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[{"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Lehtonen, Eeva", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2008-01-08T07:17:37Z", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2008-01-08T07:17:37Z", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2005", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.other", "value": "oai:jykdok.linneanet.fi:998283", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/7253", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Monilla teollisuudenaloilla muodostuu kuumia j\u00e4tevesi\u00e4, jotka j\u00e4\u00e4hdytet\u00e4\u00e4n biologista k\u00e4-\r\nsittely\u00e4 varten. K\u00e4sittely totuttua korkeammassa l\u00e4mp\u00f6tilassa voi tuoda taloudellisia sek\u00e4 \r\nprosessin toimintaan liittyvi\u00e4 etuja. Kuitenkin useimpien termofiilisest\u00e4 j\u00e4tevedenk\u00e4sittelyst\u00e4 \r\nsaatujen kokemusten mukaan lietteen erotus on vaikeampaa kuin tavanomaisessa j\u00e4teveden k\u00e4sittelyss\u00e4. My\u00f6s joidenkin liukoisten aineiden poisto voi monimutkaistua. T\u00e4m\u00e4n tutkimuksen tavoite oli verrata termofiilisen (55 \u00b0C) aktiiviliete- ja biofilmiprosessien toimintaa \r\npilot-mittakaavassa. Toimintaa verrattiin my\u00f6s t\u00e4yden mittakaavan mesofiiliseen (35 \u00b0C) aktiivilieteprosessiin, mutta painotus on termofiilisten prosessien vertailussa, sill\u00e4 mesofiilisen \r\npuhdistamon virtaama ja viipym\u00e4 osin my\u00f6s j\u00e4teveden koostumus olivat mesofiilisess\u00e4 prosessissa eri laisia kuin termofiilisiss\u00e4 prosesseissa. Erityisesti verrattiin eri prosessien kyky\u00e4 poistaa \r\nhappea kuluttavia aineita eli COD:ta. COD:n v\u00e4henemist\u00e4 tutkittiin erikseen j\u00e4teveden \r\nkiintoaineesta, kolloidista ja liukoisesta jakeesta. Lis\u00e4ksi tutkittiin l\u00e4mp\u00f6tilan ja lis\u00e4tyn polymeerin vaikutusta lietteen laskeutumiseen ja biomassan toimintaan. \r\nTermofiilinen biofilmi- ja aktiivilieteprosessi k\u00e4ynnistyiv\u00e4t nopeasti mesofiilisell\u00e4 siemenlietteell\u00e4. Kuormitus oli ensimm\u00e4isen koejakson aikana biofilmille 2,7 \u00b1 1,3 kg CODfilt m-3d-1\r\n ja \r\naktiivilieteprosessille 1,7 \u00b1 0,6 kg CODfilt m-3d-1\r\n. Prosessien toiminta parani tasaisesti ja CODfilt-v\u00e4henem\u00e4 oli suurin kuukauden kuluttua, noin 80-85 %. Biofilmiprosessin k\u00e4ynnistyminen oli \r\nhitaampaa kuin aktiivilieteprosessin. 55 \u00b0C:ssa keskim\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4inen CODfilt-v\u00e4henem\u00e4 oli biofilmiprosessissa 60 % ja aktiivilieteprosessissa 68 %. Yksinkertaisen termofiilisen biofilmiprosessin \r\nCOD-v\u00e4henem\u00e4 oli l\u00e4hes yht\u00e4 hyv\u00e4, 62 \u00b1 15 %, kuin kaksivaiheisen biofilmiprosessin 69 \u00b1 12 %. \r\nJo termofiilisiin olosuhteisiin sopeutunut biomassa poisti liukoista COD:ta paremmin 55 kuin 35 \r\n\u00b0C:ssa, mutta muodosti irrallista biomassaa. L\u00e4mp\u00f6tilan nopeat muutokset rikkoivat flokkeja \r\nja samensivat j\u00e4tevett\u00e4. L\u00e4mp\u00f6tilan hidas laskeminen sai lietteen laskeutumaan paremmin. \r\nTermofiilinen k\u00e4sittely poisti j\u00e4teveden COD:ta v\u00e4hemm\u00e4n kuin mesofiilinen k\u00e4sittely, jossa \r\nCODfilt- v\u00e4henem\u00e4 oli 88 \u00b1 2 %. Niin kolloidi, liuennut kuin kiintoaine poistuivat heikommin \r\ntermofiilisiss\u00e4 prosesseissa. Termofiilisesti k\u00e4sitellyss\u00e4 vedess\u00e4 oli my\u00f6s selv\u00e4sti enemm\u00e4n kiintoainetta kuin mesofiilisesti k\u00e4sitellyss\u00e4 vedess\u00e4.