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Hengityslihasten väsymisen on havaittu rajoittavan fyysistä suorituskykyä niin sairailla kuin terveillä tutkittavilla. Hengityslihasten harjoittelulla voidaan tehostaa hengitystoimintoja, vähentää koettua hengenahdistusta sekä lisätä hengityslihasten voimantuottoa, millä on fyysistä suorituskykyä edistävä vaikutus. WellO₂ on suomalainen hengitysharjoituslaite, jonka vaikutuksia hengityselimistön toimintakykyyn ei ole tutkittu. Tämän tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli selvittää, lisääkö WellO₂-laitteella suoritettu vastustettu sisäänhengitysharjoittelu
hengityslihasten voimantuottoa ja aerobista suorituskykyä terveillä fyysisesti aktiivisilla miehillä ja naisilla.
Tutkittavat olivat 21–41-vuotiaita terveitä liikunnallisesti aktiivisia naisia ja miehiä (n = 38, ikä 30 ± 5 v, pituus 1,73 ± 0,08 m, paino 72,7 ± 12,2 kg, painoindeksi 23,9 ± 2,7 ja maksimaalinen hapenottokyky (VO₂ₘₐₓ) 44,9 ± 6,5 ml/kg/min). Tutkittavat satunnaistettiin koe- (n = 19) ja kontrolliryhmiin (n = 19). Molemmat ryhmät harjoittelivat 5 kertaa viikossa vapaavalintaisina päivinä, 30 vastustettua sisäänhengitystä päivässä, 4 viikon ajan. Kontrolliryhmän käyttämä vastus hengitysharjoittelussa oli pienempi kuin koeryhmällä (20–25 cmH₂O (naisilla ja
miehillä) vs. 60–70 cmH₂0 (naisilla) / 90–120 cmH₂O (miehillä)). Sekä alku- että lopputesteissä tutkittavilta mitattiin pituus, paino, maksimaalisen polkupyöräergometritestin aikainen maksimiteho, veren laktaatti, testin kesto ja maksimisyke, sekä vastemuuttujat sisään- (MIP) ja uloshengityslihasten (MEP) voimantuotto, sekä maksimaalinen hapenottokyky. Tilastollisissa analyyseissä verrattiin keskiarvoja sekä ryhmien sisällä, että ryhmien välillä. Lisäksi vastemuuttujille laskettiin efektikoko.
Ryhmien välillä ei havaittu tilastollisesti merkitseviä eroja minkään muuttujien osalta (p > 0,05). MIP parani koeryhmässä tilastollisesti erittäin merkitsevästi (+14,1 cmH₂O / 10,5 %, p < 0,001) ja kontrolliryhmässä merkitsevästi (+10,1 cmH₂O / 7,8 %, p < 0,01) alku- ja loppumittausten välillä. VO₂ₘₐₓ tai MEP eivät muuttuneet kummassakaan ryhmässä tilastollisesti merkitsevästi.
WellO₂-laitteella suoritettu sisäänhengitysharjoittelu lisää sisäänhengityslihasten
voimantuottoa terveillä aktiiviliikkujilla pienelläkin vastustasolla. Vaikka VO₂ₘₐₓ ei tässä tutkimuksessa parantunut tilastollisesti merkitsevästi, tulisi jatkossa selvittää harjoittelun vaikutusta muihin kestävyyssuorituskyvyn muuttujiin.
Respiratory muscle fatigue has been found to limit physical performance in both patient population and healthy subjects. Respiratory muscle exercise can enhance respiratory function, reduce perceived dyspnea and increase respiratory muscle strength, which in turn enhances physical performance. WellO₂ is a Finnish respiratory exercise device that has not been studied for its effects on respiratory function. The aim of this study was to determine whether inspiratory muscle training with WellO₂ increases respiratory muscle strength and aerobic performance in healthy physically active men and women.
The participants in this study were healthy physically active men and women aged 21–41 years (n = 38, age 30 ± 5 yrs, height 1,73 ± 0,08 m, weight 72,7 ± 12,2 kg, body mass index 23,9 ± 2,7 and maximal oxygen uptake (VO₂ₘₐₓ) 44,9 ± 6,5 ml/kg/min). The subjects were randomized in the experimental and control groups. Both groups exercised 5 times per week on free days, 30 resisted inhalations per day, for 4 weeks. The resistance used by the control group during inhalation training was lower than the experimental group (20–25 cmH₂O (women and men)
vs. 60–70 cmH₂0 (women) / 90–120 cmH₂O (men)). At both the initial and final tests, subjects were measured for height, weight, maximal power output during the maximal cycle ergometer test, blood lactate, test duration and maximal heart rate and the outcome variables inspiratory (MIP) and expiratory (MEP) muscle strength and maximal oxygen uptake (VO₂ₘₐₓ). Statistical analyses compared means both within and between groups. In addition, an effect size was calculated for the outcome variables.
