| description |
Tausta ja tavoite. Yksilöllisiä liikuntainterventioita tarvitaan, koska fyysinen passiivisuus on pysynyt kansanterveydellisenä ongelmana, johon eri medioissa olevat tiedot ja viranomaisten antamat yleiset liikuntaohjeet eivät ole juurikaan vaikuttaneet. Tämän tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli analysoida, vaikuttavatko yksilöllisesti räätälöidyt monitieteiset interventiot antropometrian, kardiorespiratorisen kunnon (CRF) ja liikunnan suorituskyvyn paranemiseen 18–40-vuotiailla liikunnallisesti passiivisilla henkilöillä, joilla on liikalihavuutta.
Menetelmät. Yhteensä 145 henkilöön otettiin yhteyttä, joista asetettujen kriteereiden mukaisesti valikoitui 89 koehenkilöä, jotka satunnaistettiin kolmeen ryhmään. Osallistujista 56 osallistui loppumittauksiin 3 kuukauden kuluttua. Ryhmä 1 (n =14) edustaa nykyisiä yleisiä liikunta- ja ravitsemusohjeita, kun taas ryhmä 2 (n = 22) henkilökohtaista interventiota ja ryhmä 3 (n = 20) erittäin yksilöllistä interventiota. Ennen ja jälkeen 12 viikon harjoittelun, hapenkulutusta (VO2), suorituskykyä (W) ja sykettä (HR) mitattiin ventilaatiokynnyksillä (VT1 ja VT2) sekä maksimitasolla asteittain nousevalla polkupyöräergometritestillä. Myös painon (kg), painoindeksin (BMI), kehon rasvaprosentin (BF%) ja rasvattoman massan (FFM) arvot mitattiin. Ryhmän 2 ja 3 osalta mobiili- ja pilviteknologioita käytettiin hienosäätämään interventiota subjektiivisen palautteen ja tunteiden, liikunta- ja palautumistietojen sekä interventiojakson aikana kertyvien ravitsemustietojen perusteella.
Tulokset. Ryhmän 3 keskipaino laski tilastollisesti merkitsevästi 1,8 ±1,6 % (p<0,01), BMI 1,8 ±0 % (p< 0,05) ja kehon rasvaprosentti 3,7 ±4,3 % (p<0,05) 12 viikon harjoittelujakson jälkeen, mutta FFM:ssä ei tapahtunut muutosta. Ryhmän 3 VO2peak-arvot kasvoivat tilastollisesti merkitsevästi: l/min 6,8 ±9,3 % (p<0,01), ml/kg/min 8,9 ±23,3 % (p<0,01), ml/ffm/min 6,4 ±31,8 % (p<0,05), VT1 13,1 ±9,4 % (p<0,01), 13,1 ±9,4 % (p<0,01), 13,1 ±9,4 % (p<0,01), 13,1 ±9,4 % (p<0,01), 115,5 ±28,6 % (p<0,01), 6,4 ±17,6 % (p<0,01) ja VT2 13,1±4,1 % (p<0,01), 15,5 ±18,4 % (p<0,01), 6,4 ±4,7 % (s<0,05). Ryhmillä 1 ja 2 ei ollut tilastollisesti merkitseviä muutoksia missään antropometrisissä tai VO2-muuttujissa. Kaikilla ryhmillä tehontuotanto kasvoi tilastollisesti merkitsevästi huipputasolla (keskimäärin 12, 12 ja 16 W). Ryhmien 2 ja 3 osalta tehontuotanto kasvoi merkitsevästi VT1 (10W ja 14W) ja VT2 tasoilla (10W ja 15W). Kardiorespiratorisen kunnon muutokset olivat enimmäkseen riippumattomia antropometrian muutoksista. Kaikilla osallistujilla oli merkittävä lasku sykkeessä (3 %, p<0,05) ja diastolisessa verenpaineessa (5 %, p<0,01), mutta ei systolisessa verenpaineessa tai koetun rasituksen osalta (RPE) kohtalaisella harjoitusintensiteetillä (60W nainen / 80W mies).