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Many industries generate hot wastewaters, which must be cooled down for biological \r\ntreatment. Treatment at temperature higher than normal may cause operational as well as \r\neconomical benefits. However, most experiences show the sludge separation to be more \r\ndifficult in thermophilic than in conventional wastewater treatment. Removal of some dissolved organic substances may become complex too. In this study, thermophilic (55 \u00b0C) \r\nactivated sludge and biofilm processes were compared to each other in pilot-scale. The \r\noperation was compared to a mesophilic (35 \u00b0C) activated sludge process too, but the \r\nmain focus is at comparison of thermophilic processes, because flow rate, hydraulic retention time and composition of wastewater were different in the mesophilic process. In particular, COD-removal (chemical oxygen demand) by different processes was compared. \r\nCOD of suspended, colloidal and dissolved fraction of wastewater was determined separately. Furthermore, the effect of temperature and addition of polymers on sludge settleability and biomass functioning was studied. \r\nThe start up of thermophilic biofilm and the activated sludge process was rapid with \r\nmesophilic inoculum. Volumetric loading rates for biofilm and activated sludge processes \r\nwere 2.7 \u00b1 1.3 kg CODfilt m-3d-1\r\n and 1.7 \u00b1 0.6 kg CODfilt m-3d-1\r\n, respectively. The processes \r\nimproved steadily during the first month of operation. Removal of CODfilt was biggest after a \r\nmonth at about 80-85 %. The biofilm process started up more slowly than the activated \r\nsludge process. At 55 \u00b0C the average CODfilt-removal was 60 % by biofilm and 68 % by activated sludge. A single thermophilic biofilm reactor removed COD almost as well (62 \u00b1 15 %) \r\nas the two-stage biofilm process (69 \u00b1 12 %). When biomass was readily adapted to thermophilic conditions, it consumed soluble COD better at 55 than 35 \u00b0C, but still formed suspended biomass. Rapid changes in temperature broke down the activated sludge flocs, \r\nwhich increased wastewater turbidity. Slow cooling of wastewater suspension caused the \r\nsludge to settle better. Thermophilic treatments removed COD less than mesophilic treatment, where the removal was 88 \u00b1 2 %. COD of all different wastewater fractions was removed less in thermophilic processes. In addition, the concentration of suspended solids was \r\nnotably higher after thermophilic than mesophilic treatment.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2008-01-08T07:17:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1\r\nURN_NBN_fi_jyu-2006554.pdf: 461451 bytes, checksum: 2df3282dceb4b2b908db6acc26868507 (MD5)\r\n Previous issue date: 2005", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "69 sivua", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "fin", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "aktiiviliete", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "biofilmi", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "laskeutuminen", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "mesofiilinen k\u00e4sittely", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "termofiiliset prosessit", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Paperitehtaan j\u00e4tevesien k\u00e4sittely termofiilisell\u00e4 aktiiviliete- ja biofilmiprosessilla", "language": null, "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-2006554", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.dcmitype", "value": "Text", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "dcmitype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Bio- ja ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6tieteiden laitos", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Department of Biological and Environmental Science", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6tiede ja -teknologia", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Environmental science and technology", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "openAccess", "language": "fi", "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": 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"format", "qualifier": "content", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": "https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "url", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.okm", "value": "G2", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "okm", "schema": "dc"}]
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