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Fyysisesti kuormittavissa töissä, kuten rakennustöissä, voi henkilökohtaisen maksimaalisen suorituskyvyn ja työtehtävien aiheuttaman kuormituksen välillä olla työterveyden ja työkyvyn kannalta merkitystä. Rakennustyön fyysistä aktiivisuutta on toistaiseksi tutkittu rajoitetusti. Tämän tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli selvittää rakennustyöläisten työn fyysistä kuormittavuutta kiihtyvyysanturilla tehdyillä mittauksilla tavanomaisen työpäivän aikana. Mahdollisia eroja työn fyysisen kuormittavuuden määrässä ja tehossa tarkastellaan ennalta määrättyjen fyysisen aktiivisuuden raja-arvojen perusteella sekä maksimaaliseen kestävyyskuntoon suhteutettuna.
Tutkimusaineisto perustuu SKANSKA JAKSAVA -hanketyöhön. Tutkittavina oli 24 rakennustyötä tekevää miestä (ikä 36,1 ±11,9 v, painoindeksi 24,9 ±3,1). Työpäivän aikainen fyysinen aktiivisuus mitattiin monisensorisella SenseWear Armband -mittarilla. Lisäksi tutkittavat täyttivät aktiivisuuspäiväkirjaa päivän työtoiminnoista. Maksimaalinen kestävyyskunto mitattiin epäsuoralla hapenottokyvyn testillä tai kyselyyn perustuvalla arviolla. Työpäivän fyysinen aktiivisuus kuvattiin MET-arvoina (metabolic equivalent; leponaineenvaihdunnan kerrannainen) ja sitä käsiteltiin sekä absoluuttisina arvoina, että yksilölliseen kestävyyskuntoon suhteutettuna. Kestävyyskunto kuvattiin METc-arvoina (METcapacity), joka johdettiin epäsuorasta hapenottokyvyn testistä. Standardoitu maksimaalinen suorituskyky on määritelty 10 METc. Työnaikaista fyysistä aktiivisuutta verrattiin aiemmassa tutkimusnäytössä asetettuihin raja-arvoihin työn suurimmasta sallittavasta keskimääräisestä kuormituksesta työpäivän aikana.
Maksimaalinen suorituskyky vaihteli välillä 7,0–17,0 METc ja oli keskimäärin 11,8 METc. Työpäivän aikainen keskimääräinen kuormitus oli 3,5 MET, joka vastaa suorituskykyyn suhteutettuna 31,1 % ja standardoituna arvona 34,8 %. Standardoidut työpäivän keskimääräiset ja maksimaaliset työn kuormittavuuden arvot olivat merkitsevästi suurempia kuin suhteelliset arvot. Erotus oli 3,7 % (p=0,048) ja 13,0 % (p=0,037) keskimääräisten ja maksimaalisten arvojen välillä. Suhteellinen keskimääräinen ja maksimaalinen työteho olivat merkitsevässä negatiivisessa yhteydessä maksimaaliseen suorituskykyyn (r=-0,52, p=0,007 ja r=-0,44, p=0,03). Suhteelliset ja standardoidut työtehon arvot olivat positiivisesti yhteydessä toisiinsa: (keskimääräinen työteho r=0,59, p=0,002 ja maksimaalinen työteho r=0,64, p<0,001).
Yhteenvetona voidaan todeta, että rakennustyön aikainen kuormitus vaihtelee, mutta noudattaa aikaisemmin kuvattuja raja-arvoja keskimääräiselle työpäivän kuormittavuudelle. Maksimaalisen fyysisen suorituskyvyn merkitys työn fyysistä kuormittavuutta arvioitaessa on merkittävä ja sen huomiointi tarkentaa yksilöllisen työn fyysisen kuormittavuuden arviointia työpäivän aikana.
The relationship between maximal physical endurance capacity and physical workload can possibly have significant influence for work-related health and ability in physically demanding work, such as construction work. So far, the research findings on the physical activity of construction workers have been limited. The purpose of this study was to assess the average and maximal physical workload of construction workers using an accelerometer measured physical activity during a workday. Possible differences in the duration and intensity of the physical workload will be assessed through previously established values and relative to individual measured values of maximal physical endurance capacity.
The study sample is based on a previous SKANSKA JAKSAVA -project. Subjects were 24 male construction workers (age 36,1 ±11,9 y, body mass index 24,9 ±3,1). Physical activity of a workday was measured with a multisensor device SenseWear Armband. Maximal physical endurance capacity was measured with an indirect maximal oxygen uptake test or with an estimation based on a questionnaire. The physical activity of a workday was described in MET-values (metabolic equivalent). The MET-values were assessed as absolute values and relative to maximal endurance capacity. Maximal physical endurance capacity was described as METc-values (METcapacity), that were derived from the maximal oxygen uptake values. The standardized values were attached to a value 10 METc. The measured physical activity was compared to pre-established values from previous research work of the maximal average workload during a full workday.
