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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Winters, Anne", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Nokelainen, Ossi", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Lommi, Jenna", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2021-06-28T12:34:23Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2021-06-28T12:34:23Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2021", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/76856", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Saalistajien torjumiseksi saalis voi k\u00e4ytt\u00e4\u00e4 erilaisia puolustusmekanismeja, jotka stimuloivat useita eri aisteja (ts. multimodaalista signalointia). Esimerkiksi aposemaattiset eli\u00f6t puolustautuvat varoitussignaalin lis\u00e4ksi sekundaarisella puolustuksella. T\u00e4ss\u00e4 tutkimuksessa keskityttiin siihen, kuinka t\u00e4pl\u00e4siilikk\u00e4\u00e4n (Arctia plantaginis) v\u00e4ritys (genotyypit WW, Wy ovat valkoisia ja yy keltaisia), haju (metoksipyratsiinista) ja maku (pyrrolitsidiinialkaloidista) toimivat puolustuksena lintusaalistajien hy\u00f6kk\u00e4yksi\u00e4 vastaan. Linnuille tarjottiin kummankin v\u00e4risi\u00e4 el\u00e4vi\u00e4 siilikk\u00e4it\u00e4, joita oli manipuloitu niin, ett\u00e4 niill\u00e4 oli joko hajua, makua tai molempia n\u00e4ist\u00e4. N\u00e4in pystyttiin tutkimaan kuinka v\u00e4ritys, haju ja maku vuorovaikuttavat saalistustapahtumassa. Linnut l\u00e4hestyiv\u00e4t hitaimmin valkoisia siilikk\u00e4it\u00e4, joilla oli pahaa hajua, ja my\u00f6s pudottivat niit\u00e4 useimmin. Maku yksin\u00e4\u00e4n ei torjunut lintuja, ja linnut s\u00f6iv\u00e4t siilikk\u00e4\u00e4st\u00e4 v\u00e4hemm\u00e4n vain silloin, kun hajua esiintyi maun kanssa. Parhaimmat mahdollisuudet selvit\u00e4 hengiss\u00e4 oli valkoisilla siilikk\u00e4ill\u00e4, joilla oli sek\u00e4 pahaa hajua ett\u00e4 makua. Kun valkoisten siilikk\u00e4iden puolustustehokkuutta tutkittiin tarkemmin, heterotsygoottisten siilikk\u00e4iden hajun havaittiin olevan tehokkainta l\u00e4hestymisajan pident\u00e4miseen ja saaliin nopeampaan pudottamiseen, mik\u00e4 voi auttaa selitt\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4n t\u00e4m\u00e4n lajin polymorfismia. N\u00e4m\u00e4 tulokset osoittavat, ett\u00e4 multimodaalisuus parantaa saaliin selviytymist\u00e4 saalistajaa vastaan suojaamalla saalista koko hy\u00f6kk\u00e4yksen ajan. Julkaistu artikkeli: Front. Ecol. Evol., 16 August 2021, https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2021.657740", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "To ward off predators prey may use defences that stimulate multiple sensory modalities (i.e., multimodal signalling). For example aposematic organisms are defended against predators with a warning signal combined with a secondary defence. This study focused on how the wood tiger moth (Arctia plantaginis) colour (genotypes WW and Wy are white and yy is yellow), smell (from methoxypyrazines) and taste (from pyrrolizidine alkaloids) deter bird predators. Live moths of both colours, that were manipulated to have each chemical defence alone or in combination, were offered to birds to test how visual warning signals, smell and taste, interact through the predation event. White coloured moths with methoxypyrazine smell had the strongest effect on delaying the approach latency and increasing the number of times the bird dropped the moth. Taste alone did not deter birds and birds reduced the amount eaten only when smell was present in combination with taste. Overall, moths that had white hindwings, and had both smell and bad taste, had the best chance of survival. When defence efficacy of the white moths was explored in closer detail, heterozygous moths were found to have the most effective neck fluids (smell) in terms of delaying approach latency and reducing the drop latency of predators, which can help to explain the polymorphism in this species. These results indicate that multimodality improves prey anti-predator defence by providing protection throughout the attack. Published article: Front. Ecol. Evol., 16 August 2021, https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2021.657740", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by Miia Hakanen (mihakane@jyu.fi) on 2021-06-28T12:34:23Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 0", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-28T12:34:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0\n Previous issue date: 2021", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "62", "language": "", "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "eng", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "Aposematism", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "Cyanistes caeruleus", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "defence mechanisms", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "multimodal signalling", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "predator-prey interactions", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "chemical defence", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "warning signals", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Influence of colour, smell and taste on the survival of the wood tiger moth (Arctia plantaginis) adults during predation event", "language": "", "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202106284046", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Bio- ja ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6tieteiden laitos", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Department of Biological and Environmental Science", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Ekologia ja evoluutiobiologia", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Ecology and evolutionary biology", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.funding", "value": "0", "language": "", "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "funding", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, 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"dc.subject.yso", "value": "varoitusv\u00e4ri", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "predation", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "alkaloids", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "moths", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "birds", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "warning coloration", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.content", "value": "fulltext", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "content", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": "https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/", "language": null, "element": "rights", 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