e4\u00e4, sek\u00e4 ymm\u00e4rt\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4n, miksi ihmiset haluavat uskoa ja lis\u00e4ksi levitt\u00e4\u00e4 virheellist\u00e4 tietoa pandemiasta. \nT\u00e4m\u00e4 Pro Gradu -tutkielma on integroiva kirjallisuuskatsaus, joka sis\u00e4lt\u00e4\u00e4 tutkimuksia ja muita tieteellisi\u00e4 artikkeleita. N\u00e4m\u00e4 artikkelit tarkastelevat Covid-19-pandemiaan liittyv\u00e4\u00e4 denialismia ja valheellisen tiedon levi\u00e4mist\u00e4 ilmi\u00f6n\u00e4. Kirjallisuuden aikaikkuna asettuu tammikuun 2021 ja maaliskuun 2022 \nv\u00e4lille. Analyysi koostuu tutkimuksista ja muunlaisista tieteellisist\u00e4 kirjoituksista, joita tarkastellaan erikseen. Koska tutkimuksia on tehty eri puolilla maailmaa ja erilaisilla metodeilla, t\u00e4ss\u00e4 opinn\u00e4ytety\u00f6ss\u00e4 keskityt\u00e4\u00e4n k\u00e4sitteisiin, joiden kautta ilmi\u00f6t\u00e4 selitet\u00e4\u00e4n auki. Tutkimuksissa tarkasteltiin p\u00e4\u00e4asiassa makrotason ilmi\u00f6it\u00e4, ja suurin osa tutkimuksista sijoittui yhdysvaltalais-amerikkalaisiin ja brasilialaisiin yhteiskunnallisiin konteksteihin. \nTutkimukset olivat hajanaisia ja p\u00e4\u00e4asiallisena havaintona olikin, ett\u00e4 ilmi\u00f6\u00f6n liittyv\u00e4t tutkimukset \nja niiden tulokset ovat aina eritt\u00e4in kontekstiriippuvaisia, vaikka ilmi\u00f6t\u00e4 v\u00e4ritt\u00e4isikin globalisoituneisuuteen liittyv\u00e4t piirteet. Tiedostetut tulevaisuuden tutkimustarpeet osoittavatkin, ett\u00e4 tutkijoiden tulee huomioida eri foorumeilla k\u00e4yt\u00e4v\u00e4 yhteiskunnallinen keskustelu, ja ett\u00e4 esimerkiksi viranomaisilla tulee olla\nvalmiita ty\u00f6kaluja niit\u00e4 hetki\u00e4 varten, jolloin yhteiskunnallisesti merkitt\u00e4vi\u00e4 ilmi\u00f6it\u00e4 tapahtuu \u2013 varsinkin,\nkun ne vaativat laajamittaista mukautumista ja/tai viranomaisten jakaman tiedon hankkimista ja sis\u00e4ist\u00e4mist\u00e4. My\u00f6s tiedeyhteis\u00f6n avoimuus nostetaan esiin merkitt\u00e4v\u00e4n\u00e4 tulevaisuuden tarpeena.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "The Covid-19 pandemic that begun in 2020 had a major impact on lives around the world. Vaccines, masks \nand safe distancing were measures that were required from the vast majority of people. What became \napparent during the pandemic was that there was also visible resistance towards the safety measures in \nsome parts of the population, and this phenomenon was recognised by the health officials as a threat on \nglobal scale. This resistance included believing in alternative stories that e.g., questioned or even denied \nthe severity \u2013 or even the very existence \u2013 of coronavirus. This phenomenon manifested itself in the form \nof denialism and spreading of mis- and disinformation about the Covid-19 pandemic. Researchers in dif ferent fields have aimed to understand the ways this false information spreads, and moreover, why people \nwillingly want to believe in - and furthermore, spread \u2013 inaccurate information regarding the pandemic.\nThis master\u2019s thesis is an integrative literature review that examines research papers and other \nscholarly papers around the phenomenon of Covid-19 pandemic related denialism and the spread of false \ninformation. The time frame for the papers is set between January 2021 and March 2022. Analysis consists \nof research papers and other kinds of scholarly papers, that are examined separately. Since the studies \nhave been conducted in different parts of the world and with differing methodologies, the focus of this \nthesis is on the concepts through which the phenomenon is explained. The studies were predominantly \nexamining macro-level phenomena, and most of the studies were based in US-American and Brazilian \nsocieties. \nThe studies were scattered, and the main findings was that the studies and their results around the \nphenomenon are always highly context-dependant, even if the phenomenon as highly globalised and unifying features. For future research, scholars need to acknowledge societal discussions on different forums \nand have tools prepared for moments when societally impactful events take place \u2013 especially, when they \nrequire large scale adaptation and/or acquiring and internalising information that is distributed by officials. Moreover, transparency and openness from the side of academia is brought up as a major need.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by Paivi Vuorio (paelvuor@jyu.fi) on 2022-12-01T11:15:45Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 0", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2022-12-01T11:15:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0\n Previous issue date: 2022", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "56", "language": "", "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "eng", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "denialism", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "false information", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "conspiracy beliefs", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Covid-19 pandemic related denialism and spread of false information", "language": "", "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202212015441", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Humanistis-yhteiskuntatieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Kieli- ja viestint\u00e4tieteiden laitos", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Department of Language and Communication Studies", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Intercultural Communication (maisteriohjelma)", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Master's Degree Programme in Intercultural Communication", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.funding", "value": "0", "language": "", "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "funding", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "openAccess", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.oppiainekoodi", "value": "3134", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "oppiainekoodi", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "populismi", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "COVID-19", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "pandemiat", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "koronavirukset", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "viestint\u00e4", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "sosiokulttuuriset tekij\u00e4t", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "globalisaatio", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "luottamus", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "tieto", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "yhteiskunnalliset tapahtumat", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "populism", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "COVID-19", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "pandemics", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "coronaviruses", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "communication", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "sociocultural factors", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "globalisation", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "trust", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "information", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "societal events", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.content", "value": "fulltext", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "content", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": "https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "url", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.okm", "value": "G2", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "okm", "schema": "dc"}]
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