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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Sillanp\u00e4\u00e4, Elina", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Piispa, Marjo", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2020-06-05T07:57:45Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2020-06-05T07:57:45Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2020", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/69739", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Biologista ik\u00e4\u00e4 on pyritty kuvaamaan erilaisten biomarkkereiden ja niit\u00e4 yhdistelevien matemaattisten algoritmien avulla. Uusimmat ik\u00e4\u00e4ntymist\u00e4 mittaavat menetelm\u00e4t perustuvat DNA-metylaatioon, josta on kehitetty erilaisia epigeneettisi\u00e4 kelloja. Niiden avulla voidaan mitata epigeneettist\u00e4 ik\u00e4\u00e4 vuosissa. Epigeneettisist\u00e4 kelloista uusin on GrimAge, joka ennustaa mm. sairastuvuutta ja kuolemanriski\u00e4 paremmin kuin aiemmin kehitetyt epigeneettiset kellot. Elintapojen vaikutusta epigeneettiseen ik\u00e4\u00e4ntymiseen on tutkittu vasta v\u00e4h\u00e4n ja erityisesti nuoruusi\u00e4n elintapojen vaikutus ik\u00e4\u00e4ntymiseen on ep\u00e4selv\u00e4. Elintavoista tupakoinnin yhteytt\u00e4 ik\u00e4\u00e4ntymiseen on tutkittu jonkin verran i\u00e4kk\u00e4\u00e4mmill\u00e4 mutta ei nuoremmilla tutkittavilla, vaikka tupakointi on yleisemp\u00e4\u00e4 nuorissa ik\u00e4luokissa. T\u00e4m\u00e4n pro gradu -tutkielman tarkoituksena oli GrimAge-kellon avulla tutkia, onko tupakoinnilla yhteytt\u00e4 varhaisaikuisuuden epigeneettiseen ik\u00e4\u00e4ntymiseen. \nTutkielmassa k\u00e4ytettiin suomalaisen Kaksosten kehitys- ja terveys \u2013tutkimuksen (Finntwin 12) osa-aineistoa, johon kuului 763 tutkittavaa. Tutkielmassa selvitettiin keskim\u00e4\u00e4rin 22-vuotiaana mitatun epigeneettisen ik\u00e4\u00e4ntymisnopeuden yhteytt\u00e4 nuoruusi\u00e4n tupakointistatukseen ja tupakoinnin kestoon. Analyysiss\u00e4 k\u00e4ytettiin 17- ja 22-vuotiaana kyselyin selvitettyj\u00e4 tupakointitietoja. Tilastoanalyysiss\u00e4 muuttujien normaalijakautuneisuutta tarkasteltiin Shapiro-Wilkin testill\u00e4 ja sukupuolierojen testaamiseen k\u00e4ytettiin riippumattomien ryhmien t-testi\u00e4 ja Pearsonin Chi-square -testi\u00e4. Epigeneettisen ik\u00e4\u00e4ntymisnopeuden keskiarvojen eroja eri tupakointiluokissa tarkasteltiin kaksisuuntaisella varianssianalyysilla, jossa luokittavina tekij\u00f6in\u00e4 olivat sukupuoli ja tupakointistatus. Tupakoinnin ja sukupuolen mahdollista yhdysvaikutusta tarkasteltiin suhteessa epigeneettiseen ik\u00e4\u00e4ntymisnopeuteen. \nTupakoivat olivat epigeneettiselt\u00e4 i\u00e4lt\u00e4\u00e4n 3,3 vuotta vanhempia kuin ei-tupakoivat (p < 0.001) ja eitupakoivat 0,8 vuotta nuorempia kuin tupakoinnin lopettaneet (p = 0.004). Nuoruusi\u00e4ss\u00e4 pitk\u00e4\u00e4n jatkunut tupakointi (~ 4,8 v) kiihdytti epigeneettist\u00e4 ik\u00e4\u00e4ntymist\u00e4 3,7 vuodella ei-tupakoiviin verrattuna (p < 0.001), mutta my\u00f6s lyhyemm\u00e4n aikaa tupakoineet (< 4,8 v) ik\u00e4\u00e4ntyiv\u00e4t nopeammin kuin ei-tupakoivat (2,1 v, p < 0.001). Epigeneettinen ik\u00e4\u00e4ntymisnopeus ei riippunut sukupuolen ja tupakointistatuksen yhdysvaikutuksesta, mutta tutkimusjoukon naiset ik\u00e4\u00e4ntyiv\u00e4t keskim\u00e4\u00e4rin hitaammin kuin miehet. \nTupakoinnin terveyshaitoista on vahvaa tutkimusn\u00e4ytt\u00f6\u00e4. T\u00e4m\u00e4n pro gradu -tutkielman tulokset viittaavat siihen, ett\u00e4 GrimAge epigeneettisen kellon avulla on mahdollista saada selvitetty\u00e4 nuoruusi\u00e4n elintapojen, kuten tupakoinnin, vaikutusta my\u00f6s ik\u00e4\u00e4ntymiseen. Kansanterveysty\u00f6lle on merkityksellist\u00e4, jos haitallisten elintapojen vaikutukset pystyt\u00e4\u00e4n havaitsemaan jo ennen kuin ne aiheuttavat terveysongelmia ja ovat viel\u00e4 mahdollisesti korjattavissa.