Effects of carotid endarterectomy on the neural basis of working memory and attention

Kaulavaltimon endarterektomia (CEA) on kirurginen toimenpide, jolla ennaltaehkäistään aivoinfarkteja hoitamalla kaulavaltimoahtaumaa. Toimenpide voi parantaa aivojen verenkiertoa ja sitä kautta sillä saattaa olla vaikutuksia myös kognitiivisiin toimintoihin. Magnetoenkefalografia (MEG) mahdollist...

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Päätekijät: Peura, Maria, Sääskilahti, Markus
Muut tekijät: Kasvatustieteiden ja psykologian tiedekunta, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Psykologian laitos, Department of Psychology, Jyväskylän yliopisto, University of Jyväskylä
Aineistotyyppi: Pro gradu
Kieli:eng
Julkaistu: 2020
Aiheet:
Linkit: https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/71701
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author Peura, Maria Sääskilahti, Markus
author2 Kasvatustieteiden ja psykologian tiedekunta Faculty of Education and Psychology Psykologian laitos Department of Psychology Jyväskylän yliopisto University of Jyväskylä
author_facet Peura, Maria Sääskilahti, Markus Kasvatustieteiden ja psykologian tiedekunta Faculty of Education and Psychology Psykologian laitos Department of Psychology Jyväskylän yliopisto University of Jyväskylä Peura, Maria Sääskilahti, Markus Kasvatustieteiden ja psykologian tiedekunta Faculty of Education and Psychology Psykologian laitos Department of Psychology Jyväskylän yliopisto University of Jyväskylä
author_sort Peura, Maria
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description Kaulavaltimon endarterektomia (CEA) on kirurginen toimenpide, jolla ennaltaehkäistään aivoinfarkteja hoitamalla kaulavaltimoahtaumaa. Toimenpide voi parantaa aivojen verenkiertoa ja sitä kautta sillä saattaa olla vaikutuksia myös kognitiivisiin toimintoihin. Magnetoenkefalografia (MEG) mahdollistaa tiedon saamisen siitä, kuinka toimenpide voi vaikuttaa kognitiivisen toiminnan taustalla olevaan aivojen sähköiseen toimintaan. Aikaisemman tutkimuksen tulokset eivät ole yhteneväisiä siitä, miten toimenpide voi vaikuttaa kognitiiviseen toimintaan. Tarkkaavuuden ja työmuistin neuraalisia mekanismeja ei ole aiemmin tarkasteltu MEG:n avulla CEA:aan liittyen. Tutkimuksessamme tarkastelemme, vaikuttaako tämä toimenpide työmuistin ja tarkkaavuuden neuraaliseen perustaan MEG:lla mitattuna. Analysoimme tapahtumasidonnaisia herätevasteita (ERF) kolmelta eri mittauskerralta leikkaushoidon jälkeen (n=5). Työmme on eksploratiivinen ja se tarjoaa suuntaviivoja sille, mitä tekijöitä tulevassa tutkimuksessa pitää ottaa huomioon. Tutkimuksemme tuloksien perusteella ei voida osoittaa, että toimenpiteellä olisi selkeää vaikutusta tarkkaavuuden tai työmuistin neuraaliseen perustaan. Löysimme viitteitä siihen, että leikkaushoito vaikuttaa tarkkaavuuteen liittyvään aivojen sähköiseen toimintaan, mutta näiden muutoksien merkitykset ovat epäselviä. Tutkimuksemme johtopäätös on, että tulevissa tutkimuksissa on perusteltua käyttää toiminnallisen aivokuvantamisen menetelmiä yhdessä kognitiivisen suoriutumisen arvioinnin kanssa, jotta leikkaushoidon mahdolliset vaikutukset kognitioon ymmärrettäisiin paremmin. Myös operoidun kaulavaltimon puolen mahdollinen vaikutus on syytä huomioida. Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is a surgical method done to prevent strokes by treating stenosis. The procedure can improve cerebral circulation and thus might also affect cognitive functioning. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) provides a method to gain insight on how the operation affects the electrical mechanisms of the brain related to cognition. Previous research is inconclusive regarding the effects of CEA on cognitive functioning. The neural mechanisms of attention and working memory related to CEA have not previously been studied with MEG. In this study we examine whether carotid endarterectomy affects the neural basis of working memory and attention with MEG. We analyze event-related fields (ERFs) from three different measurement sessions after the operation (n=5). Our study is exploratory and provides insight into what aspects should be considered in future studies. The results of our study do not indicate that the operation has clear effects on the neural correlates of attention and working memory. We did find indications that the operation affects the electrical activity of the brain related to attention, but the meaning of these changes is unclear. The conclusion of our study is that future research should utilize functional brain imaging methods together with cognitive performance evaluation to better understand the effects on cognition. The side of the operated carotid should also be taken into account.
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spellingShingle Peura, Maria Sääskilahti, Markus Effects of carotid endarterectomy on the neural basis of working memory and attention kaulavaltimon endarterektomia CEA kognitiiviset toiminnot tapahtumasidonnainen herätevaste carotid endarterectomy cognitive functions event-related field ERF evoked response Psykologia Psychology 202 tarkkaavaisuus työmuisti MEG attention working memory
title Effects of carotid endarterectomy on the neural basis of working memory and attention
title_full Effects of carotid endarterectomy on the neural basis of working memory and attention
title_fullStr Effects of carotid endarterectomy on the neural basis of working memory and attention Effects of carotid endarterectomy on the neural basis of working memory and attention
title_full_unstemmed Effects of carotid endarterectomy on the neural basis of working memory and attention Effects of carotid endarterectomy on the neural basis of working memory and attention
title_short Effects of carotid endarterectomy on the neural basis of working memory and attention
title_sort effects of carotid endarterectomy on the neural basis of working memory and attention
title_txtP Effects of carotid endarterectomy on the neural basis of working memory and attention
topic kaulavaltimon endarterektomia CEA kognitiiviset toiminnot tapahtumasidonnainen herätevaste carotid endarterectomy cognitive functions event-related field ERF evoked response Psykologia Psychology 202 tarkkaavaisuus työmuisti MEG attention working memory
topic_facet 202 CEA ERF MEG Psychology Psykologia attention carotid endarterectomy cognitive functions event-related field evoked response kaulavaltimon endarterektomia kognitiiviset toiminnot tapahtumasidonnainen herätevaste tarkkaavaisuus työmuisti working memory
url https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/71701 http://www.urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202009105807
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