No statistically significant differences were observed between groups for any of the variables p > 0,05). MIP improvement was statistically significant both in the experimental group (+14,1 cmH₂O / 10,5%, p < 0,001) and in the control group (+10,1 cmH₂O / 7,8%, p < 0,01) between the initial and final measurements. There was no statistically significant change in VO₂ₘₐₓ or MEP in either group.
Inspiratory muscle training with the WellO₂ device increases strength of the inspiratory muscles in healthy, physically active adults even at relatively low resistance levels. Although VO₂ₘₐₓ did not statistically significantly improve in this study, the effect of training on other endurance performance variables should be investigated in the future.
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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Multanen, Juhani", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Ihalainen, Johanna", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Ahokas, Essi", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "M\u00e4kel\u00e4, Tino", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2022-07-05T06:09:55Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2022-07-05T06:09:55Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2022", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/82199", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Hengityslihasten v\u00e4symisen on havaittu rajoittavan fyysist\u00e4 suorituskyky\u00e4 niin sairailla kuin terveill\u00e4 tutkittavilla. Hengityslihasten harjoittelulla voidaan tehostaa hengitystoimintoja, v\u00e4hent\u00e4\u00e4 koettua hengenahdistusta sek\u00e4 lis\u00e4t\u00e4 hengityslihasten voimantuottoa, mill\u00e4 on fyysist\u00e4 suorituskyky\u00e4 edist\u00e4v\u00e4 vaikutus. WellO\u2082 on suomalainen hengitysharjoituslaite, jonka vaikutuksia hengityselimist\u00f6n toimintakykyyn ei ole tutkittu. T\u00e4m\u00e4n tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli selvitt\u00e4\u00e4, lis\u00e4\u00e4k\u00f6 WellO\u2082-laitteella suoritettu vastustettu sis\u00e4\u00e4nhengitysharjoittelu\nhengityslihasten voimantuottoa ja aerobista suorituskyky\u00e4 terveill\u00e4 fyysisesti aktiivisilla miehill\u00e4 ja naisilla.\n\nTutkittavat olivat 21\u201341-vuotiaita terveit\u00e4 liikunnallisesti aktiivisia naisia ja miehi\u00e4 (n = 38, ik\u00e4 30 \u00b1 5 v, pituus 1,73 \u00b1 0,08 m, paino 72,7 \u00b1 12,2 kg, painoindeksi 23,9 \u00b1 2,7 ja maksimaalinen hapenottokyky (VO\u2082\u2098\u2090\u2093) 44,9 \u00b1 6,5 ml/kg/min). Tutkittavat satunnaistettiin koe- (n = 19) ja kontrolliryhmiin (n = 19). Molemmat ryhm\u00e4t harjoittelivat 5 kertaa viikossa vapaavalintaisina p\u00e4ivin\u00e4, 30 vastustettua sis\u00e4\u00e4nhengityst\u00e4 p\u00e4iv\u00e4ss\u00e4, 4 viikon ajan. Kontrolliryhm\u00e4n k\u00e4ytt\u00e4m\u00e4 vastus hengitysharjoittelussa oli pienempi kuin koeryhm\u00e4ll\u00e4 (20\u201325 cmH\u2082O (naisilla ja\nmiehill\u00e4) vs. 60\u201370 cmH\u20820 (naisilla) / 90\u2013120 cmH\u2082O (miehill\u00e4)). Sek\u00e4 alku- ett\u00e4 lopputesteiss\u00e4 tutkittavilta mitattiin pituus, paino, maksimaalisen polkupy\u00f6r\u00e4ergometritestin aikainen maksimiteho, veren laktaatti, testin kesto ja maksimisyke, sek\u00e4 vastemuuttujat sis\u00e4\u00e4n- (MIP) ja uloshengityslihasten (MEP) voimantuotto, sek\u00e4 maksimaalinen hapenottokyky. Tilastollisissa analyyseiss\u00e4 verrattiin keskiarvoja sek\u00e4 ryhmien sis\u00e4ll\u00e4, ett\u00e4 ryhmien v\u00e4lill\u00e4. Lis\u00e4ksi vastemuuttujille laskettiin efektikoko.\n\nRyhmien v\u00e4lill\u00e4 ei havaittu tilastollisesti merkitsevi\u00e4 eroja mink\u00e4\u00e4n muuttujien osalta (p > 0,05). MIP parani koeryhm\u00e4ss\u00e4 tilastollisesti eritt\u00e4in merkitsev\u00e4sti (+14,1 cmH\u2082O / 10,5 %, p < 0,001) ja kontrolliryhm\u00e4ss\u00e4 merkitsev\u00e4sti (+10,1 cmH\u2082O / 7,8 %, p < 0,01) alku- ja loppumittausten v\u00e4lill\u00e4. VO\u2082\u2098\u2090\u2093 tai MEP eiv\u00e4t muuttuneet kummassakaan ryhm\u00e4ss\u00e4 tilastollisesti merkitsev\u00e4sti.\n\nWellO\u2082-laitteella suoritettu sis\u00e4\u00e4nhengitysharjoittelu lis\u00e4\u00e4 sis\u00e4\u00e4nhengityslihasten\nvoimantuottoa terveill\u00e4 aktiiviliikkujilla pienell\u00e4kin vastustasolla. Vaikka VO\u2082\u2098\u2090\u2093 ei t\u00e4ss\u00e4 tutkimuksessa parantunut tilastollisesti merkitsev\u00e4sti, tulisi jatkossa selvitt\u00e4\u00e4 harjoittelun vaikutusta muihin kest\u00e4vyyssuorituskyvyn muuttujiin.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Respiratory muscle fatigue has been found to limit physical performance in both patient population and healthy subjects. Respiratory muscle exercise can enhance respiratory function, reduce perceived dyspnea and increase respiratory muscle strength, which in turn enhances physical performance. WellO\u2082 is a Finnish respiratory exercise device that has not been studied for its effects on respiratory function. The aim of this study was to determine whether inspiratory muscle training with WellO\u2082 increases respiratory muscle strength and aerobic performance in healthy physically active men and women.