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[{"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Malvela, Marko", "language": null, "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2008-01-08T06:53:56Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2008-01-08T06:53:56Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2003", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.other", "value": "oai:jykdok.linneanet.fi:903285", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/7209", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Marko Tapani Malvela, 2003. L\u00e4hestymisnopeuden vaikutus k\u00e4\u00e4nn\u00f6ksen voimantuottoon ja nopeuteen vapaauinnissa. Biomekaniikan pro gradu \u2013ty\u00f6, Liikuntabiologian laitos, Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n Yliopisto, 73 sivua. K\u00e4\u00e4nn\u00f6ksell\u00e4 on vaikutusta kilpauintisuorituksen kokonaisaikaan. Sen suhteellinen vaikutus kasvaa uintimatkan lyhentyess\u00e4. Lyhyill\u00e4 vapaauintimatkoilla, 25 metrin altaalla, k\u00e4\u00e4nn\u00f6ksen merkitys k okonaisajasta on jopa 20 - 36 % (Thayer & Hay, 1984). T\u00e4m\u00e4 seikka nostaa k\u00e4\u00e4nn\u00f6ksen harjoi ttelun yhdeksi t\u00e4rke\u00e4ksi kokonaisuudeksi startti- ja uintitekniikkaharjoittelun rinnalle. T\u00e4m\u00e4n tutkimuksen tarkoituksena olikin selvitt\u00e4\u00e4 uimarin l\u00e4hestymisnopeuden vaikutuksia k\u00e4\u00e4nn\u00f6ksen nopeuteen ja voimantuottoon kansainv\u00e4lisen (kv)- ja kansallisen (kans.) tason uimareilla. Uimarit (n=9) suorittivat viisi valoj\u00e4nisohjattua k\u00e4\u00e4nn\u00f6st\u00e4, joista ensimm\u00e4inen suoritettiin 55 %:n tasolla 50 metrin enn\u00e4tyksest\u00e4 ja loput kumuloituvasti 15 %:a suuremmilla nopeuksilla. K\u00e4\u00e4nn\u00f6sponnistuksen aikaisia kineettisi\u00e4 muuttujia mitattiin k\u00e4\u00e4nn\u00f6sp\u00e4\u00e4tyyn kiinnitetyn voimalevyn (2d) avulla (voima, vastusvoima, impulssi) ja kinemaattisia muuttujia videoanalyysin (50hz) avulla (nopeudet, kulmat, kontaktien kestot). Voimat analysoitiin codas -ohjelmalla ja videootokset swimex-ohjelmalla. Tulosten perusteella voitiin todeta k\u00e4\u00e4nn\u00f6sponnistuksen nopeutuvan (2.61-2.72m*s-1, p<.05), voimatasojen (keskiarvoinen voima 407 N - 442 N) ja k\u00e4\u00e4nn\u00f6set\u00e4isyyden kasvavan (polvikulma 57 -61.8\u00b0) l\u00e4hestymisnopeuden kasvamisen seurauksena. Ponnistusvoimataso nousi aluksi l\u00e4hestymisnopeuden kasvun my\u00f6t\u00e4, mutta k\u00e4\u00e4ntyi laskuun l\u00e4hestytt\u00e4ess\u00e4 100 %:n nopeuksia. Vertailtaessa kv- ja kans. tason uimareita toisiinsa havaittiin kv tason uimare iden saavuttavan suurempia voimia ja nopeuksia kans. tason uimareih in verrattuna. K\u00e4\u00e4nn\u00f6sponnistuksen kv tason uimarit suorittivat suoraviivaisesti ilman kiertoliikett\u00e4. Sen sijaan kans. tason uimarit kiertyiv\u00e4t voimakkaasti ponnistuksen aikana. Kv tason uimareiden voima-aikak\u00e4yr\u00e4 muistutti Bounching ball- tyyppist\u00e4 k\u00e4yr\u00e4\u00e4 (Horita ym. 2002) symmetrisen muotonsa ansiosta, kans. tason uimareilla k\u00e4yr\u00e4n muodon vaihdellessa. L\u00e4hestymisnopeuden kasvaminen nopeutti k\u00e4\u00e4nn\u00f6st\u00e4 kaikilla koehenkil\u00f6ill\u00e4. Uimarin kyky tuottaa ponnistusvoimaa ei kuitenkaan t\u00e4ysin selit\u00e4 hyv\u00e4\u00e4 k\u00e4\u00e4nn\u00f6snopeutta. Siihen vaikuttavat mm. k\u00e4\u00e4nn\u00f6set\u00e4isyys sein\u00e4st\u00e4 sek\u00e4 suurilla nopeuksilla taito liukua l\u00e4pi vastustavien vesimassojen. Kansainv\u00e4lisen tason uimari ponnistaa suoraviivaisesti ulos sein\u00e4st\u00e4. Kansallisen tason uimari kiertyy pituusakselinsa ymp\u00e4ri ponnistuksen aikana. T\u00e4m\u00e4 tutkimus vahvistaa hypoteesin, jonka mukaan kansainv\u00e4lisen tason uimari on parempi k\u00e4\u00e4ntyj\u00e4 verrattuna kansallisen tason uimariin. K\u00e4\u00e4nn\u00f6kset ja uimarit ovat kuitenkin erilaisia, eik\u00e4 kansainv\u00e4lisen uimarin k\u00e4\u00e4nn\u00f6s ole v\u00e4ltt\u00e4m\u00e4tt\u00e4 aina optimaalinen.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2008-01-08T06:53:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1\nG0000214.pdf: 682343 bytes, checksum: f49be7ee41d12d3c35bbfe2fcc971821 (MD5)\n Previous issue date: 2003", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "74 lehte\u00e4.", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "fin", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "vapaauinti", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "voimantuotto", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "vastusvoima", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "vastusimpulssi", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "ponnistusvoima", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "L\u00e4hestymisnopeuden vaikutus k\u00e4\u00e4nn\u00f6ksen voimantuottoon ja nopeuteen vapaauinnissa", "language": null, "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-2003903285", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.dcmitype", "value": "Text", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "dcmitype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Liikuntatieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Liikuntabiologian laitos", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Department of Biology of Physical Activity", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Biomekaniikka", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Biomechanics", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "openAccess", "language": "fi", "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", 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