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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Marjom\u00e4ki, Varpu", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Salmikangas, Sami", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2020-07-21T05:48:54Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2020-07-21T05:48:54Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2020", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/71206", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Enterovirukset ovat pieni\u00e4 vaipattomia viruksia, joilla on positiivinen RNAgenomi. Ihmisille infektiivisi\u00e4 enteroviruksia tunnetaan yli sata erilaista, ja ne\nvoivat aiheuttaa monia tauteja normaalista flunssasta syd\u00e4nlihastulehdukseen ja\naivokalvontulehdukseen. Enterovirusten el\u00e4m\u00e4nkierto tunnetaan melko hyvin,\nmutta riitt\u00e4m\u00e4tt\u00f6mien menetelmien takia niiden positiivisen RNA-genomin sek\u00e4\nnegatiivisten RNA-juosteiden jakaumaa ja m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4\u00e4 solussa infektion aikana ei\ntunneta juurikaan. Virusl\u00e4\u00e4kkeit\u00e4 voitaisiin suunnitella est\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4n mit\u00e4 tahansa\nviruksen el\u00e4m\u00e4nkierron vaihetta, mutta t\u00e4t\u00e4 varten tarvitaan uusia tekniikoita\ntutkia RNA-juosteita infektion aikana. T\u00e4ss\u00e4 tutkimuksessa kehitimme branched\nDNA in-situ fluoresenssi hybridisaatioon perustuvan uuden protokollan, ja\nk\u00e4ytimme t\u00e4t\u00e4 metodia k\u00e4\u00e4nteistranskriptio \u2013 kvantitatiivisen PCR:n ohella\nenterovirusten RNA-juosteiden jakauman ja m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4n tutkimiseen infektion aikana.\nTulostemme mukaan viruksen positiivisen-, negatiivisen- sek\u00e4 kaksoisjuosteisen\nRNA:n m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4 on l\u00e4hes olematon ennen kolmea tuntia infektion j\u00e4lkeen, ja niiden\nm\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4 kasvaa huomattavasti 4-5 tuntiin infektion j\u00e4lkeen. Positiivinen RNA on\njakautunut solun ulkoreunoille, kun taas negatiivinen ja kaksoisjuosteinen RNA on\nl\u00e4hemp\u00e4n\u00e4 solun tumaa. RNA juosteet eiv\u00e4t lokalisoidu viruksen kapsidin tai solun\ntuman kanssa. Testasimme my\u00f6s kolmen eri virusl\u00e4\u00e4kkeen vaikutusta RNAjuosteiden m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4\u00e4n ja jakaumaan solussa, ja tulostemme mukaan kaikki l\u00e4\u00e4kkeet\nestiv\u00e4t virusinfektion ja viruksen RNA-synteesin l\u00e4hes kokonaan. N\u00e4m\u00e4 tulokset,\nkehitt\u00e4m\u00e4mme protokollan ohella, auttavat tutkimaan enterovirusten\nel\u00e4m\u00e4nkiertoa tehokkaammin ja kehitt\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4n uusia mahdollisia virusl\u00e4\u00e4kkeit\u00e4.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Enteroviruses are small, non-enveloped viruses with a positive-sense RNA genome.\nOver a hundred different serotypes of enteroviruses can infect humans, and they can\ncause a wide range of diseases from common colds to encephalitis and myocarditis.\nThe life cycle of enteroviruses is relatively well known, but the distribution of the\npositive RNA genome and its complementary negative RNA strands during an\ninfection are unknown, mostly due to lacking techniques. Certain antiviral drugs\ncould target this step of the life cycle, inhibiting the synthesis of the negative strand\nand stopping the infection, but to study this in more detail, new methods are required\nto visualise the viral RNAs effectively. In this study, we developed a protocol to study\nthe enterovirus RNAs using branched DNA fluorescence in-situ hybridization. With\nthis method, along with reverse transcription quantitative PCR, we studied the\ndistribution and the amounts of enterovirus RNAs during an infection in vitro. The\nresults indicate that the amounts of positive-, negative- and double stranded RNAs\nare negligible before 3 hours post-infection, and gradually rise after 4-5 hours postinfection. The positive RNA is located peripherally in the cell with the negative RNA\nand double stranded RNA being located more centrally. Furthermore, the RNA\nmolecules reside in different locations than the viral capsid proteins and the cell\nnuclei. We also tested the effect of three different antiviral drugs on the distribution\nand amounts of viral RNAs, and the results show that all tested molecules effectively\ninhibit the infection and the appearance of viral RNAs. These results, along with the\nbranched DNA protocol we established, will be useful in more efficiently studying\nthe life cycle of enteroviruses and in the development of antiviral drugs.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by Paivi Vuorio (paelvuor@jyu.fi) on 2020-07-21T05:48:54Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 0", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2020-07-21T05:48:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0\n Previous issue date: 2020", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "48", "language": "", "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "eng", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "amplification", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "antiviral drugs", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "branched DNA", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "confocal microscopy", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "in-situ hybridization", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Cellular distribution and amounts of positive and negative RNA strands of enterovirus during an infection in vitro", "language": "", "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202007215361", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Bio- ja ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6tieteiden laitos", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Department of Biological and Environmental Science", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Solu- ja molekyylibiologia", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Cell and molecular biology", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.funding", "value": "0", "language": "", "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "funding", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "openAccess", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.oppiainekoodi", "value": "4013", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "oppiainekoodi", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "replikaatio", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "fluoresenssi", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "enterovirukset", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "RNA", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "replication (biology)", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "fluorescence", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "enteroviruses", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "RNA", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.content", "value": "fulltext", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "content", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": "https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "url", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.okm", "value": "G2", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "okm", "schema": "dc"}]
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