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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Sundberg, Lotta-Riina", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Almeida, Gabriel", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Rantanen, Noora", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2021-12-17T07:36:22Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2021-12-17T07:36:22Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2021", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/79013", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Luonnossa bakteerit el\u00e4v\u00e4t monimutkaisissa eli\u00f6yhteis\u00f6iss\u00e4, joissa ne vuorovaikuttavat paitsi kesken\u00e4\u00e4n, my\u00f6s bakteereja infektoivien virusten, (bakterio)faagien kanssa. Bakteerien ja faagien v\u00e4lisen koevoluution aikana bakteereille on kehittynyt useita resistenssimekanismeja faagien torjumiseen. T\u00e4llaisia mekanismeja ovat muun muassa CRISPR-Cas-v\u00e4litteinen ja solun pinnan muutokseen perustuva immuniteetti. Kyseisten mekanismien on aiemmissa tutkimuksissa todettu olevan my\u00f6s kaloja infektoivan Flavobacterium columnare -bakteerin keino torjua faagi-infektioita. Vaikka resistenssimekanismeja onkin tutkittu laajalti, kilpailun vaikutuksia resistenssin kehittymiseen ei viel\u00e4 juuri tunneta. T\u00e4m\u00e4n tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli saada lis\u00e4\u00e4 tietoa resistenssin tyypist\u00e4, kun F. columnaren annettiin vuorovaikuttaa Aeromonas sp.- ja Eshcerichia coli -bakteerien kanssa. Uusien CRISPR-toistojaksojen havaitsemiseen k\u00e4ytettiin PCR-menetelm\u00e4\u00e4 ja geelielektroforeesia, ja pes\u00e4kkeiden morfologiaa tarkasteltiin viljelymaljoilta nelj\u00e4n\u00e4 ajankohtana 56 vuorokauden aikana. Tulokset n\u00e4yttiv\u00e4t, ett\u00e4 molempien tunnettujen lokusten CRISPR-toistojaksojen m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4 kasvoi selv\u00e4sti kokeen aikana. Faagille alttiiden pes\u00e4kkeiden m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4 kasvoi, kun taas immuunien pes\u00e4kkeiden m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4ss\u00e4 havaittiin vastaava lasku. Aeromonas sp:n kanssa vuorovaikuttaneella F. columnarella havaittiin enemm\u00e4n CRISPR-toistojaksoja kuin kontrolliviljelmiss\u00e4, mik\u00e4 viittaa siihen, ett\u00e4 vuorovaikutus muiden bakteerien kanssa parantaa CRISPR-immuniteetin muodostumista F. columnarella. N\u00e4m\u00e4 tulokset korostavat luonnollisissa eli\u00f6yhteis\u00f6iss\u00e4 teht\u00e4vien tutkimusten t\u00e4rkeytt\u00e4.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Bacteria live in complex communities, where they interact with other bacteria and also bacterial viruses, bacteriophages (phages). During the long coevolution between bacteria and phages, bacteria have developed various immunity mechanisms against phage infections. These mechanisms include CRISPR-Cas and surface modification, which have both been found to be the mechanisms utilized by a fish pathogen, Flavobacterium columnare. Although the development of resistance mechanisms has been widely studied, the effect of other bacterial species to their appearance are not yet known. This study aimed to find information about the type of resistance taking place in F. columnare in the presence of Aeromonas sp. and Escherichia coli using a culture condition known to favor CRISPR activity. The study used PCR and gel electrophoresis to detect the acquisition of new spacers in F. columnare CRISPR arrays, besides checking colony morphology changes at four timepoints (7, 14, 32 and 56 days). The results showed a clear increase in the number of new spacers in both CRISPR loci. The abundance of wild-type -like rhizoid colonies increased slightly during the experiment, whereas the typically phage resistant rough colonies had a similar decrease. The number of acquired CRISPR spacers in the presence of Aeromonas sp. was higher than in the control culture, indicating a connection between the presence of a naturally coexisting bacterium and more competent spacer acquisition in F. columnare. These data shows that the occurrence of other bacterial species can influence F. columnare strategies against phages, highlighting the importance of studies made in natural communities.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by Paivi Vuorio (paelvuor@jyu.fi) on 2021-12-17T07:36:22Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 0", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2021-12-17T07:36:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0\n Previous issue date: 2021", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "38", "language": "", "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "eng", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "CRISPR-Cas", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "The influence of competition on the formation of phage resistance in Flavobacterium columnare", "language": "", "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202112175997", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Bio- ja ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6tieteiden laitos", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Department of Biological and Environmental Science", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Solu- ja molekyylibiologia", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Cell and molecular biology", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.funding", "value": "0", "language": "", "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "funding", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "openAccess", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.oppiainekoodi", "value": "4013", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "oppiainekoodi", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "bakteerit", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "bakteriofagit", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "taudinaiheuttajat", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "virukset", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "bakteeritaudit", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "kalataudit", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "morfologia", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "loiset", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "infektiot", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "fagiterapia", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "bacteria", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "bacteriophages", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "pathogens", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "viruses", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "bacterial diseases", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "fish diseases", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "morphology (biology)", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "parasites", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "infections", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "phage therapy", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.content", "value": "fulltext", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "content", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": "https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "url", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.okm", "value": "G2", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "okm", "schema": "dc"}]
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