Changes in the consumption habits and their sustainability during and after the COVID-19 pandemic

Vuonna 2020 alkanut maailmanlaajuinen koronaviruspandemia on merkittävästi vaikuttanut ihmisten jokapäiväiseen elämään sen alkamisesta lähtien. Tämän globaalin terveyskriisin myötä ihmiset ovat muuttaneet kulutustottumuksiaan sopeutuakseen vallitseviin olosuhteisiin. Tämä onkin herättänyt tutkimuski...

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Main Author: Kaijalainen, Hanna
Other Authors: Jyväskylä University School of Business and Economics, Jyväskylän yliopiston kauppakorkeakoulu, Taloustieteet, Business and Economics, Jyväskylän yliopisto, University of Jyväskylä
Format: Master's thesis
Language:eng
Published: 2021
Subjects:
Online Access: https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/78931
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author Kaijalainen, Hanna
author2 Jyväskylä University School of Business and Economics Jyväskylän yliopiston kauppakorkeakoulu Taloustieteet Business and Economics Jyväskylän yliopisto University of Jyväskylä
author_facet Kaijalainen, Hanna Jyväskylä University School of Business and Economics Jyväskylän yliopiston kauppakorkeakoulu Taloustieteet Business and Economics Jyväskylän yliopisto University of Jyväskylä Kaijalainen, Hanna Jyväskylä University School of Business and Economics Jyväskylän yliopiston kauppakorkeakoulu Taloustieteet Business and Economics Jyväskylän yliopisto University of Jyväskylä
author_sort Kaijalainen, Hanna
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description Vuonna 2020 alkanut maailmanlaajuinen koronaviruspandemia on merkittävästi vaikuttanut ihmisten jokapäiväiseen elämään sen alkamisesta lähtien. Tämän globaalin terveyskriisin myötä ihmiset ovat muuttaneet kulutustottumuksiaan sopeutuakseen vallitseviin olosuhteisiin. Tämä onkin herättänyt tutkimuskirjallisuudessa kysymyksen siitä, voisiko tämä kriisi tarjota mahdollisuuden siirtymälle kohti kestävämpää kuluttamista. Kirjallisuuden mukaan kulutuksen muutoksiin kriisien aikana vaikuttavat ja niitä selittävät saatavilla olevat resurssit ja uskomukset, kun taas menestyksellinen kulutustottumusten muuttaminen vaatii tapojen muodostumisen tarkastelemista. Tämä pro gradu -tutkimus käsittelee nuorten aikuisten kulutustottumuksien muutoksia globaalin koronapandemian aikana ja sen jälkeen. Vastatakseen kirjallisuudesta nousseeseen kysymykseen, tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli selvittää ovatko nämä kulutustottumukset muuttuneet kestävämmiksi pandemian aikana, ja mitä niille tapahtuu pandemian päätyttyä. Saavuttaakseen tutkimustavoitteen tutkija toteutti neljä puolistrukturoitua neljän hengen verkkohaastattelua. Haastatteluista saatu tutkimusaineisto analysoitiin käyttämällä teema-analyysia. Analyysin tuloksena saatiin selville, että koronapandemia on vaikuttanut kulutustottumuksiin liittyen: matkustamiseen ja työmatkustamiseen; heräteostoksiin, shoppailuun ja nettishoppailuun; palveluihin; vapaa-aikaan ja harrastuksiin; ja suunnitelmallisuuteen ruokakaupassa. Muutokset kohti kestävämpiä kulutustottumuksia koskivat kaiken kaikkiaan vähentynyttä matkustamista, työmatkustamista, sekä heräteostoksien tekemistä. Yleisesti haastatellut kokivat, ettei koronaviruspandemia itsessään ole muuttanut heidän kulutustottumuksiaan kestävimmiksi. Odotettavaa kuitenkin on, että ennen koronaa olleet kulutustottumukset palaavat muutamin poikkeuksin. Tämän tutkimuksen tulokset ja sen teoreettisen viitekehyksen huomiot kirjallisuudesta ehdottavat, että kestävän kuluttamisen kannusteiden ja sitä vahvistavien tekijöiden tutkiminen tulevaisuudessa voisi tukea siirtymää kohti kestävää kuluttamista. Koska koronaviruspandemia ei luultavasti tule olemaan viimeinen kohtaamamme kriisi, olisi kannattavaa mallintaa kuluttajien reaktioita siihen mikä on välttämätöntä ja mikä valinnaista kuluttamista kriisin aikana, jotta näihin pystytään tulevaisuudessa vastaamaan paremmin. The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly influenced on the everyday lives of people ever since it started in 2020. Due to this global health crisis, people have been changing their consumption habits to adapt to the existing circumstances. This has raised the question in research literature if this crisis could provide a chance for transition towards more sustainable