Maximal physical endurance capacity varied between 7,0–17,0 METc and was on average 11,8 METc. The average intensity of the workday was 3,5 MET, which accounts to 31,1 % when considering individual maximal physical endurance capacity and 34,8 % in standardized values. There was a statistically significant difference between the relative and standardized average and maximal workload. The average and maximal workload in standardized values were significantly higher than the corresponding relative values. The mean difference was 3,7 % (p=0,048) and 13,0 % (p=0,037) for average and maximal values, respectively. Average and maximal relative workload values were significantly negatively correlated with maximal endurance capacity (r=-0,52, p=0,007 and r=-0,44, p=0,03, respectively). Relative and standardized workloads were positively correlated (average workloads r=0,59 p=0,002, and maximal workloads r=0,64, p<0,001).
In conclusion, the physical workload of construction work varies during a working day, but it is in accordance with the pre-established values of maximal average workload for a full working day. The role of maximal physical endurance capacity in estimating physical workload is significant. Taking maximal physical endurance capacity into account, the accuracy of individual physical workload estimation during a full workday in construction workers improves.
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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Hautala, Arto", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "M\u00e4lki\u00e4, Esko", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Vil\u00e9n, Ville", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2022-11-11T06:13:15Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2022-11-11T06:13:15Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2022", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/83845", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Fyysisesti kuormittavissa t\u00f6iss\u00e4, kuten rakennust\u00f6iss\u00e4, voi henkil\u00f6kohtaisen maksimaalisen suorituskyvyn ja ty\u00f6teht\u00e4vien aiheuttaman kuormituksen v\u00e4lill\u00e4 olla ty\u00f6terveyden ja ty\u00f6kyvyn kannalta merkityst\u00e4. Rakennusty\u00f6n fyysist\u00e4 aktiivisuutta on toistaiseksi tutkittu rajoitetusti. T\u00e4m\u00e4n tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli selvitt\u00e4\u00e4 rakennusty\u00f6l\u00e4isten ty\u00f6n fyysist\u00e4 kuormittavuutta kiihtyvyysanturilla tehdyill\u00e4 mittauksilla tavanomaisen ty\u00f6p\u00e4iv\u00e4n aikana. Mahdollisia eroja ty\u00f6n fyysisen kuormittavuuden m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4ss\u00e4 ja tehossa tarkastellaan ennalta m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4ttyjen fyysisen aktiivisuuden raja-arvojen perusteella sek\u00e4 maksimaaliseen kest\u00e4vyyskuntoon suhteutettuna.\nTutkimusaineisto perustuu SKANSKA JAKSAVA -hankety\u00f6h\u00f6n. Tutkittavina oli 24 rakennusty\u00f6t\u00e4 tekev\u00e4\u00e4 miest\u00e4 (ik\u00e4 36,1 \u00b111,9 v, painoindeksi 24,9 \u00b13,1). Ty\u00f6p\u00e4iv\u00e4n aikainen fyysinen aktiivisuus mitattiin monisensorisella SenseWear Armband -mittarilla. Lis\u00e4ksi tutkittavat t\u00e4yttiv\u00e4t aktiivisuusp\u00e4iv\u00e4kirjaa p\u00e4iv\u00e4n ty\u00f6toiminnoista. Maksimaalinen kest\u00e4vyyskunto mitattiin ep\u00e4suoralla hapenottokyvyn testill\u00e4 tai kyselyyn perustuvalla arviolla. Ty\u00f6p\u00e4iv\u00e4n fyysinen aktiivisuus kuvattiin MET-arvoina (metabolic equivalent; leponaineenvaihdunnan kerrannainen) ja sit\u00e4 k\u00e4siteltiin sek\u00e4 absoluuttisina arvoina, ett\u00e4 yksil\u00f6lliseen kest\u00e4vyyskuntoon suhteutettuna. Kest\u00e4vyyskunto kuvattiin METc-arvoina (METcapacity), joka johdettiin ep\u00e4suorasta hapenottokyvyn testist\u00e4. Standardoitu maksimaalinen suorituskyky on m\u00e4\u00e4ritelty 10 METc. Ty\u00f6naikaista fyysist\u00e4 aktiivisuutta verrattiin aiemmassa tutkimusn\u00e4yt\u00f6ss\u00e4 asetettuihin raja-arvoihin ty\u00f6n suurimmasta sallittavasta keskim\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4isest\u00e4 kuormituksesta ty\u00f6p\u00e4iv\u00e4n aikana.