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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Ihalainen, Pasi", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Haka, Aleksi", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2021-05-17T10:05:42Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2021-05-17T10:05:42Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2021", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/75682", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Tutkimuksessa tarkastellaan Intian ja Pakistanin itsen\u00e4istymist\u00e4 Britannian siirtomaavallasta Britannian parlamentin n\u00e4k\u00f6kulmasta vuosien 1947 \u2013 1949 v\u00e4lisen\u00e4 aikana. Ty\u00f6n tavoitteena on selvitt\u00e4\u00e4, millaista keskustelua Intian itsen\u00e4istymisprosessista Britannian parlamentissa k\u00e4ytiin. Tutkimus on kiinnostunut siit\u00e4, mitk\u00e4 kysymykset nousivat p\u00e4\u00e4llimm\u00e4isin\u00e4 esille, ja miksi juuri ne kiinnostivat. Tavoitteena on my\u00f6s selvitt\u00e4\u00e4, muuttuivatko keskustelu ja k\u00e4sitykset ajanjakson aikana. Lis\u00e4ksi tutkielmassa tarkastellaan, miten Britannian parlamentissa suhtauduttiin ongelmiin Intian ja Pakistanin alueilla ja onko eri puolueiden parlamentaarikkojen n\u00e4kemyksiss\u00e4 ollut eroja. Ty\u00f6ss\u00e4 on otettu my\u00f6s huomioon joidenkin parlamentin j\u00e4senten henkil\u00f6historia, ja sen taustalta pohdittu, miksi juuri he ovat puhuneet tietyist\u00e4 aiheista.\nIntian hallinto oli siirretty Britannian kauppakomppanialta Britannian kruunulle vuonna 1858. Lopullinen p\u00e4\u00e4t\u00f6s antaa Intialle itsen\u00e4isyys tapahtui toisen maailmansodan j\u00e4lkeen. Britannian ulkopolitiikka muuttui Intian itsen\u00e4isyyden kannalta paljon my\u00f6nteisemm\u00e4ksi, kun vuonna 1945 valtaan tuli Clement Attleen johtama ty\u00f6v\u00e4enpuolue. Intian uudeksi varakuninkaaksi nimitettiin Louis Mountbatten, jonka teht\u00e4v\u00e4ksi tuli toteuttaa vallansiirto. Itsen\u00e4istymisprosessissa maa jaettiin uskonnollisin perustein Radcliffe-linjan mukaisesti Intian ja Pakistanin valtioihin. Tilanne johti pian massasiirtolaisuuteen, levottomuuksiin ja Intian ja Pakistanin v\u00e4liseen sotaan. \nP\u00e4\u00e4asiallisena alkuper\u00e4isl\u00e4hteen\u00e4 tutkimuksessa k\u00e4ytet\u00e4\u00e4n Britannian parlamenttikeskusteluja. Ne ovat luettavissa s\u00e4hk\u00f6isesti Hansard-arkistointij\u00e4rjestelm\u00e4st\u00e4. Tutkielmassa analysoidaan poliitikkojen puhetta tarkastelemalla esiin nousseita aiheita sek\u00e4 ottamalla huomioon kyseinen historiallinen ajanjakso ja sen olosuhteet. \nTutkimuksen tuloksena voidaan havaita, ett\u00e4 keskustelu on ollut hyvin Britannia-keskeist\u00e4 ja ongelmia on l\u00e4hestytty nimenomaan oman valtion n\u00e4k\u00f6kulmasta. Diskursseissa nousevat vahvasti esiin imperialistinen n\u00e4k\u00f6kulma sek\u00e4 keskustelut kaupallisista suhteista. Keskustelujen kohteina olivat my\u00f6s puolustuspoliittiset asiat. Intian alueen ongelmiin ja k\u00e4rsimyksiin liittyv\u00e4\u00e4 diskurssiakin esiintyi, mutta se oli usein sidoksissa alueella olevien Britannian kansalaisten tilanteeseen. Rauhanomaista vallanvaihtoa korostettiin erityisesti hallituksen taholta. K\u00e4ydyiss\u00e4 parlamenttikeskusteluissa tulee esille my\u00f6s, ett\u00e4 itsen\u00e4istymisprosessin ongelmista huolimatta oikeana vaihtoehtona pidettiin sallia uusien valtioiden ottaa vastuuta, ja antaa alueen p\u00e4\u00e4tt\u00e4\u00e4 omasta tulevaisuudestaan. T\u00e4llainen ajattelutapa hyv\u00e4ksyttiin parlamentissa varsinkin hallituksen taholta.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "This study focuses on the independence process of India and Pakistan from the perspective of the British Parliament between the years 1947 and 1949. The goal of this study is to find out what kinds of discussions were held in the British Parliament during this time period. The study aims to find out what questions related to India and Pakistan were the priority in the parliament and why politicians were interested in them. The goal is also to figure out if the conversation and understanding of the situation changed over this time period. The study will also research how problems in India and Pakistan were seen in the parliament and if there were any specific differences between political parties and individual politicians. The study also takes into consideration the personal history of parliament members and based on that figures out why specific politicians might have held certain views about the situation.\nThe governance of India had been transferred from the East India Company to the British crown in 1858. The final decision to give India independence happened after the Second World War. The foreign policy of Britain changed to become a lot more lenient after 1945 when Clement Attlee\u2019s Labour Party came into power. Louis Mountbatten was named the new Viceroy of India and his mission was to execute the transfer of power. In the independence process the country was divided among religious lines by using the Radcliffe Line which divided the area into the nations of India and Pakistan. This led to a mass immigration, unrest and a war between India and Pakistan.\nThe main sources for this study are the discussions held in the British Parliament. They can be found archived at Hansard. The study analyzes the speeches made by politicians by examining topics that stood out as well as taking into account the current historical period and circumstances.\nAs a result of the study it can be concluded that the debate had been very Britain-centered and problems had been approached mostly from the perspective of the United Kingdom. The imperialist perspective and the debate surrounding the financial relations strongly stand out from the discourses. Defense policy had also been a topic of discussion. A discourse surrounding the problems and suffering occurring in India at the time had also appeared, but it had often been tied to the situation of British citizens in the area. The government also highlighted how it wanted the transfer of power to be peaceful. What can also be seen in the debates is that despite the problems that the independence process was encountering, allowing the new nations to take responsibility and determine their own future was mostly seen as the right thing to do. This way of thinking was accepted especially by the government as the only realistic option.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by Paivi Vuorio (paelvuor@jyu.fi) on 2021-05-17T10:05:42Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 0", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2021-05-17T10:05:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0\n Previous issue date: 2021", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "97", "language": "", "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "fin", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "Britannian parlamentti", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "Radcliffen linja", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Aika luopua imperiumista : Intian ja Pakistanin itsen\u00e4istyminen Britannian parlamentin n\u00e4k\u00f6kulmasta vuosina 1947 - 1949", "language": "", "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202105172955", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Humanistis-yhteiskuntatieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Historian ja etnologian laitos", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Department of History and Ethnology", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Yleinen historia", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "General History", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.funding", "value": "0", "language": "", "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "funding", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "openAccess", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.oppiainekoodi", "value": "3033", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "oppiainekoodi", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "dekolonisaatio", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "imperialismi", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "Pakistan", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "kolonialismi", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "Iso-Britannia", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "Intia", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "itsen\u00e4istyminen (valtiot)", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "poliittinen historia", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "imperiumit", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "Kashmir", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": "https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "url", "schema": "dc"}]
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