\n\nThe participants in this study were healthy physically active men and women aged 21\u201341 years (n = 38, age 30 \u00b1 5 yrs, height 1,73 \u00b1 0,08 m, weight 72,7 \u00b1 12,2 kg, body mass index 23,9 \u00b1 2,7 and maximal oxygen uptake (VO\u2082\u2098\u2090\u2093) 44,9 \u00b1 6,5 ml/kg/min). The subjects were randomized in the experimental and control groups. Both groups exercised 5 times per week on free days, 30 resisted inhalations per day, for 4 weeks. The resistance used by the control group during inhalation training was lower than the experimental group (20\u201325 cmH\u2082O (women and men)\nvs. 60\u201370 cmH\u20820 (women) / 90\u2013120 cmH\u2082O (men)). At both the initial and final tests, subjects were measured for height, weight, maximal power output during the maximal cycle ergometer test, blood lactate, test duration and maximal heart rate and the outcome variables inspiratory (MIP) and expiratory (MEP) muscle strength and maximal oxygen uptake (VO\u2082\u2098\u2090\u2093). Statistical analyses compared means both within and between groups. In addition, an effect size was calculated for the outcome variables.\n\nNo statistically significant differences were observed between groups for any of the variables p > 0,05). MIP improvement was statistically significant both in the experimental group (+14,1 cmH\u2082O / 10,5%, p < 0,001) and in the control group (+10,1 cmH\u2082O / 7,8%, p < 0,01) between the initial and final measurements. There was no statistically significant change in VO\u2082\u2098\u2090\u2093 or MEP in either group.\n\nInspiratory muscle training with the WellO\u2082 device increases strength of the inspiratory muscles in healthy, physically active adults even at relatively low resistance levels. Although VO\u2082\u2098\u2090\u2093 did not statistically significantly improve in this study, the effect of training on other endurance performance variables should be investigated in the future.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by Paivi Vuorio (paelvuor@jyu.fi) on 2022-07-05T06:09:55Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 0", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2022-07-05T06:09:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0\n Previous issue date: 2022", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "86", "language": "", "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "fin", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "vastustettu sis\u00e4\u00e4nhengitysharjoittelu", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "hengityslihasten voimantuotto", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "kest\u00e4vyyssuorituskyky", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Vastustetun sis\u00e4\u00e4nhengitysharjoittelun vaikutus hengityslihasten voimantuottoon sek\u00e4 aerobiseen suorituskykyyn terveill\u00e4 aktiiviliikkujilla : satunnaistettu kontrolloitu tutkimus", "language": "", "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202207053804", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Liikuntatieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Liikunta- ja terveystieteet", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Sport and Health Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Fysioterapia", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Physiotherapy", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.funding", "value": "0", "language": "", "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "funding", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "restrictedAccess", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.oppiainekoodi", "value": "50422", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "oppiainekoodi", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "hengitys", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "suorituskyky", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "harjoittelu", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.content", "value": "fulltext", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "content", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": "https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "url", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accessrights", "value": "The author has not given permission to make the work publicly available electronically. Therefore the material can be read only at the archival workstation at Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 University Library (https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/collections/archival-workstation).", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accessrights", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accessrights", "value": "Tekij\u00e4 ei ole antanut lupaa avoimeen julkaisuun, joten aineisto on luettavissa vain Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopiston kirjaston arkistoty\u00f6semalta. Ks. https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/kokoelmat/arkistotyoasema..", "language": "fi", "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accessrights", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.okm", "value": "G2", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "okm", "schema": "dc"}]
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