consumption. The literature suggests that changes in consumption during crisis can be explained and influenced by available resources and beliefs, whereas successfully changing consumption habits requires considering how habits are formed in the first place. This Master’s Thesis research explores the changes in the consumption habits of young adults in their mid 20’s during the COVID-19 pandemic and after it. To answer the question raised from the literature, the objective of this research was to study if these consumption habits have changed more sustainable during the pandemic, and what is going to happen to them when the pandemic ends. To reach this objective, four semi-structured online group interviews with four participants in each interview were conducted. The data received from the interviews was then analyzed by using thematic analysis. As the result of the analysis, it was found that the COVID-19 pandemic had influenced on the consumption habits regarding travelling and commuting; impulse purchases, shopping, and online shopping; services; free time and hobbies; and orderliness at grocery store. Changes towards more sustainable consumption habits concerned decreased overall level of travelling, commuting, and impulse purchases. Generally, the interviewees did not consider that the pandemic itself had changed their habits more sustainable. Yet, it was considered likely that the pre-covid habits will return after the pandemic ends with few exceptions. The findings of this thesis alongside notions from the used literature in the theoretical framework further suggest that the lack of incentives and reinforcement of sustainable consumption habits ought to be studied in the future to support transition towards sustainable consumption. Also, as the COVID-19 pandemic is not likely to be the last crisis, modelling the consumer responses to what is seen as essential and discretional consump- tion during crisis might be worthwhile to better respond to these in future.
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spellingShingle Kaijalainen, Hanna Changes in the consumption habits and their sustainability during and after the COVID-19 pandemic consumption habits Yritysten ympäristöjohtaminen Corporate Environmental Management 20425 kriisit COVID-19 pandemiat kulutus kuluttajakäyttäytyminen kestävä kehitys kestävä kulutus kulutustottumukset elämäntapa crises pandemics consumption consumer behaviour sustainable development sustainable consumption consumer habits lifestyle
title Changes in the consumption habits and their sustainability during and after the COVID-19 pandemic
title_full Changes in the consumption habits and their sustainability during and after the COVID-19 pandemic
title_fullStr Changes in the consumption habits and their sustainability during and after the COVID-19 pandemic Changes in the consumption habits and their sustainability during and after the COVID-19 pandemic
title_full_unstemmed Changes in the consumption habits and their sustainability during and after the COVID-19 pandemic Changes in the consumption habits and their sustainability during and after the COVID-19 pandemic
title_short Changes in the consumption habits and their sustainability during and after the COVID-19 pandemic
title_sort changes in the consumption habits and their sustainability during and after the covid 19 pandemic
title_txtP Changes in the consumption habits and their sustainability during and after the COVID-19 pandemic
topic consumption habits Yritysten ympäristöjohtaminen Corporate Environmental Management 20425 kriisit COVID-19 pandemiat kulutus kuluttajakäyttäytyminen kestävä kehitys kestävä kulutus kulutustottumukset elämäntapa crises pandemics consumption consumer behaviour sustainable development sustainable consumption consumer habits lifestyle
topic_facet 20425 COVID-19 Corporate Environmental Management Yritysten ympäristöjohtaminen consumer behaviour consumer habits consumption consumption habits crises elämäntapa kestävä kehitys kestävä kulutus kriisit kuluttajakäyttäytyminen kulutus kulutustottumukset lifestyle pandemiat pandemics sustainable consumption sustainable development
url https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/78931 http://www.urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202112105920
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