Johtopäätökset. Tämä tutkimus osoittaa, että erittäin henkilökohtaiset harjoitusinterventiot tuottavat tehokkaammin positiivisia muutoksia kardiorespiratorisessa kunnossa, suorituskyvyssä ja antropometriassa kuin ne, jotka noudattavat yleisiä ohjeita. Yksilön kardiorespiratorisen kunnon parantaminen ja mittaaminen on tärkeämpää kuin seurata antropometrisiä arvoja tehokkaan elämäntapaintervention aloittamiseksi ja edistämiseksi. Teknologia yksin ei ole vastaus siihen, että ihmiset motivoituvat lisäämään fyysistä aktiivisuuttaan. Suorituskyvyssä saavutettu parannus auttaa osallistujia selviytymään päivittäisissä fyysisissä aktiviteeteissaan ja jatkamaan fyysistä harjoittelua.
Background and objective. Iindividualized exercise approaches are required as physical inactivity has remained a health problem that has not been affected by information in different medias and general exercise guidelines given by authorities. The aim of this study was to analyze if individually tailored multidisciplinary interventions determine improvements in anthropometry, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and exercise performance in between 18 to 40 years old sedentary individuals with obesity.
Methods. Totally 145 person was contacted, and the initial sample consists of 89 subjects, who were randomized into three groups. 56 of the participants took part to measurements after 3 months. Group 1 (n=14) represents current general exercise and nutrition guidelines, while Group 2 (n=22) personalized intervention approach and Group 3 (n=20) highly personalized intervention approach. Before and after 12 weeks of training, oxygen consumption (VO2), exercise performance (W) and heart rate (HR) at ventilatory threshold1(VT1), ventilatory treshold2(VT2) and at peak level were assessed during a step-incremental cycle-ergometer exercise test. Also, anthropometrical values of weight (kg), Body Mass Index (BMI), Body Fat percent (BF%) and Fat Free Mass (FFM) were assessed. At group 2 and 3 mobile and cloud technologies were used to fine tune the intervention based on subjective feedback and emotions, exercise and recovery data, and nutrition data accumulating during the intervention period.
Results. Group3 had a statistically significant decrease in mean weight 1.8 ±1.6% (p<0.01), BMI 1.8 ±0 % (p< 0.05) and bodyfat 3.7 ±4.3% (p<0.05) after 12 weeks of training intervention, but no change in FFM. Group 3 had statistically significant increase in VO2peak values: l/min 6.8 ±9.3% (p<0.01), ml/kg/min 8.9 ±23.3% (p<0.01), ml/ffm/min 6.4 ±31.8% (p<0.05), at VT1 13.1 ±9.4% (p<0.01), 15.5 ±28.6% (p<0.01), 6.4 ±17.6% (p<0.01) and VT2 13.1±4.1% (p<0.01), 15.5 ±18.4% (p<0.01), 6.4 ±4.7% (p<0.05). Group 1 and 2 had no statistically significant changes at any anthropometrical or VO2 variable. All the groups had statistically significant increases in power output at peak level (on average12, 12 and 16W, respectively). Group 2 and 3 also had significant increase at VT1 10 and 14W and VT2 10 and 15W, respectively. Changes in cardiorespiratory fitness were mostly independent from changes in anthropometry. All participants had significant drop in HR (3%, p<0,05) and diastolic blood pressure (5%, p<0,01), but not in systolic blood pressure or rate of perceived exertion (RPE) at moderate exercise intensity (60W female/ 80W male).
Conclusions. This study suggests that highly personalized training interventions are more effective in producing positive changes in cardiorespiratory fitness, exercise performance, and anthropometry than those following general guidelines. Improving and measuring cardiorespiratory fitness is more important than to follow anthropometrical values to get initiation and progress of an effective lifestyle intervention. Technology alone is not the answer to get people motivated to increase their physical activity. Improvement reached in exercise performance helps participants to survive at their daily physical activities and continue physical training.
