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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Wikgren, Jan", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Honkanen, Laura", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2021-04-09T06:25:43Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2021-04-09T06:25:43Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2021", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/74999", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Transkraniaalinen tasavirtastimulaatio (tDC-stimulaatio) on non-invasiivinen aivojen s\u00e4hk\u00f6isen toiminnan muokkausmenetelm\u00e4, jota k\u00e4ytet\u00e4\u00e4n masennuksen ja ahdistuksen hoidossa. Tasavirtastimulaation vaikutusmekanismi solun toiminnan tasolla tiedet\u00e4\u00e4n, mutta laajempi vaikutuksia v\u00e4litt\u00e4v\u00e4 neuropsykologinen mekanismi ei ole selvill\u00e4. T\u00e4ss\u00e4 tutkimuksessa selvitettiin, v\u00e4hent\u00e4\u00e4k\u00f6 tasavirtastimulaatio v\u00e4ltt\u00e4mismotivaatiota s\u00e4ps\u00e4hdysreaktiolla mitattuna. Oletus tasavirtastimulaation v\u00e4ltt\u00e4mismotivaatiota v\u00e4hent\u00e4v\u00e4st\u00e4 vaikutuksesta perustuu siihen, ett\u00e4 tasavirtastimulaatio lievitt\u00e4\u00e4 ahdistusta ja ahdistukseen puolestaan liittyy voimistunut v\u00e4ltt\u00e4mismotivaatio. Lis\u00e4ksi oletus sopii Grimshawin ja Carmelin asymmetrisen inhibition malliin, jossa motivaation suuntaa selitet\u00e4\u00e4n aivojen hemisf\u00e4\u00e4rien aktiivisuuden ep\u00e4tasapainon ja havaintotoimintojen vinoutumisen yhteydell\u00e4. Lis\u00e4ksi selvitettiin, miten persoonan ahdistus- ja pelkoherkkyys vaikuttavat tasavirtastimulaation ja v\u00e4ltt\u00e4mismotivaation yhteyteen. Tutkimuksen tuloksia voi hyodynt\u00e4\u00e4 kohdennettaessa tDCS-hoidon kohdentamiseen siit\u00e4 parhaiten hy\u00f6tyville. Tutkimukseen osallistui 49 koehenkil\u00f6\u00e4 (29,2% miehi\u00e4 ja 70,8% naisia). Koeryhm\u00e4 sai anodaalista tasavirtastimulaatiota ja kontrolliryhm\u00e4 plasebo-stimulaatiota dorsolateraaliselle prefrontaalikorteksille, mink\u00e4 j\u00e4lkeen koehenkil\u00f6iden s\u00e4ps\u00e4hdysreaktioiden voimakkuutta mitattiin heid\u00e4n katsellessaan tunteita her\u00e4tt\u00e4vi\u00e4 kuvia. Tulosten mukaan tasavirtastimulaatiota saaneilla oli kauttaaltaan voimakkaammat s\u00e4ps\u00e4hdysreaktiot kontrolliryhm\u00e4\u00e4n verrattuna. S\u00e4ps\u00e4hdysreaktion habituaatiossa tai eri tunnetilojen aikaisissa s\u00e4ps\u00e4hdysreatkioissa ei ollut eroja stimulaatioryhmien v\u00e4lill\u00e4. Tasavirtastimulaatio ei siis vaikuta v\u00e4ltt\u00e4mismotivaation voimakkuuteen, vaikka tasavirtastimulaatio lis\u00e4sikin koehenkil\u00f6iden reaktiivisuutta. Lis\u00e4ksi tDCS:n ja v\u00e4ltt\u00e4mismotivaation yhteys ei muuttunut, kun huomioitiin koehenkil\u00f6iden ahdistus- ja v\u00e4ltt\u00e4misherkkyys. T\u00e4m\u00e4 tutkimus ei osaltaan tue asymmetrisen inhibition mallia. Toisaalta tutkimus antaa kohtalaista tukea k\u00e4ytt\u00e4ytymisen aktivaatio-inhibitio -mallille.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique, which is used in treatment of depression and anxious diseases. The action mechanism of direct current stimulation is known in a cell level. Still the wider psychological mechanism has not been fully uncovered. In the current study it was examined, if tDC-stimulation reduces the avoidance motivation measured by startle reaction. The assume, tDCS would diminish the avoidance motivation, is based on the asymmetric inhibition model by Grimshaw and Carmel, which explain the direction of motivation with coaction of brain hemispheric imbalanced activity and biased perception. Also, it was examined, how the trait related anxiety and fear sensitivity modulate the connection of tDCS and avoidance motivation. The results can be used to allocate the tDCS-treatment for patient who are most likely to benefit from it. There were 49 participants (29,2% if men and 70,8% of women). The anodal direct current stimulation was applied to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of the test group, whereas the sham-stimulation as placebo-stimulation was applied to the same area of the control group. After stimulation both groups underwent the emotion modulated startle (EMS) paradigm. The results show that participants, who received tDC-stimulation, had higher startle reflexes overall compared to the control group. There were no differences in the habituation profile of startle reflexes neither in emotion modulated startle reflexes. As a conclusion, the direct current stimulation did not reduce avoidance motivation even though the stimulation increased participants\u2019 reactivity. Also, the anxiety and fear sensitivity did not modulate the connection of tDCS and avoidance motivation. This study contrasts with the asymmetric inhibition model. However, the study provides fair support for the behaviour activation-behaviour inhibition model.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by Paivi Vuorio (paelvuor@jyu.fi) on 2021-04-09T06:25:43Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 0", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2021-04-09T06:25:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0\n Previous issue date: 2021", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "41", "language": "", "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "fin", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "v\u00e4ltt\u00e4mismotivaatio", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "s\u00e4ps\u00e4hdysreaktio", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "EMS", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "dlPFC", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Transkraniaalisen tasavirtastimulaation yhteys v\u00e4ltt\u00e4mismotivaatioon", "language": "", "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202104092313", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Kasvatustieteiden ja psykologian tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Education and Psychology", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Psykologian laitos", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Department of Psychology", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Psykologia", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Psychology", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.funding", "value": "0", "language": "", "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "funding", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "openAccess", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.oppiainekoodi", "value": "202", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "oppiainekoodi", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "transkraniaalinen tasavirtastimulaatio", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "stimulointi", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "tutkimus", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "motivaatio", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "persoonallisuuden piirteet", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "neuropsykologia", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": "https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "url", "schema": "dc"}]
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