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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Ahtiainen, Juha", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Pietil\u00e4, Hanna-Mari", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2022-01-13T07:04:31Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2022-01-13T07:04:31Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2021", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/79348", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Kest\u00e4vyyssuorituskyky on t\u00e4rke\u00e4\u00e4 jalkapallossa, sill\u00e4 maksimaalisen hapenottokyvyn (VO2max) nousun on havaittu olevan yhteydess\u00e4 parantuneeseen suoritukseen otteluissa. Kest\u00e4vyysharjoittelun onnistumista arvioidaan usein laboratoriotesteill\u00e4 tai lajispesifeill\u00e4 kentt\u00e4testeill\u00e4. My\u00f6s submaksimaalisia testej\u00e4 on ehdotettu. Harjoituskuorma voi olla joukkueurheilijoilla liian suuri tai toisaalta taas riitt\u00e4m\u00e4t\u00f6n, mik\u00e4 voi johtaa v\u00e4symykseen tai suorituskyvyn heikkenemiseen. Menetelm\u00e4, joka arvioi urheilijan yksil\u00f6llisi\u00e4 vasteita harjoitteluun, on hy\u00f6dyllinen, jotta harjoittelua voidaan valvoa ja muokata urheilijan yksil\u00f6llisten tarpeiden mukaan. T\u00e4m\u00e4n tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli m\u00e4\u00e4ritt\u00e4\u00e4, onko harjoitusjakson aikainen sis\u00e4inen harjoituskuorma yhteydess\u00e4 muutoksiin kest\u00e4vyyssuorituskyvyss\u00e4, ja ovatko viikoittaiset muutokset harjoituskuormassa yhteydess\u00e4 viikoittaisiin muutoksiin v\u00e4symyksen mittareissa naisjalkapalloilijoilla. Lis\u00e4ksi tarkasteltiin onko submaksimaalisen juoksutestin avulla mahdollista arvioida pelaajien kest\u00e4vyyssuorituskyvyn muutoksia.\nViisitoista naisjalkapalloilijaa osallistui tutkimukseen. Tutkittavat suorittivat ottelukauden aikaisen 12 viikon mittaisen ajanjakson alussa ja lopussa maksimaalisen hapenottokyvyn testin. Testist\u00e4 m\u00e4\u00e4ritettiin VO2max ja muita kest\u00e4vyyssuorituskyvyn muuttujia. Harjoituskuormitus ja -intensiteetti m\u00e4\u00e4ritettiin kaikista kent\u00e4ll\u00e4 suoritetuista harjoituksista ja otteluista k\u00e4ytt\u00e4en Edwardsin menetelm\u00e4\u00e4 (Edward\u2019s TL) ja eri sykealueilla vietetty\u00e4 aikaa. Lis\u00e4ksi tutkittavat suorittivat harjoitusviikkojen alussa submaksimaalisen juoksutestin (SRT), josta m\u00e4\u00e4ritettiin sykett\u00e4 (HRSRT), sykkeen palautumista (HRRSRT) ja koettua rasittavuutta (RPESRT) sek\u00e4 kevennyshyppytestin (CMJ) v\u00e4symyksen arvioimiseksi. Tutkittavien koettua palautumista (PRS) kysyttiin my\u00f6s. Submaksimaalinen juoksutesti suoritettiin yhteens\u00e4 7 eri viikon aikana ja kevennyshyppytesti 10 eri viikon aikana.\nVO2max ei muuttunut tilastollisesti merkitsev\u00e4sti tutkimusjakson aikana. Tilastollisesti merkitsev\u00e4\u00e4 korrelaatiota ei l\u00f6ydetty Edward\u2019s TL:n ja VO2max:n prosentuaalisten muutosten (\uf044%VO2max) v\u00e4lill\u00e4. Vietetty aika 90\u2013100 % alueella maksimisykkeest\u00e4 korreloi merkitsev\u00e4sti \uf044%VO2max kanssa (r = 0.74, p < 0.01). HRSRT:n prosentuaalinen muutos korreloi merkitsev\u00e4sti 4 mmol/l juoksunopeuden (S4) prosentuaalisten muutosten kanssa (r = -0.69, p < 0.05). Yksil\u00f6iden v\u00e4lisi\u00e4 korrelaatioita tarkastellessa pieni yhteys (r = 0.29, p < 0.01) havaittiin Edward\u2019s TL:n ja HRRSRT:n viikoittaisten muutosten v\u00e4lill\u00e4, kun taas merkitsev\u00e4\u00e4 yhteytt\u00e4 ei havaittu Edward\u2019s TL:n viikoittaisten muutosten ja HRSRT:n tai CMJ:n viikoittaisten muutosten v\u00e4lill\u00e4. Edward\u2019s TL:n ja PRS:n viikoittaisten muutosten v\u00e4lill\u00e4 havaittiin yhteys (-0.41, p < 0.01). Vastaavanlaisia keskim\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4isi\u00e4 yksil\u00f6n sis\u00e4isi\u00e4 korrelaatioita havaittiin tarkasteltavissa muuttujissa. N\u00e4iss\u00e4 oli kuitenkin suurta yksil\u00f6llist\u00e4 vaihtelua.\nKorkean intensiteetin harjoittelu yli 90 % maksimisykkeest\u00e4 voi olla hy\u00f6dyllist\u00e4 jalkapalloilijoille, kun tavoitteena on kasvattaa tai yll\u00e4pit\u00e4\u00e4 VO2max:a. Sykkeen yksil\u00f6llinen tarkkailu on suositeltavaa, jotta jokaiselle pelaajalle voidaan varmistaa riitt\u00e4v\u00e4sti korkean intensiteetin harjoittelua. Standardoidun 4-minuuttisen submaksimaalisen juoksutestin sykkeen hy\u00f6dynt\u00e4minen voi tarjota aikaa s\u00e4\u00e4st\u00e4v\u00e4n vaihtoehdon kest\u00e4vyyssuorituskyvyn muutosten seurantaan. Vaikuttaa silt\u00e4, ett\u00e4 HR ja CMJ eiv\u00e4t ole herkki\u00e4 akuuteille muutoksille harjoituskuormituksessa. Lis\u00e4\u00e4 tutkimuksia kaivataan harjoituskuorman muutosten ja HRR:n v\u00e4lisen suhteen selvitt\u00e4miseen. On suositeltavaa k\u00e4ytt\u00e4\u00e4 niin objektiivisia, subjektiivisia kuin ulkoisiakin harjoituskuorman mittareita, jotta saadaan mahdollisimman kokonaisvaltainen kuva jalkapalloilijan harjoittelun ja otteluiden vaatimuksista.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Aerobic fitness is important in soccer, as an improvement in maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) has been associated with increased match performance. The aerobic training outcome is usually assessed with laboratory tests or soccer-specific field tests, with submaximal tests also proposed as an alternative. Team sport players may experience training loads either excessive or insufficient, possibly leading to fatigue or a decrease in performance. A method evaluating athletes\u2019 individual responses to training is useful, so the training can be monitored and modified according to athletes\u2019 needs. The purpose of this study was to determine if the total internal training load of a 12-week period was associated with changes in aerobic fitness, and if the changes in weekly internal training load were associated with changes in weekly measures of fatigue with female soccer players. Another aim was to assess if a submaximal running test could be used to detect changes in players\u2019 aerobic fitness.