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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Kyr\u00f6l\u00e4inen, Heikki", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Peltonen, Juha", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Parviainen, Antti", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2022-10-06T05:54:06Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2022-10-06T05:54:06Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2022", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/83468", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Tausta ja tavoite. Yksil\u00f6llisi\u00e4 liikuntainterventioita tarvitaan, koska fyysinen passiivisuus on pysynyt kansanterveydellisen\u00e4 ongelmana, johon eri medioissa olevat tiedot ja viranomaisten antamat yleiset liikuntaohjeet eiv\u00e4t ole juurikaan vaikuttaneet. T\u00e4m\u00e4n tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli analysoida, vaikuttavatko yksil\u00f6llisesti r\u00e4\u00e4t\u00e4l\u00f6idyt monitieteiset interventiot antropometrian, kardiorespiratorisen kunnon (CRF) ja liikunnan suorituskyvyn paranemiseen 18\u201340-vuotiailla liikunnallisesti passiivisilla henkil\u00f6ill\u00e4, joilla on liikalihavuutta.\nMenetelm\u00e4t. Yhteens\u00e4 145 henkil\u00f6\u00f6n otettiin yhteytt\u00e4, joista asetettujen kriteereiden mukaisesti valikoitui 89 koehenkil\u00f6\u00e4, jotka satunnaistettiin kolmeen ryhm\u00e4\u00e4n. Osallistujista 56 osallistui loppumittauksiin 3 kuukauden kuluttua. Ryhm\u00e4 1 (n =14) edustaa nykyisi\u00e4 yleisi\u00e4 liikunta- ja ravitsemusohjeita, kun taas ryhm\u00e4 2 (n = 22) henkil\u00f6kohtaista interventiota ja ryhm\u00e4 3 (n = 20) eritt\u00e4in yksil\u00f6llist\u00e4 interventiota. Ennen ja j\u00e4lkeen 12 viikon harjoittelun, hapenkulutusta (VO2), suorituskyky\u00e4 (W) ja sykett\u00e4 (HR) mitattiin ventilaatiokynnyksill\u00e4 (VT1 ja VT2) sek\u00e4 maksimitasolla asteittain nousevalla polkupy\u00f6r\u00e4ergometritestill\u00e4. My\u00f6s painon (kg), painoindeksin (BMI), kehon rasvaprosentin (BF%) ja rasvattoman massan (FFM) arvot mitattiin. Ryhm\u00e4n 2 ja 3 osalta mobiili- ja pilviteknologioita k\u00e4ytettiin hienos\u00e4\u00e4t\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4n interventiota subjektiivisen palautteen ja tunteiden, liikunta- ja palautumistietojen sek\u00e4 interventiojakson aikana kertyvien ravitsemustietojen perusteella.\nTulokset. Ryhm\u00e4n 3 keskipaino laski tilastollisesti merkitsev\u00e4sti 1,8 \u00b11,6 % (p<0,01), BMI 1,8 \u00b10 % (p< 0,05) ja kehon rasvaprosentti 3,7 \u00b14,3 % (p<0,05) 12 viikon harjoittelujakson j\u00e4lkeen, mutta FFM:ss\u00e4 ei tapahtunut muutosta. Ryhm\u00e4n 3 VO2peak-arvot kasvoivat tilastollisesti merkitsev\u00e4sti: l/min 6,8 \u00b19,3 % (p<0,01), ml/kg/min 8,9 \u00b123,3 % (p<0,01), ml/ffm/min 6,4 \u00b131,8 % (p<0,05), VT1 13,1 \u00b19,4 % (p<0,01), 13,1 \u00b19,4 % (p<0,01), 13,1 \u00b19,4 % (p<0,01), 13,1 \u00b19,4 % (p<0,01), 115,5 \u00b128,6 % (p<0,01), 6,4 \u00b117,6 % (p<0,01) ja VT2 13,1\u00b14,1 % (p<0,01), 15,5 \u00b118,4 % (p<0,01), 6,4 \u00b14,7 % (s<0,05). Ryhmill\u00e4 1 ja 2 ei ollut tilastollisesti merkitsevi\u00e4 muutoksia miss\u00e4\u00e4n antropometrisiss\u00e4 tai VO2-muuttujissa. Kaikilla ryhmill\u00e4 tehontuotanto kasvoi tilastollisesti merkitsev\u00e4sti huipputasolla (keskim\u00e4\u00e4rin 12, 12 ja 16 W). Ryhmien 2 ja 3 osalta tehontuotanto kasvoi merkitsev\u00e4sti VT1 (10W ja 14W) ja VT2 tasoilla (10W ja 15W). Kardiorespiratorisen kunnon muutokset olivat enimm\u00e4kseen riippumattomia antropometrian muutoksista. Kaikilla osallistujilla oli merkitt\u00e4v\u00e4 lasku sykkeess\u00e4 (3 %, p<0,05) ja diastolisessa verenpaineessa (5 %, p<0,01), mutta ei systolisessa verenpaineessa tai koetun rasituksen osalta (RPE) kohtalaisella harjoitusintensiteetill\u00e4 (60W nainen / 80W mies). \nJohtop\u00e4\u00e4t\u00f6kset. T\u00e4m\u00e4 tutkimus osoittaa, ett\u00e4 eritt\u00e4in henkil\u00f6kohtaiset harjoitusinterventiot tuottavat tehokkaammin positiivisia muutoksia kardiorespiratorisessa kunnossa, suorituskyvyss\u00e4 ja antropometriassa kuin ne, jotka noudattavat yleisi\u00e4 ohjeita. Yksil\u00f6n kardiorespiratorisen kunnon parantaminen ja mittaaminen on t\u00e4rke\u00e4mp\u00e4\u00e4 kuin seurata antropometrisi\u00e4 arvoja tehokkaan el\u00e4m\u00e4ntapaintervention aloittamiseksi ja edist\u00e4miseksi. Teknologia yksin ei ole vastaus siihen, ett\u00e4 ihmiset motivoituvat lis\u00e4\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4n fyysist\u00e4 aktiivisuuttaan. Suorituskyvyss\u00e4 saavutettu parannus auttaa osallistujia selviytym\u00e4\u00e4n p\u00e4ivitt\u00e4isiss\u00e4 fyysisiss\u00e4 aktiviteeteissaan ja jatkamaan fyysist\u00e4 harjoittelua.