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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Cronin, Neil", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Juutinen, Taija", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "H\u00e4gg, Lari", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2021-05-11T05:27:59Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2021-05-11T05:27:59Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2021", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/75420", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "K\u00e4vely on ihmiselle luonnollinen tapa liikkua ja sit\u00e4 voidaan tutkia biomekaniikan menetelmin. Tietotekniikka on mahdollistanut ihmisen liikkumisen biomekaanisen mallinnuksen, jonka avulla voidaan laskennallisesti mallintaa vaikeasti mitattavia asioita, kuten esimerkiksi k\u00e4velyn aikaista lihaskohtaista voimantuottoa, liikkeen synnytt\u00e4miseksi tarvittavia lihasaktiivisuuksia ja niveliin kohdistuvia kontaktivoimia. T\u00e4m\u00e4n tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli verrata k\u00e4velyn aikana merkitsev\u00e4sti s\u00e4\u00e4ren voimantuottoon osallistuvien lihasten mitattua lihasaktivaatiota sek\u00e4 simuloitua lihasaktivaatiota kesken\u00e4\u00e4n. \nTutkimuksessa k\u00e4ytetty aineisto oli osa Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopiston EXECP-projektissa muodostunutta aineistoa, josta t\u00e4h\u00e4n tutkimukseen on valittu 17 normaalisti kehittyneen lapsen ja nuoren k\u00e4velyanalyysin mittausdata. K\u00e4velyanalyysiaineiston mittausdatan avulla koehenkil\u00f6iden k\u00e4vely mallinnettiin biomekaaniseen mallinnukseen tarkoitetulla OpenSim-ohjelmalla. Mallinnuksen tuloksena saatua simuloitua lihasaktiivisuutta verrattiin k\u00e4velyanalyysin aikana ihon pinnalta mitattuun lihasaktiivisuuteen. Lihasaktiivisuuksien eroa tutkiin niin lihasaktivaatiohuippuarvojen ajoituksen, kuin koko k\u00e4velysyklin aikaisen eroavaisuuden kannalta. Lis\u00e4ksi simuloinnin validiteettia ja reliabiliteettia arvioitiin lihasaktivaatiohuippuarvojen ajoituksen perusteella.\nTutkimuksen perusteella OpenSim:n staattisen optimointity\u00f6kalun avulla simuloitujen lihasaktivaatiohuippuarvojen ajoitus eroaa merkitsev\u00e4sti soleus (SOL, 10.92%, 100ms.) ja mediaalinen gastrocnemius (MG, 16.14%, 159ms.) lihasten osalta mitatusta lihasaktivaatiosta. Tibialis anteriorin (TA) kohdalla ajoituksen ero ei ollut merkitsev\u00e4 kummankaan mittauspisteen kohdalla (distaalinen (TAd) 2.86%, 28ms. ja proksimaalinen (TAp) 0.43%, 4ms.) ja simuloinnin validiteetti oli hyv\u00e4 sek\u00e4 reliabiliteetti kohtalainen (ICC 0.598). Tutkimuksen perusteella kaikkien tarkastelun kohteena olleiden lihasten simuloitu lihasaktiivisuus erosi merkitsev\u00e4sti k\u00e4velysyklin aikana mitatuista lihasaktiivisuuksista (SOL 71.2-, MG- 31.5- ja TAd 28.2-, TAp 35.5 prosenttiyksikk\u00f6\u00e4 koko k\u00e4velysyklin kestosta). Tutkimuksessa mitatun ja simuloidun lihasaktiivisuustason normalisoiminen k\u00e4velysyklin aikaiseen maksimiarvoon on saattanut muuttaa todellista lihasaktivaatioiden eroavaisuutta, joten tutkimuksen tuloksiin tulee suhtautua kriittisesti.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Walking is a natural way to move for humans and it can be studied by biomechanical methods. Technology has enabled biomechanical modeling of human movement, which can be used to computationally model things that are difficult to measure. These things for example are muscle-specific force generation during walking, muscle activities that are needed to generate movement, and joint contact forces. The purpose of this study was to compare measured and simulated muscle activation from shank muscles that are significantly involved in the strength production during walking.\nThe research material used in this study is from Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 University\u2019s EXECP-project. Data from walking analysis of 17 normally developed children and young adolescent was selected for this study. The walking of participants was modeled with biomechanics modeling software OpenSim based on the data from walking analysis. The simulated muscle activity was compared with to muscle activity which was measured during the walking analysis. The differences in muscle activations were studied from the perspective of the time-to-peak values and the amount of difference during the entire walking cycle. Also, the validity and reliability of the simulation were evaluated based on time-to-peak values.\nBased on the study, the timing of the simulated muscle activation peak values produced by the OpenSim static optimization tool diffeed significantly from the measured muscle activity in soleus (SOL, 10.92%, 100ms) and medial gastrocnemius (MG, 16.14%, 159ms). For tibialis anterior (TA), the difference in timing was not significant at either measurement points (distal (Tad) 2.86%, 28ms, and proximal (Tap) 0.43%, 4ms). The validity of simulation was good whereas reliability was moderate (ICC 0.598) for TA time-to-peak values. Based on the study all simulated muscle activities differed significantly from measured muscle activities during the walking cycle (SOL 71.2, MG-31.5 and TAd 28.2, TAp 35.5 percentage points).\nIn this study the muscle activations were normalized to walk cycles peak values, thereby there is possibility that the real difference between muscle activations have been changed. Therefore, the results of this study should be observed critically.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by Paivi Vuorio (paelvuor@jyu.fi) on 2021-05-11T05:27:59Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 0", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2021-05-11T05:27:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0\n Previous issue date: 2021", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "78", "language": "", "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "fin", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "OpenSim", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "K\u00e4velyn aikaisen mitatun lihasaktiivisuuden ja simuloidun lihasaktiivisuuden vertailu", "language": "", "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202105112705", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Liikuntatieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Liikunta- ja terveystieteet", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Sport and Health Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Biomekaniikka", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Biomechanics", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.funding", "value": "0", "language": "", "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "funding", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "openAccess", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.oppiainekoodi", "value": "5012", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "oppiainekoodi", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "simulointi", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "mallintaminen", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "k\u00e4vely", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "lihasaktiivisuus", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "elektromyografia", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.content", "value": "fulltext", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "content", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": "https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "url", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.okm", "value": "G2", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "okm", "schema": "dc"}]
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