Temporal and Spatial Variation in Microbial Communities of Aquatic Sediments in the Baltic Sea

Mikrobipopulaatiot ovat olennainen osa jokaista ekosysteemiä. Tästä huolimatta alkueliöt ovat kuitenkin huomattavasti vähemmän tutkittuja prokaryootteihin verrattuna. Tämä maisteritutkielma tutkii mikrobipopulaatioiden diversiteettiä Itämeressä uuden sukupolven sekvensointimenetelmillä. Tutkimus kes...

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Main Author: Kolehmainen, Aleksi
Other Authors: Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta, Faculty of Sciences, Bio- ja ympäristötieteiden laitos, Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Jyväskylän yliopisto, University of Jyväskylä
Format: Master's thesis
Language:eng
Published: 2021
Subjects:
Online Access: https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/76967
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author Kolehmainen, Aleksi
author2 Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta Faculty of Sciences Bio- ja ympäristötieteiden laitos Department of Biological and Environmental Science Jyväskylän yliopisto University of Jyväskylä
author_facet Kolehmainen, Aleksi Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta Faculty of Sciences Bio- ja ympäristötieteiden laitos Department of Biological and Environmental Science Jyväskylän yliopisto University of Jyväskylä Kolehmainen, Aleksi Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta Faculty of Sciences Bio- ja ympäristötieteiden laitos Department of Biological and Environmental Science Jyväskylän yliopisto University of Jyväskylä
author_sort Kolehmainen, Aleksi
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description Mikrobipopulaatiot ovat olennainen osa jokaista ekosysteemiä. Tästä huolimatta alkueliöt ovat kuitenkin huomattavasti vähemmän tutkittuja prokaryootteihin verrattuna. Tämä maisteritutkielma tutkii mikrobipopulaatioiden diversiteettiä Itämeressä uuden sukupolven sekvensointimenetelmillä. Tutkimus keskittyy erityisesti alkueläinpopulaatioihin. Päämääränä on selvittää, kuinka Itämeren suolagradientti ja ajallinen vaihtelu vaikuttavat populaatioiden rakenteisiin. Hypoteesina on, että bakteeripopulaatioiden diversiteetti pysyisi tasaisena ajasta ja paikasta riippumatta, mutta alkueliöiden määrät vaihtelisivat enemmän. Työssä käytetyt näytteet kerättiin kolmelta eri näytteenottopaikalta neljästi vuodessa. Näytteet sekvensoitiin ja tulokset analysoitiin RStudio-ohjelmalla. Bakteereissa havaittiin merkittävää vaihtelua ajallisesti. Alkueliöiden diversiteetti vaihteli paikallisesti. Dinoflagellata oli suhteellisesti yleisin pääjakso elokuussa 2018 lähes kaikilla näytteenottopaikoilla, mutta määrä laski vuoden edetessä. Ochrophyta puolestaan kasvoi määrällisesti vuoden aikana. Syy tähän ilmiöön oli todennäköisesti vuoden 2018 elokuun korkea lämpötila. Tulokset eivät noudattaneet hypoteesia, jonka mukaan alkueliöt olisivat alttiimpia ympäristötekijöille, sillä bakteereiden diversiteetin vaihtelu ajallisesti oli vastoin odotuksia. Microbe populations are essential for every ecosystem and have various functions. However, protists are notably less studied compared to prokaryotic microbes. This master’s thesis focuses on studying the diversity of microbe populations in the Baltic Sea using next-generation sequencing. The focus is especially on the protist diversity. The aim is to find out whether the salinity gradient and seasonal changes have an effect on the structure of the microbe population. It was hypothesized that the bacterial diversity would remain steady throughout the year regardless of surrounding conditions, while protists would experience more variation. The samples used in the thesis were taken from three different sites with varying salinity in the Baltic Sea. The sampling was repeated four times throughout the year. The samples were sequenced and the results were statistically analyzed with RStudio. Bacteria showed significant temporal variation in diversity, with Cyanobacteria and Proteobacteria being the most common phyla. Protist populations varied spatially. More variation could be seen on the class level. Dinoflagellata were the most abundant phylum in nearly all sites in August 2018, but declined throughout the year, while the abundance of Ochrophyta grew. This was most likely due to exceptionally high temperatures during August 2018.
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spellingShingle Kolehmainen, Aleksi Temporal and Spatial Variation in Microbial Communities of Aquatic Sediments in the Baltic Sea Sequencing Prokaryotes Alpha Diversity 16S rDNA 18S rDNA Solu- ja molekyylibiologia Cell and molecular biology 4013 alkueliöt aitotumaiset mikrobit bakteerit mikrobiologia mikro-organismit itiöeläimet protists eukaryote microbes bacteria microbiology microorganisms Apicomplexa
title Temporal and Spatial Variation in Microbial Communities of Aquatic Sediments in the Baltic Sea
title_full Temporal and Spatial Variation in Microbial Communities of Aquatic Sediments in the Baltic Sea
title_fullStr Temporal and Spatial Variation in Microbial Communities of Aquatic Sediments in the Baltic Sea Temporal and Spatial Variation in Microbial Communities of Aquatic Sediments in the Baltic Sea
title_full_unstemmed Temporal and Spatial Variation in Microbial Communities of Aquatic Sediments in the Baltic Sea Temporal and Spatial Variation in Microbial Communities of Aquatic Sediments in the Baltic Sea
title_short Temporal and Spatial Variation in Microbial Communities of Aquatic Sediments in the Baltic Sea
title_sort temporal and spatial variation in microbial communities of aquatic sediments in the baltic sea
title_txtP Temporal and Spatial Variation in Microbial Communities of Aquatic Sediments in the Baltic Sea
topic Sequencing Prokaryotes Alpha Diversity 16S rDNA 18S rDNA Solu- ja molekyylibiologia Cell and molecular biology 4013 alkueliöt aitotumaiset mikrobit bakteerit mikrobiologia mikro-organismit itiöeläimet protists eukaryote microbes bacteria microbiology microorganisms Apicomplexa
topic_facet 16S rDNA 18S rDNA 4013 Alpha Diversity Apicomplexa Cell and molecular biology Prokaryotes Sequencing Solu- ja molekyylibiologia aitotumaiset alkueliöt bacteria bakteerit eukaryote itiöeläimet microbes microbiology microorganisms mikro-organismit mikrobiologia mikrobit protists
url https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/76967 http://www.urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202107024154
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