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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Kyt\u00f6l\u00e4, Samu", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Huovinen, Aino", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2022-06-20T09:01:31Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2022-06-20T09:01:31Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2022", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/81886", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Kuolema ja l\u00e4heisen menetys ovat v\u00e4ist\u00e4m\u00e4tt\u00f6mi\u00e4 tapahtumia el\u00e4m\u00e4ss\u00e4mme, jotka her\u00e4tt\u00e4v\u00e4t usein voimakkaita tunteita. K\u00e4sitteen\u00e4 kuoleman ymm\u00e4rt\u00e4minen ja siit\u00e4 puhuminen voi olla vaikeaa. Lapset ovat usein kiinnostuneita filosofista ja moraalisista kysymyksist\u00e4, joihin kuolemakin lukeutuu, mutta ihmiselle niinkin h\u00e4mment\u00e4v\u00e4st\u00e4 ja voimakkaita tunteita aiheuttavasta kysymyksest\u00e4 kuten kuolemasta kertominen lapsille voi tuntua hankalalta. Lastenkirjallisuudessa kuolema on kuitenkin melko yleinen teema. Useissa saduissa kuolema esitet\u00e4\u00e4n moraalisena opetukena siit\u00e4, kuinka paha saa lopulta palkkansa. Nykyp\u00e4iv\u00e4n lastenkirjoissa teemaa k\u00e4sitell\u00e4\u00e4n kuitenkin my\u00f6s realistisemmasta n\u00e4k\u00f6kulmasta, jossa kuoleman hetki ja menetykseen liittyv\u00e4t tunteet ovat keski\u00f6ss\u00e4. Vaikeita teemoja k\u00e4sitell\u00e4\u00e4n usein el\u00e4inhahmojen kautta kahdesta syyst\u00e4: toisaalta pienet lapset samaistuvat helpommin el\u00e4inhahmoihin, ja toisaalta vaikeita asioita on helpompaa k\u00e4sitell\u00e4 hahmojen muodostaman et\u00e4isyyden takia. Pro gradu -tutkielmani tavoitteena oli selvitt\u00e4\u00e4, miten kuolemaa ja menetykseen liittyvi\u00e4 tunteita esitet\u00e4\u00e4n englanninkielisess\u00e4 lastenkirjallisuudessa el\u00e4inhahmojen kautta. Tutkielman keski\u00f6ss\u00e4 olivat eri metaforat ja muut kielelliset ilmaukset, jotka k\u00e4sitteliv\u00e4t kuolemaa, kuolemanj\u00e4lkeist\u00e4 el\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4 ja menetykseen liittyvi\u00e4 tunteita. Tutkimukseen valittiin kuusi englanninkielist\u00e4 lastenkirjaa, joista nelj\u00e4 oli kuvakirjoja ja kaksi romaania. Laadullinen analyysi toteutettiin hy\u00f6dynt\u00e4en KWIC (key-word-in-context) -tutkimusmenetelm\u00e4\u00e4, jossa aineistosta etsittiin esiin nousevia ja toistuvia sanoja ja fraaseja, ja niist\u00e4 muodostuvia teemoja. \n\nTutkimuksen tulokset osoittivat, ett\u00e4 kuvainnollisen kielen k\u00e4ytt\u00e4minen on yleist\u00e4 lastenkirjoissa, jotka k\u00e4sittelev\u00e4t kuolemaa. Kuvakirjoissa metaforia esiintyi keskim\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4isesti enemm\u00e4n romaaneihin verrattuna. Kuolemanj\u00e4lkeist\u00e4 el\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4 kirjallisuudessa ei juurikaan esitetty, ja kysymys siit\u00e4 mit\u00e4 kuoleman j\u00e4lkeen tapahtuu, j\u00e4i avoimeksi kaikissa kirjoissa. T\u00e4m\u00e4 antaa toisaalta lapsille mahdollisuuden pohtia t\u00e4t\u00e4 filosofista kysymyst\u00e4 itse ilman ett\u00e4 tarinoihin liittyy yksipuolista tai ideologista opetusta. Menetykseen liittyviss\u00e4 tunteissa aineistosta nousi esiin erityisesti kaksi surun vaihetta: masennus ja hyv\u00e4ksyminen. Kirjat kuvasivat suruun liittyvi\u00e4 eri tunteita, kuten ep\u00e4toivoa, vihaa ja alakuloisuutta. Yhten\u00e4isen\u00e4 teemana kirjoista kuitenkin nousi esiin, ett\u00e4 suruajan kestetty\u00e4 jonkin aikaa vaikeat tunteet alkoivat helpottaa, ja p\u00e4ivist\u00e4 alkoi j\u00e4lleen l\u00f6yty\u00e4 jotain hyv\u00e4\u00e4. Tutkimuksen tuloksia ei voida yleist\u00e4\u00e4 kaikkeen teemaa k\u00e4sittelev\u00e4\u00e4n englanninkieliseen lastenkirjallisuuteen, sill\u00e4 aineiston m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4 on hyvin rajallinen. Jatkotutkimuksissa olisi my\u00f6s hyv\u00e4 huomioida eri ik\u00e4ryhmille suunnatun kirjallisuuden mahdolliset erot teeman k\u00e4sittelyss\u00e4.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by Miia Hakanen (mihakane@jyu.fi) on 2022-06-20T09:01:31Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 0", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2022-06-20T09:01:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0\n Previous issue date: 2022", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "44", "language": "", "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "eng", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "death representations", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Death Representations of Animal Characters in Children's Literature", "language": "", "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202206203495", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Humanistis-yhteiskuntatieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Kieli- ja viestint\u00e4tieteiden laitos", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": 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