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Efforts have been made to describe biological age using various biomarkers and mathematical algorithms that combine them. The latest methods for measuring biological ageing utilize DNAmethylation data. Epigenetic clocks are algorithms that are based on clockwise changes in DNA methylation sites. These clocks can be used to measure epigenetic age (DNA methylation age) in years. The most recently published epigenetic clock is GrimAge which predicts e.g. morbidity and the risk of mortality better than the earlier epigenetic clocks. Knowledge regarding associations between lifestyles and epigenetic aging is scarce, and only few studies thus far have included adolescent individuals and young adults into their analysis. For example, the association of smoking with aging has been studied somewhat in older but not in younger subjects, although smoking is more common habit among younger age groups. The purpose of this Master\u2019s thesis was to use the GrimAge epigenetic clock to investigate whether smoking is associated with epigenetic aging in early adulthood. \nThis dissertation used the data of the Finnish Twin Cohort (Finntwin 12), which included 763 subjects. The association between the rate of epigenetic aging measured at the mean age of 22 years and smoking status and duration of smoking at the same age was investigated. In addition the smoking status at mean age of 17 was used in analysis to estimate the effect of longer smoking exposure. In the statistical analysis, the normal distribution of the variables was examined by the Shapiro-Wilk test and gender group differences for different variables were examined using independent sample t-test and Pearson\u2019s Chi-square test. Differences in mean rates of epigenetic aging were examined in a two-way analysis of variance with smoking status and sex group as classifying factors. The potential interaction between smoking and sex group was examined with relation to the epigenetic aging. \nThe epigenetic aging of smokers was 3.3 years faster compared to non-smokers (p <0.001) and aging of non-smokers was 0.8 years slower compared to those who had quitted smoking (p = 0.004). Prolonged smoking in adolescence (~ 4.8 years) accelerated epigenetic aging by 3.7 years compared to nonsmokers (p <0.001), but shorter-term smokers (<4.8 years) also aged faster than non-smokers (2.1 years, p <0.001). There was no sex-smoking interaction but women were epigenetically younger compared to men. \nThere is strong research evidence regarding health risks caused by smoking. The results of this Master\u2019s thesis suggest that with the help of epigenetic clock GrimAge it is possible to elucidate the impact of adolescent lifestyles, such as smoking, on aging. From public health perspective it is important if it is possible to estimate the effects of harmful lifestyles before they cause health problems and might even be remedied.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by Paivi Vuorio (paelvuor@jyu.fi) on 2020-06-05T07:57:45Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 0", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2020-06-05T07:57:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0\n Previous issue date: 2020", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "70", "language": "", "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "fin", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "epigeneettinen kello", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "GrimAge", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "epigeneettinen ik\u00e4\u00e4ntymisnopeus", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "biologinen ik\u00e4\u00e4ntyminen", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "varhaisaikuisuus", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Tupakoinnin yhteys epigeneettiseen ik\u00e4\u00e4ntymiseen varhaisaikuisuudessa", "language": "", "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202006053996", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Liikuntatieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Liikunta- ja terveystieteet", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Sport and Health Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Gerontologia ja kansanterveys", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Gerontology and Public Health", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.funding", "value": "0", "language": "", "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "funding", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "openAccess", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.oppiainekoodi", "value": "50423", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "oppiainekoodi", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "DNA-metylaatio", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "tupakointi", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "ik\u00e4\u00e4ntyminen", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "epigenetiikka", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": "https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "url", "schema": "dc"}]
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