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Background and objective. Iindividualized exercise approaches are required as physical inactivity has remained a health problem that has not been affected by information in different medias and general exercise guidelines given by authorities. The aim of this study was to analyze if individually tailored multidisciplinary interventions determine improvements in anthropometry, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and exercise performance in between 18 to 40 years old sedentary individuals with obesity.\nMethods. Totally 145 person was contacted, and the initial sample consists of 89 subjects, who were randomized into three groups. 56 of the participants took part to measurements after 3 months. Group 1 (n=14) represents current general exercise and nutrition guidelines, while Group 2 (n=22) personalized intervention approach and Group 3 (n=20) highly personalized intervention approach. Before and after 12 weeks of training, oxygen consumption (VO2), exercise performance (W) and heart rate (HR) at ventilatory threshold1(VT1), ventilatory treshold2(VT2) and at peak level were assessed during a step-incremental cycle-ergometer exercise test. Also, anthropometrical values of weight (kg), Body Mass Index (BMI), Body Fat percent (BF%) and Fat Free Mass (FFM) were assessed. At group 2 and 3 mobile and cloud technologies were used to fine tune the intervention based on subjective feedback and emotions, exercise and recovery data, and nutrition data accumulating during the intervention period.\nResults. Group3 had a statistically significant decrease in mean weight 1.8 \u00b11.6% (p<0.01), BMI 1.8 \u00b10 % (p< 0.05) and bodyfat 3.7 \u00b14.3% (p<0.05) after 12 weeks of training intervention, but no change in FFM. Group 3 had statistically significant increase in VO2peak values: l/min 6.8 \u00b19.3% (p<0.01), ml/kg/min 8.9 \u00b123.3% (p<0.01), ml/ffm/min 6.4 \u00b131.8% (p<0.05), at VT1 13.1 \u00b19.4% (p<0.01), 15.5 \u00b128.6% (p<0.01), 6.4 \u00b117.6% (p<0.01) and VT2 13.1\u00b14.1% (p<0.01), 15.5 \u00b118.4% (p<0.01), 6.4 \u00b14.7% (p<0.05). Group 1 and 2 had no statistically significant changes at any anthropometrical or VO2 variable. All the groups had statistically significant increases in power output at peak level (on average12, 12 and 16W, respectively). Group 2 and 3 also had significant increase at VT1 10 and 14W and VT2 10 and 15W, respectively. Changes in cardiorespiratory fitness were mostly independent from changes in anthropometry. All participants had significant drop in HR (3%, p<0,05) and diastolic blood pressure (5%, p<0,01), but not in systolic blood pressure or rate of perceived exertion (RPE) at moderate exercise intensity (60W female/ 80W male).\nConclusions. This study suggests that highly personalized training interventions are more effective in producing positive changes in cardiorespiratory fitness, exercise performance, and anthropometry than those following general guidelines. Improving and measuring cardiorespiratory fitness is more important than to follow anthropometrical values to get initiation and progress of an effective lifestyle intervention. Technology alone is not the answer to get people motivated to increase their physical activity. Improvement reached in exercise performance helps participants to survive at their daily physical activities and continue physical training.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by Paivi Vuorio (paelvuor@jyu.fi) on 2022-10-06T05:54:06Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 0", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2022-10-06T05:54:06Z (GMT). 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