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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Piitulainen, Harri", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Hakonen, Maria", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Huttunen, Valtteri", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2022-06-29T10:25:35Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2022-06-29T10:25:35Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2022", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/82095", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "CP-vamma (engl. cerebral palsy) kattaa laajan kirjon kehityksellisi\u00e4 motorisen toiminnan h\u00e4iri\u00f6it\u00e4. Aiheuttajana on yleens\u00e4 aivoihin kohdistuva vamma tai poikkeama. Oireyhtym\u00e4 on luonteeltaan pysyv\u00e4, mutta non-progressiivinen. Motoristen h\u00e4iri\u00f6iden ohella esiintyy usein sensorisen prosessoinnin, kognition ja kommunikaation heikkenemist\u00e4. Aivojen magneettikuvauksella (MRI) havaitaan CP-vammassa usein valkean ja harmaan aineen katoa. Vaurioita ja poikkeamia tavataan aivoissa sek\u00e4 kortikaalisella ett\u00e4 subkortikaalisella tasolla. Sensorimotorisen toiminnan taso on usein CP-vammassa alentunut. T\u00e4m\u00e4n havaintotutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli verrata subkortikaalisten rakenteiden morfometriaa CP-vammaisten lasten (CP-ryhm\u00e4) ja neurotyypillisesti kehittyneiden vertaisten (TD-ryhm\u00e4) v\u00e4lill\u00e4. Lis\u00e4ksi tutkittiin morfometrian yhteytt\u00e4 motorista suorituskyky\u00e4 ja sensorimotorista integraatiota mittaavien testien tuloksiin. \n\nTutkimusotoksen muodostivat 31 CP:t\u00e4 (ik\u00e4 13,3 \u00b12,2 v) ja 34 TD:t\u00e4 (ik\u00e4 14,0 \u00b1 2,4). CP-ryhm\u00e4ss\u00e4 18:lla oli hemiplegia ja 13:lla diplegia. Tutkittavien T1-painotetut aivojen MRI-kuvat tarkastettiin, k\u00e4siteltiin ja segmentoitiin MRI-analyysiin soveltuvalla kuvank\u00e4sittelyohjelmalla (FreeSurfer). Segmentointiprosessissa laskettiin tilavuudet aivorungolle, talamukselle, sek\u00e4 pikkuaivojen valkealle (PIKKUWM) ja harmaalle aineelle (PIKKUGM). Lis\u00e4ksi tarkasteltiin aivojen kokonaistilavuutta (KOKTIL) ja isoaivojen valkean aineen tilavuutta (ISOWM). Tutkittaville oli tehty useita motorista suorituskyky\u00e4 ja sensorimotoriikka mittaavia toiminnallisia testej\u00e4. Nine-hole-peg testin (PEG ) ja Box & Block Testin (B &B) normalisoiduista tuloksista muodostettiin k\u00e4sien motorista taitoa kuvaava muuttuja (MOTtaito ). Tutkittavilta arvioitiin sek\u00e4 stereognosiaa (ett\u00e4 kinestesiaa. Seisoma-asennon staattista tasapainoa (STABstaat) tarkasteltiin painelevymittauksella , ja k\u00e4velynaikaista dynaamista tasapainokyky\u00e4 (STABdyn) inertiaalimittausyksik\u00f6ill\u00e4 (IMU).\n\nTuloksissa ilmeni selkeit\u00e4 ryhmien v\u00e4lisi\u00e4 eroja valikoitujen aivorakenteiden tilavuuksissa (p \u2264 0,001\u20130,027). Aivojen kokonaistilavuuden kontrollointi vaimensi eroja hieman (p \u2264 0,001\u20130,040), mutta kaiken kaikkiaan tilavuudet olivat kuitenkin CP:ll\u00e4 selv\u00e4sti alhaisemmat kuin TD:ll\u00e4. Sensorimotorisissa testeiss\u00e4 CP:n tulokset olivat huomattavasti TD:t\u00e4 heikommat (p \u2264 0,001\u20130,006). Pienempi aivorungon tilavuus oli yhteydess\u00e4 heikompaan k\u00e4den kinestesiaan (r = \u20130,298; p = 0,049). Heikompi MOTtaito oli yhteydess\u00e4 pienemp\u00e4\u00e4n tilavuuteen sek\u00e4 aivorungossa (r = 0,378; p = 0,010), ett\u00e4 talamuksessa (\u03c1 = 0,386; p = 0,016). Usean muuttujan lineaariseen regressiomalliin (MLR) sis\u00e4llytettiin kontrollimuuttujiksi ik\u00e4, sukupuoli ja aivojen kokonaistilavuus. Aivorungon havaittiin ennustavan merkitsev\u00e4sti (\u03b2 = \u20130,45; p = 0,020) kinestesiaa (R2 = 0,37; p = 0,001). Pienempi aivorunko ennusti heikompaa kinestesiaa. Ryhmien v\u00e4liset erot rakenteellisissa ja motorisissa muuttujissa vastasivat hypoteeseja ja mukailivat aikaisempaa tutkimustietoa. Aivorunko vaikuttaa keskeiselt\u00e4 rakenteelta, joka voi selitt\u00e4\u00e4 CP-vamman sensorimotorisia oireita. Aivorungon tilavuuden yhteys kinestesiaan heijastelee rakenteen t\u00e4rke\u00e4\u00e4 roolia motorisen suunnittelun ja toteutuksen mahdollistajana.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Cerebral palsy (CP) encompasses a large variety of developmental motor disorders, often caused by an injury or abnormality in the brain. The condition is permanent but non-progressing. In addition to motor impairments, decline in sensory processing, cognition and communication is observed often. