The effects of sex pheromone on female attractiveness and its role in maintaining color polymorphism in Arctia plantaginis

Natural and sexual selection can cause opposing selection pressures, which might help explain the maintenance of color polymorphism. It is a particularly puzzling phenomenon in aposematic species, such as the wood tiger moth (Arctia plantaginis), who should face strong selection for monomorphism. Wo...

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Main Author: Selenius, Eetu
Other Authors: Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta, Faculty of Sciences, Bio- ja ympäristötieteiden laitos, Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Jyväskylän yliopisto, University of Jyväskylä
Format: Master's thesis
Language:eng
Published: 2021
Subjects:
Online Access: https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/77710
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author Selenius, Eetu
author2 Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta Faculty of Sciences Bio- ja ympäristötieteiden laitos Department of Biological and Environmental Science Jyväskylän yliopisto University of Jyväskylä
author_facet Selenius, Eetu Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta Faculty of Sciences Bio- ja ympäristötieteiden laitos Department of Biological and Environmental Science Jyväskylän yliopisto University of Jyväskylä Selenius, Eetu Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta Faculty of Sciences Bio- ja ympäristötieteiden laitos Department of Biological and Environmental Science Jyväskylän yliopisto University of Jyväskylä
author_sort Selenius, Eetu
datasource_str_mv jyx
description Natural and sexual selection can cause opposing selection pressures, which might help explain the maintenance of color polymorphism. It is a particularly puzzling phenomenon in aposematic species, such as the wood tiger moth (Arctia plantaginis), who should face strong selection for monomorphism. Wood tiger moth males in Finnish populations maintain two color morphs: white and yellow. The coloration is determined by one locus two allele mode of inheritance with a dominant allele for white (W) and a recessive allele for yellow coloration (y). While females also carry this gene, they do not express it phenotypically. I examined the role of sexual selection in maintaining color polymorphism by studying female attractiveness and its correlation with the total amount and the amounts of the compounds of female sex pheromone used to attract potential mates. Homozygous yellow females and heterozygous females attracted significantly more males in total than homozygous white females. The absolute amount of sex pheromone did not affect female attractiveness, but the relative amount of a minor compound had a positive correlation with attractiveness. The results also suggest that this correlation differs between female genotypes, despite them having similar amounts of all pheromone compounds. These results suggest that sexual selection has a role in maintaining color polymorphism in the wood tiger moth. The advantage gained by females carrying one or two yellow alleles may be balanced by other selective forces.
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spellingShingle Selenius, Eetu The effects of sex pheromone on female attractiveness and its role in maintaining color polymorphism in Arctia plantaginis color polymorphism polymorphism aposematism Ekologia ja evoluutiobiologia Ecology and evolutionary biology 4011 täpläsiilikäs feromonit sukupuolivalinta luonnonvalinta perhoset wood tiger pheromones sexual selection natural selection Lepidoptera
title The effects of sex pheromone on female attractiveness and its role in maintaining color polymorphism in Arctia plantaginis
title_full The effects of sex pheromone on female attractiveness and its role in maintaining color polymorphism in Arctia plantaginis
title_fullStr The effects of sex pheromone on female attractiveness and its role in maintaining color polymorphism in Arctia plantaginis The effects of sex pheromone on female attractiveness and its role in maintaining color polymorphism in Arctia plantaginis
title_full_unstemmed The effects of sex pheromone on female attractiveness and its role in maintaining color polymorphism in Arctia plantaginis The effects of sex pheromone on female attractiveness and its role in maintaining color polymorphism in Arctia plantaginis
title_short The effects of sex pheromone on female attractiveness and its role in maintaining color polymorphism in Arctia plantaginis
title_sort effects of sex pheromone on female attractiveness and its role in maintaining color polymorphism in arctia plantaginis
title_txtP The effects of sex pheromone on female attractiveness and its role in maintaining color polymorphism in Arctia plantaginis
topic color polymorphism polymorphism aposematism Ekologia ja evoluutiobiologia Ecology and evolutionary biology 4011 täpläsiilikäs feromonit sukupuolivalinta luonnonvalinta perhoset wood tiger pheromones sexual selection natural selection Lepidoptera
topic_facet 4011 Ecology and evolutionary biology Ekologia ja evoluutiobiologia Lepidoptera aposematism color polymorphism feromonit luonnonvalinta natural selection perhoset pheromones polymorphism sexual selection sukupuolivalinta täpläsiilikäs wood tiger
url https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/77710 http://www.urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202109094826
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