\nMaksimaalinen suorituskyky vaihteli v\u00e4lill\u00e4 7,0\u201317,0 METc ja oli keskim\u00e4\u00e4rin 11,8 METc. Ty\u00f6p\u00e4iv\u00e4n aikainen keskim\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4inen kuormitus oli 3,5 MET, joka vastaa suorituskykyyn suhteutettuna 31,1 % ja standardoituna arvona 34,8 %. Standardoidut ty\u00f6p\u00e4iv\u00e4n keskim\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4iset ja maksimaaliset ty\u00f6n kuormittavuuden arvot olivat merkitsev\u00e4sti suurempia kuin suhteelliset arvot. Erotus oli 3,7 % (p=0,048) ja 13,0 % (p=0,037) keskim\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4isten ja maksimaalisten arvojen v\u00e4lill\u00e4. Suhteellinen keskim\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4inen ja maksimaalinen ty\u00f6teho olivat merkitsev\u00e4ss\u00e4 negatiivisessa yhteydess\u00e4 maksimaaliseen suorituskykyyn (r=-0,52, p=0,007 ja r=-0,44, p=0,03). Suhteelliset ja standardoidut ty\u00f6tehon arvot olivat positiivisesti yhteydess\u00e4 toisiinsa: (keskim\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4inen ty\u00f6teho r=0,59, p=0,002 ja maksimaalinen ty\u00f6teho r=0,64, p<0,001).\nYhteenvetona voidaan todeta, ett\u00e4 rakennusty\u00f6n aikainen kuormitus vaihtelee, mutta noudattaa aikaisemmin kuvattuja raja-arvoja keskim\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4iselle ty\u00f6p\u00e4iv\u00e4n kuormittavuudelle. Maksimaalisen fyysisen suorituskyvyn merkitys ty\u00f6n fyysist\u00e4 kuormittavuutta arvioitaessa on merkitt\u00e4v\u00e4 ja sen huomiointi tarkentaa yksil\u00f6llisen ty\u00f6n fyysisen kuormittavuuden arviointia ty\u00f6p\u00e4iv\u00e4n aikana.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "The relationship between maximal physical endurance capacity and physical workload can possibly have significant influence for work-related health and ability in physically demanding work, such as construction work. So far, the research findings on the physical activity of construction workers have been limited. The purpose of this study was to assess the average and maximal physical workload of construction workers using an accelerometer measured physical activity during a workday. Possible differences in the duration and intensity of the physical workload will be assessed through previously established values and relative to individual measured values of maximal physical endurance capacity.\nThe study sample is based on a previous SKANSKA JAKSAVA -project. Subjects were 24 male construction workers (age 36,1 \u00b111,9 y, body mass index 24,9 \u00b13,1). Physical activity of a workday was measured with a multisensor device SenseWear Armband. Maximal physical endurance capacity was measured with an indirect maximal oxygen uptake test or with an estimation based on a questionnaire. The physical activity of a workday was described in MET-values (metabolic equivalent). The MET-values were assessed as absolute values and relative to maximal endurance capacity. Maximal physical endurance capacity was described as METc-values (METcapacity), that were derived from the maximal oxygen uptake values. The standardized values were attached to a value 10 METc. The measured physical activity was compared to pre-established values from previous research work of the maximal average workload during a full workday.\nMaximal physical endurance capacity varied between 7,0\u201317,0 METc and was on average 11,8 METc. The average intensity of the workday was 3,5 MET, which accounts to 31,1 % when considering individual maximal physical endurance capacity and 34,8 % in standardized values. There was a statistically significant difference between the relative and standardized average and maximal workload. The average and maximal workload in standardized values were significantly higher than the corresponding relative values. The mean difference was 3,7 % (p=0,048) and 13,0 % (p=0,037) for average and maximal values, respectively. Average and maximal relative workload values were significantly negatively correlated with maximal endurance capacity (r=-0,52, p=0,007 and r=-0,44, p=0,03, respectively). Relative and standardized workloads were positively correlated (average workloads r=0,59 p=0,002, and maximal workloads r=0,64, p<0,001).\nIn conclusion, the physical workload of construction work varies during a working day, but it is in accordance with the pre-established values of maximal average workload for a full working day. The role of maximal physical endurance capacity in estimating physical workload is significant. Taking maximal physical endurance capacity into account, the accuracy of individual physical workload estimation during a full workday in construction workers improves.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by Paivi Vuorio (paelvuor@jyu.fi) on 2022-11-11T06:13:15Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 0", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2022-11-11T06:13:15Z (GMT). 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