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain has been used to detect loss of white and grey matter volumes in CP. Lesions and abnormalities are observed on both cortical and subcortical levels alike. Manual fine motor dexterity, as well as balance and other measures of sensorimotor function are often decreased in CP. The purpose of this observational study was to compare subcortical structural morphometry between children with CP and their typically develop peers (TD). The association of morphometry on measures of motor performance and sensorimotor integration was also investigated.\n\nThe study sample consisted of 31 CP (13,3 \u00b12,2 years old) and 34 TD (14,0 \u00b12,4 years old) children. Among the CP group 18 were hemiplegic and 13 were diplegic. T1-weighted MRI of the brain was inspected, processed and segmented with an image processing software (FreeSurfer) suited for morphometry analysis. The segmentation yielded volumes for brainstem, thalamus, cerebellar white (PIKKUWM) and grey matter (PIKKUGM). The total brain volume (KOKTIL) was also examined, in addition to cerebral white matter volume (ISOWM). The subjects went through multiple tests assessing sensorimotor performance. Nine hole peg test (PEG) and Box & Block Test (B&B) yielded a variable describing manual motor skill (MOTtaito). Stereognosia and kinesthesia were assessed. Postural static stability (STABstaat) was determined on a force plate. Dynamic stability (STABdyn) during walking was assessed via wearable inertial measurement units (IMU).\n\nSignificant group differences were found in the selected brain structures (p \u2264 0,001\u20130,027). Controlling for total brain volume attenuated the between groups effect slightly (p \u2264 0,001\u20130,040), but overall, the volumes were significantly lower in CP compared to TD. Sensorimotor test scores were significantly lower in CP (p \u2264 0,001\u20130,006). Lesser volume of the brainstem was associated with decreased kinesthesia (r = \u20130,298; p = 0,049). Lesser MOTtaito was associated with a greater volume in brainstem (r = 0,378; p = 0,010) and thalamus (\u03c1 = 0,386; p = 0,016). Age, sex, and total brain volume were entered into multiple linear regression (MLR) as control variables. Brainstem (\u03b2 = \u20130,45; p = 0,020) predicted kinesthesia significantly (R2 = 0,37; p = 0,001). Smaller brainstem volumes predicted decreased kinesthesia. Group differences in both structural and motor variables were in line with the hypotheses. Brainstem seems to be a central structure that could explain the sensorimotor symptoms in CP. The association of brainstem with kinesthesia its vital role in enabling motor planning and execution.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by Miia Hakanen (mihakane@jyu.fi) on 2022-06-29T10:25:35Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 0", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2022-06-29T10:25:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0\n Previous issue date: 2022", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "53", "language": "", "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "fin", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "CP-vamma", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "subkortikaalinen", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "morfometria. sensoriikka", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "motorinen suorituskyky", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "sensorimotorinen", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Aivojen subkortikaalisten rakenteiden morfometrian yhteys motoriseen suorituskykyyn CP-vammaisilla lapsilla", "language": "", "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202206293695", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Liikuntatieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Liikunta- ja terveystieteet", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Sport and Health Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Biomekaniikka", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Biomechanics", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.funding", "value": "0", "language": "", "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "funding", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "openAccess", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.oppiainekoodi", "value": "5012", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "oppiainekoodi", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "aivot", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "motoriikka", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "CP-vammaiset", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "h\u00e4iri\u00f6t", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "motorinen kehitys", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.content", "value": "fulltext", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "content", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": "https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": 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