\nFifteen female soccer players participated in the study. The participants performed an incremental treadmill test to measure the VO2max and other aerobic fitness variables at the start and at the end of a 12-week in-season study period. Training load and intensity distribution were measured from all field-based training sessions using the Edward\u2019s training load-method (Edward\u2019s TL) and the time spent in different heart rate-zones. In addition, during the study period the subjects performed a submaximal running test (SRT), with measures of heart rate (HRSRT), heart rate recovery (HRRSRT) and rating of perceived exertion (RPESRT), and a countermovement jump test (CMJ) at the beginning of the training weeks to assess fatigue. Perceived recovery status (PRS) of the participants was also asked. The SRT was performed during 7 weeks and the CMJ-test during 10 weeks.\nNo significant change was observed in VO2max after the study period in group-level. No significant correlation was found between the Edward\u2019s TL and the percentage change in VO2max (\uf044%VO2max). However, the total time spent at 90\u2013100 % of maximal heart rate (HRmax) was very largely and significantly correlated with \uf044%VO2max (r = 0.74, p < 0.01). The percentage change in HRSRT was largely and significantly correlated with the percentage change in the speed at 4 mmol/l (S4) (r = -0.69, p < 0.05). When examining the inter-individual correlations, a small association (r = 0.29, p < 0.01) was found between the weekly changes in Edward\u2019s TL and the weekly changes in HRRSRT, and no significant associations with the weekly changes in HRSRT and CMJ. A moderate correlation was found between the weekly changes in Edward\u2019s TL and the weekly changes in PRS (r = -0.41, p < 0.01). Similar average intra-individual correlations compared to inter-individual correlations were observed for all the variables, with large individual variation in the correlations.\nHigh-intensity training above 90 % of HRmax may be useful with soccer players when the aim is to increase or maintain their VO2max. It is recommended to monitor the players\u2019 HR-responses to training individually and ensure each player an adequate amount of high-intensity training. Utilizing the heart rate of a 4-minute standardized submaximal running test may offer a time-saving alternative to monitor changes in aerobic fitness. It seems that HR and CMJ alone are not sensitive to acute changes in training load measured with Edward\u2019s TL. More research is needed in order to clarify the relationship between changes in training load and HRR. It is recommended to utilize both objective and subjective, as well as external, indicators of training load, in order to have the most comprehensive understanding of the demands of training and match-play of individual players.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by Paivi Vuorio (paelvuor@jyu.fi) on 2022-01-13T07:04:31Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 0", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2022-01-13T07:04:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0\n Previous issue date: 2021", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "71", "language": "", "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "eng", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "urheilijan seuranta", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "sykeseuranta", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "fysiologinen kuormitus", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Training load and its relationhip with measures of aerobic fitness and fatigue, and the monitoring of changes in aerobic fitness with a submaximal running test with high-level female soccer players", "language": "", "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202201131123", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Liikuntatieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Liikunta- ja terveystieteet", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Sport and Health Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Valmennus- ja testausoppi", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Science in Sport Coaching and Fitness Testing", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.funding", "value": "0", "language": "", "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "funding", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "restrictedAccess", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.oppiainekoodi", "value": "5013", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "oppiainekoodi", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "aerobinen suorituskyky", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "joukkueurheilu", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "jalkapallo", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "urheilijat", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "syke", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "aerobic capacity", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "team sports", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "football", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "athletes", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "pulse", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.content", "value": "fulltext", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "content", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": "https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "url", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accessrights", "value": "The author has not given permission to make the work publicly available electronically. Therefore the material can be read only at the archival workstation at Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 University Library (https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/collections/archival-workstation).", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accessrights", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accessrights", "value": "Tekij\u00e4 ei ole antanut lupaa avoimeen julkaisuun, joten aineisto on luettavissa vain Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopiston kirjaston arkistoty\u00f6semalta. Ks. https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/kokoelmat/arkistotyoasema..", "language": "fi", "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accessrights", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.okm", "value": "G2", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "okm", "schema": "dc"}]
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