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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Kyr\u00f6l\u00e4inen, Heikki", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Heinonen, Ilkka", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Neuvonen, Joona", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2022-04-12T05:40:04Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2022-04-12T05:40:04Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2022", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/80561", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Johdanto: Fyysinen aktiivisuus parantaa kaikenik\u00e4isten kognitiivisia kykyj\u00e4. Aerobinen liikunta lis\u00e4\u00e4 lyhytaikaisesti kognitiivista suorituskyky\u00e4. Ilmi\u00f6t\u00e4 kutsutaan \u201daerobiseksi herkist\u00e4miseksi\u201d. Herkist\u00e4minen n\u00e4kyy lis\u00e4\u00e4ntyneen\u00e4 aivokuoren aktivaationa v\u00e4litt\u00f6m\u00e4sti liikunnan j\u00e4lkeen. Toiminnallinen magneettikuvantaminen (fMRI) on tehokas tapa mitata aivojen aktivaatiota. Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena on hy\u00f6dynt\u00e4\u00e4 lepotilan fMRI:ta mittaamaan spontaania aktivaatiota kovatehoisen liikunnan j\u00e4lkeen. \nMenetelm\u00e4t: Tutkimuksen koehenkil\u00f6ille (n=14) tehtiin ennakkotarkastus ja kuntotesti (VO2peak). Tutkimusohjelmaan kuului 5+25 min 50/70%VO2peak -py\u00f6r\u00e4ergometriakuormitus ja fMRI ennen ja j\u00e4lkeen kuormituksen. Liikunnan akuutteja vaikutuksia aivojen spontaaniin aktivaatioon tutkittiin erist\u00e4m\u00e4ll\u00e4 matalien taajuuksien amplitudit (ALFF) lepotilan fMRI-kuvista ja vertailtiin lepotilan kuvia 30, 60 ja 90 min kuviin. FMRI-kuvien esik\u00e4sittelyss\u00e4 sek\u00e4 yksil\u00f6- ja ryhm\u00e4analyyseiss\u00e4 k\u00e4ytetiin MATLABin ty\u00f6kaluja DPABIa ja SPM12a. Varianssianalyysej\u00e4 k\u00e4ytettiin tilastollisten erojen sek\u00e4 laktaatin selitt\u00e4v\u00e4n vaikutuksen l\u00f6yt\u00e4miseen kuvista. Korrelaatioita kuvien ja koehenkil\u00f6iden i\u00e4n, sukupuolen, painoindeksin, rasvaprosentin, laktaatin ja VO2peak:n v\u00e4lill\u00e4 katsottiin usean muuttujan regressioanalyysill\u00e4. Tulokset korjattiin yhdistetyll\u00e4 merkitsevyystasolla (FWE) v\u00e4\u00e4rien positiivisten varalta. \nTulokset: Akuutti aerobinen liikuntakuormitus lis\u00e4si tehokkaasti alueellista spontaania aivoaktivaatiota 30 min kuormituksen j\u00e4lkeen. Kuormituksen j\u00e4lkeen aktivaatio kohosi otsa-, p\u00e4\u00e4laki- ja takaraivolohkossa sek\u00e4 pikkuaivoissa. Laktaattikorjauksella otsalohkon kohonnutta aktivaatiota ei havaittu. ALFF korreloi negatiivisesti 30 min kuormituksen j\u00e4lkeen painoindeksin kanssa otsa- ja takaraivolohkossa, mutta muita korrelaatiota ei l\u00f6ydetty.\nJohtop\u00e4\u00e4t\u00f6kset: Tulokset viittaavat korkeatehoisen aerobisen liikunnan lis\u00e4\u00e4v\u00e4n spontaania aivoaktivaatiota 30 min kuormituksen j\u00e4lkeen, mik\u00e4 tukee \u201daerobista herkist\u00e4mist\u00e4\u201d. Osa tuloksista viittaa korkean painoindeksin vaimentavan liikunnan j\u00e4lkeist\u00e4 aktivaatiota, mutta n\u00e4ytt\u00f6 on ep\u00e4johdonmukaista. Kuormituksen j\u00e4lkeiset aluetason muutokset n\u00e4ytt\u00e4v\u00e4t riippuvan kuormituksen intensiteetist\u00e4, sill\u00e4 laktaattikorjaus muutti tuloksia. Vahvoja johtop\u00e4\u00e4t\u00f6ksi\u00e4 ei voida kuitenkaan aluetasoisista muutoksista tehd\u00e4, sill\u00e4 k\u00e4ytetty monivertailumalli ei ehk\u00e4 sovellu tutkimukseen. Tulevaisuudessa herkist\u00e4mistutkimuksissa tulisi k\u00e4ytt\u00e4\u00e4 yhten\u00e4ist\u00e4 monivertailumallia, ja niihin kannattaisi yhteensovittaa my\u00f6s muita aktivaation mittaustapoja.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Introduction: Physical activity improves cognitive function in all age groups. Aerobic exercise enhances short-term cognitive performance. This is known as \u201caerobic priming\u201d effect. Priming effects is shown as heightened brain cortical activity after exercise. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a noninvasive and effective tool to measure brain activity. In this study resting-state fMRI is utilized to measure spontaneous brain activity acutely after vigorous-intensity aerobic exercise. \nMethods: Study subjects (n=14) were screened, and exercise tested (VO2peak) beforehand. All subjects underwent the same study protocol, which consisted of 5+25 min 50/70%VO2peak cycle ergometry exercise and fMRI. Exercise-induced changes to spontaneous brain activity was measured by extracting amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFF) from resting-state fMRI and comparing 30-, 60- and 90-min post-exercise images to baseline. FMRI-toolboxes, DPABI and SPM12 in MATLAB, were used for image preprocessing, first- and second-level analyses. Analyses of variance with and without correcting for lactate nuisance effect were used in pre- and post-exercise fMRIs. Correlations in ALFF and subject age, sex, BMI, fat-%, lactate and VO2peak were checked with multiple regression analysis. All results were family-wise error (FWE) corrected for false positive findings.\nResults: Acute aerobic exercise increased regional spontaneous brain activity 30 min post-exercise in the frontal-, the parietal-, the occipital lobe and cerebellum. Correcting with individual lactate responses to exercise, increased frontal lobe activation were not found. 30-min ALFF negatively correlated with BMI in the frontal and occipital lobes but no other correlations with age, sex, fat-%, lactate and VO2peak were found. \nConclusions: These results suggest that acute vigorous-exercise aerobic exercise effectively increase spontaneous brain activity 30 min after exercise affirming \u201caerobic priming\u201d theory. Some findings suggest that high BMI attenuates some activation after exercise, but the evidence is inconsistent. Brain region-specific activation patterns seem exercise intensity specific as lactate correction changed results. No strong conclusions in region-specific changes could be drawn as chosen multiple comparison model may not be suitable for this study. A fixed multiple comparison model should be used for priming studies and other activation methods implemented simultaneously to better study priming-related regional effects in future research.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by Paivi Vuorio (paelvuor@jyu.fi) on 2022-04-12T05:40:04Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 0", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-12T05:40:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0\n Previous issue date: 2022", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "61", "language": "", "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "eng", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "aerobic exercise", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "spontaneous brain activity", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Acute effects of vigorous-intensity aerobic exercise on spontaneous brain activity in healthy adults : an explorative fMRI study", "language": "", "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202204122239", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Liikuntatieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": 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