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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Lindstedt-Kareksela , Carita", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Kronholm, Ilkka", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Immonen, Nina", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2022-11-01T05:59:48Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2022-11-01T05:59:48Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2022", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/83731", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Herbivorihy\u00f6nteisen ja is\u00e4nt\u00e4kasvin keskin\u00e4inen vuorovaikutus on tiivist\u00e4 ja useat eri vuorovaikutussuhteet vaikuttavat herbivorihy\u00f6nteisen kelpoisuuteen ja selviytymiseen. Tutkimuksessani tutkin puolustautumista taudinaiheuttajaa vastaan, ravinnonlaatua ja ryhm\u00e4kokoa, sek\u00e4 niiden v\u00e4lisi\u00e4 vuorovaikutuksia ruskom\u00e4ntypisti\u00e4isill\u00e4 (Neodiprion sertifer). Selvitin, miten ravinnonlaatu (pihkapi-toisuus) ja toukkien ryhm\u00e4koko vaikuttivat ruskom\u00e4ntypisti\u00e4isten selviytymiseen kasvatuskokeessa, jossa toukat infektoitiin Serratia marcescens -bakteerilla. Oletukse-na on, ett\u00e4 ravinnon pihkayhdisteet voivat suojata bakteeri-infektiolta, sill\u00e4 ne sis\u00e4lt\u00e4v\u00e4t antimikrobisia aineita. Toisaalta pihkayhdisteiden k\u00e4sittely v\u00e4hemm\u00e4n haitalliseksi m\u00e4ntypisti\u00e4isten omalle elimist\u00f6lle voi olla kallista, jolloin puolustus bakteeri-infektiota vastaan voi olla heikompaa korkea pihkapitoisella ravinnolla. Isommassa ryhm\u00e4ss\u00e4 ruokailevilla toukilla puolustus bakteeri-infektiota vastaan voi olla tehokkaampaa esimerkiksi tehokkaamman ravinnonk\u00e4sittelyn vuoksi. Kokeen alussa toukat jaettiin kontrolli- (ei infektiota) ja infektiok\u00e4sittelyille ja edelleen nelj\u00e4\u00e4n k\u00e4sittelyryhm\u00e4\u00e4n ravinnonlaadun (korkea ja matala pihkapitoi-suus) ja ryhm\u00e4koon (suuri = 7 ja pieni = 3) suhteen. Infektointi tehtiin kastamalla toukkien ravintom\u00e4nnynoksat bakteeriliuokseen. Toukkien selviytymisen seuraa-misen lis\u00e4ksi mittasin toukkien petopuolustusominaisuuksia ja elinkiertopiirteit\u00e4 (kotelopaino ja kehitysaika). Tulosteni mukaan bakteeri-infektiok\u00e4sittelyss\u00e4 toukkien kuolleisuus oli korkeampi kuin kontrollik\u00e4sittelyss\u00e4. Ravinnonlaadulla tai ryhm\u00e4koolla ei ollut vaikutusta infektiotoukkien selviytymiseen, mutta kontrolli-toukat selviytyiv\u00e4t paremmin suuremmassa ryhm\u00e4ss\u00e4, kun ravinnon pihkapitoi-suus oli korkea. Infektion havaittiin heikent\u00e4v\u00e4n toukkien petopuolustusaktiivi-suutta. Toukat osallistuivat puolustukseen todenn\u00e4k\u00f6isemmin suuremmassa ryhm\u00e4ss\u00e4. Matalapihkapitoinen ravinto kasvatti kotelopainoa ja lyhensi kehitysaikaa verrattuna korkeapihkapitoiseen ravintoon. Ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6tekij\u00f6ill\u00e4 ei ollut suurta vaikutusta selviytymiseen bakteeri-infektiosta, mutta yleisesti toukat kasvoivat paremmin matalapihkapitoisella ravinnolla ja suuremmissa ryhmiss\u00e4.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Herbivore insects and their host plant interact closely with each other, and several different interactions affect the survival and performance of herbivorous insects. In this MSc thesis I examined effects of bacterial infection, diet quality and group size, and their interactive effects on European pine sawfly (Neodiprion sertifer) individuals. I examined how diet quality (resin concentration) and larval group size affects pine sawflies\u2019 survival when exposed to the bacterial pathogen Serratia marcescens. It is hypothesized that resin compounds may benefit pine sawflies\u2019 bacterial defense since they contain antimicrobial agents. However, the handling of the resin compounds is expected to be expensive for pine sawflies and trade off with their antipredator defense capacity. Furthermore, larvae which forage and defend in bigger groups can be expected to perform better e.g., due to socially facilitated feeding. To test these hypotheses, I divided larvae into control and infection treatments which were further divided into four treatment groups according to diet quality (high and low resin content) and group size (high = 7 and low = 3). Infection was done by dipping the pine branches to bacterial solution. I measured the survival of the individual until adult stage, antipredator defense behavior of larval stage and lifehistory traits: pupamass and development time. According to my results, mortality was higher in the bacterial treatment than in control treatment. In general, individuals in control group were more likely to survive until adulthood in bigger groups while eating high resin diet. Larvae were less likely to perform defensive behavior when infected and when in a smaller group. Larvae on the low resin diet had higher pupamass and faster development times comparison to high resin diet. To conclude, environmental factors did not have a major effect on defense against bacteria, but in general, larvae grew better on low resin diet and in larger groups.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by Paivi Vuorio (paelvuor@jyu.fi) on 2022-11-01T05:59:48Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 0", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2022-11-01T05:59:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0\n Previous issue date: 2022", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "47", "language": "", "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "fin", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "immuunipuolustus", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "is\u00e4nt\u00e4kasvin laatu", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "ryhm\u00e4ss\u00e4 el\u00e4minen", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Ravinnonlaadun ja toukkavaiheen ryhm\u00e4koon vaikutus ruskom\u00e4ntypisti\u00e4isen Neodiprion sertifer selviytymiseen Serratia marcescens bakteeri-infektiosta", "language": "", "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202211015038", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Bio- ja ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6tieteiden laitos", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Department of Biological and Environmental Science", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Ekologia ja evoluutiobiologia", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Ecology and evolutionary biology", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.funding", "value": "0", "language": "", "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "funding", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "restrictedAccess", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.oppiainekoodi", "value": "4011", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "oppiainekoodi", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "m\u00e4ntypisti\u00e4iset", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "bakteerit", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "hy\u00f6nteiset", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "ruskom\u00e4ntypisti\u00e4inen", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "ryhm\u00e4koko", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "infektiot", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "is\u00e4nt\u00e4kasvit", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.content", "value": "fulltext", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "content", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": "https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "url", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accessrights", "value": "The author has not given permission to make the work publicly available electronically. Therefore the material can be read only at the archival workstation at Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 University Library (https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/collections/archival-workstation).", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accessrights", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accessrights", "value": "Tekij\u00e4 ei ole antanut lupaa avoimeen julkaisuun, joten aineisto on luettavissa vain Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopiston kirjaston arkistoty\u00f6semalta. Ks. https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/kokoelmat/arkistotyoasema..", "language": "fi", "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accessrights", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.okm", "value": "G2", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "okm", "schema": "dc"}]
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