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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Kerkk\u00e4nen, Tuula", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Nissinen, Riitta", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "R\u00e4s\u00e4nen, Emmi", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Miettinen, Minttu", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2021-05-26T12:11:04Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2021-05-26T12:11:04Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2021", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/75964", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "V\u00e4est\u00f6nkasvu ja lukuisat ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6ongelmat kasvattavat laadukkaiden pakkausmateriaalien kuten kartongin kysynt\u00e4\u00e4. Kartonginvalmistusprosessi tarjoaa suotuisan elinymp\u00e4rist\u00f6n lukuisille bakteereille. Vaikka suurin osa n\u00e4ist\u00e4 eli\u00f6ist\u00e4 ei selvi\u00e4 prosessin loppup\u00e4\u00e4n kuumissa oloissa, bakteerien (mm. Bacillus) iti\u00f6t kest\u00e4v\u00e4t korkeita l\u00e4mp\u00f6tiloja ja voivat p\u00e4\u00e4ty\u00e4 lopputuotteeseen. N\u00e4m\u00e4 iti\u00f6t ovat ongelmallisia elintarvikepakkauskartongissa, koska ne voivat edesauttaa ruuan pilaantumista. Kartoittamalla lopputuotteessa esiintyvien bakteerien l\u00e4hteit\u00e4, voidaan mahdollisesti l\u00f6yt\u00e4\u00e4 keinoja tuotantoprosessin puhtauden parantamiseksi. T\u00e4ss\u00e4 tutkimuksessa selvitettiin taivekartongin sis\u00e4lt\u00e4mien bakteerien alkuper\u00e4. Jotta saatiin selville, mist\u00e4 kontaminaatiot p\u00e4\u00e4tyv\u00e4t lopputuotteeseen, raaka-aineiden, eri prosessivaiheiden ja kartongin sis\u00e4lt\u00e4m\u00e4t bakteerit analysoitiin. N\u00e4ytteiden bakteeritiheys m\u00e4\u00e4ritettiin viljelymenetelm\u00e4ll\u00e4 ja runsaimmat bakteerisuvut tunnistettiin suorasekvensoimalla 16S rRNA-geeni. Kartonkin\u00e4ytteiden bakteeriviljelmist\u00e4 m\u00e4\u00e4ritettiin el\u00e4v\u00e4t bakteerit Sanger sekvensoinnilla. Lopuksi n\u00e4ytteiden bakteeriyhteis\u00f6jen rakenteita verrattiin kesken\u00e4\u00e4n. Lopputuotteen viljeltyjen bakteerien m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4ksi saatiin 3,9 x 102\u20131,5 x 103 CFU/g. Tulosten perusteella prosessin m\u00e4rk\u00e4p\u00e4\u00e4 on todenn\u00e4k\u00f6isin l\u00e4hde lopputuotteen bakteerisuvuille Tepidimonas, Paenibacillus, Cloacibacterium ja Schlegelella. Pseudomonas-suku puolestaan on oletettavasti per\u00e4isin n\u00e4ytteist\u00e4 8 ja 10. N\u00e4ytepisteet 9 ja 11 toimivat bakteerien Enterobacter ja Citrobacter l\u00e4htein\u00e4, kun taas n\u00e4ytteess\u00e4 16 dominoi Geobacillus. Kaikille kartongin sis\u00e4lt\u00e4mille bakteereille ei kuitenkaan l\u00f6ytynyt selke\u00e4\u00e4 l\u00e4hdett\u00e4. Lopputuotteen bakteeriviljelmist\u00e4 tunnistettiin nelj\u00e4 el\u00e4v\u00e4\u00e4, iti\u00f6it\u00e4 muodostavaa sukua Bacillus, Paenibacillus, Brevibacillus ja Lysinibacillus. N\u00e4ist\u00e4 bakteereista Bacillus on todenn\u00e4k\u00f6isesti per\u00e4isin pisteist\u00e4 10 ja 13. Sen sijaan Brevibacillus-suvulle ei l\u00f6ytynyt prosessista mit\u00e4\u00e4n selke\u00e4\u00e4 l\u00e4hdett\u00e4. Lis\u00e4ksi suorasekvensoinnin perusteella kartonkin\u00e4ytteet eiv\u00e4t sis\u00e4lt\u00e4neet Lysinibacillus-suvun DNA:ta. Tutkimuksessa saatujen havaintojen perusteella bakteereja p\u00e4\u00e4tyy lopputuotteeseen sek\u00e4 prosessista ett\u00e4 raaka-aineista. Vaikka kartonkikoneessa esiintyv\u00e4t tietyntyyppiset mikrobit, jokainen tehdas on mikrobistoltaan uniikki. Elintarvikkeen hygienian kannalta tulee kiinnitt\u00e4\u00e4 erityisesti huomiota kartongin el\u00e4viin, iti\u00f6it\u00e4 muodostaviin bakteereihin.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by Paivi Vuorio (paelvuor@jyu.fi) on 2021-05-26T12:11:04Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 0", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2021-05-26T12:11:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0\n Previous issue date: 2021", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "82", "language": "", "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "fin", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "mikrobiyhteis\u00f6", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "taivekartonki", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "16S rRNA", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Elintarvikepakkauskartongin sis\u00e4lt\u00e4mien bakteerien alkuper\u00e4n kartoitus", "language": "", "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202105263221", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Bio- ja ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6tieteiden laitos", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Department of Biological and Environmental Science", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6tiede ja -teknologia (maisteriohjelma)", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Environmental science and technology", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.collaborator", "value": "business", "language": "", "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "collaborator", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.funding", "value": "0", "language": "", "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "funding", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.initiative", "value": "business", "language": "", "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "initiative", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "openAccess", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, 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