| fullrecord |
[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Itkonen, Hannu", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Pihlajamaa, Eerikki", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2020-05-25T08:14:19Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2020-05-25T08:14:19Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2020", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/69175", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Vapaaottelu on viimeisen kahdenkymmenen vuoden aikana noussut urheilulajien marginaalista kohti valtavirran tietoisuutta. Intensiiviseen fyysiseen kontaktiin perustuva urheilulaji on saanut kiinnostuksen lis\u00e4ksi my\u00f6s paljon kritiikki\u00e4. Arvostelijoiden mukaan urheiluv\u00e4kivaltaa edustavan lajin yksil\u00f6lliset riskit ovat huomattavia ja sen yhteiskunnallinen vaikutus on negatiivinen. Vapaaottelijoiden mukaan kyse on puolestaan vain yhdest\u00e4 urheilulajista muiden joukossa. V\u00e4kivallan ristiriitaiset m\u00e4\u00e4ritelm\u00e4t ja fyysisten kontaktien yksil\u00f6lliset tulkinnat vaikeuttavat keskustelua aiheen ymp\u00e4rill\u00e4. Erilaisten n\u00e4k\u00f6kulmien takana olevien arvojen, puhetapojen ja merkitysten avaaminen on t\u00e4st\u00e4 syyst\u00e4 t\u00e4rke\u00e4\u00e4. T\u00e4m\u00e4n tutkimuksen tarkoituksena on tarkastella v\u00e4kivallan sek\u00e4 fyysisen kontaktin m\u00e4\u00e4ritelmi\u00e4 ja tulkintoja suomalaisten ammattilaisvapaaottelijoiden n\u00e4k\u00f6kulmasta. \n\nTutkimuksen kirjallisuuskatsaus muodostuu kahdesta osasta. Ensimm\u00e4isess\u00e4 osassa tarkastellaan vapaaottelun historiallista kehityskaarta urheilullistumisen ja ammattimaistumisen viitekehyksess\u00e4. Toisessa osassa syvennyt\u00e4\u00e4n k\u00e4sittelem\u00e4\u00e4n tarkemmin aggressiivisuuden ja v\u00e4kivallan m\u00e4\u00e4ritelmi\u00e4 sek\u00e4 n\u00e4it\u00e4 kahta erottelevia tekij\u00f6it\u00e4. N\u00e4iden kahden osion muodostama teoreettinen viitekehys mahdollistaa vapaaottelijoiden tulkintojen asettamisen yksil\u00f6tason lis\u00e4ksi my\u00f6s laajempaan yhteiskunnalliseen kontekstiin. Tutkimuksen empiirisen\u00e4 aineistona on kuusi teemahaastattelua, joissa vapaaottelijat p\u00e4\u00e4siv\u00e4t varsin vapaasti pohtimaan suhdettaan v\u00e4kivaltaan, fyysiseen kontaktiin ja oman lajinsa yhteiskunnalliseen asemaan.\n\nSuomalaisten ammattilaisvapaaottelijoiden m\u00e4\u00e4ritelm\u00e4t v\u00e4kivallasta noudattelivat samoja teemoja tutkimuskirjallisuuden kanssa, mutta eroavaisuuksiakin l\u00f6ytyi. S\u00e4\u00e4nt\u00f6jen ja vahingoittamisen lis\u00e4ksi my\u00f6s valta-asetelman v\u00e4\u00e4rink\u00e4ytt\u00f6 n\u00e4htiin v\u00e4kivaltaa m\u00e4\u00e4ritt\u00e4v\u00e4n\u00e4 tekij\u00e4n\u00e4. My\u00f6s pitk\u00e4vaikutteinen vahingoittaminen ja lyhytkestoinen satuttaminen eroteltiin toisistaan, joista j\u00e4lkimm\u00e4ist\u00e4 ei pidetty v\u00e4kivaltana laisinkaan. Yhtenev\u00e4iset m\u00e4\u00e4ritelm\u00e4t v\u00e4kivallasta selittyv\u00e4t sosiaalisen oppimisen teorian kautta. Ammattilaiseksi asti kavunneet ottelijat ovat sis\u00e4ist\u00e4neet lajikulttuurin sis\u00e4iset arvot ja toimintamallit osaksi omaa ajatusmaailmaansa. Vapaaottelun fyysisten kontaktien ja v\u00e4kivaltaisuuden tulkinnat tyypiteltiin kahteen ideaalityyppiin. \u201dUrheilutulkinnassa\u201d korostui fyysisen kontaktin instrumentaalisuus ja lajin urheilullisuus, eik\u00e4 vapaaotteluun n\u00e4hty sis\u00e4ltyv\u00e4n todellista v\u00e4kivaltaa. \u201dGladiaattoritulkinnassa\u201d puolestaan korostuivat v\u00e4kivallan todellisuus, vastustajan alistamisen kautta saavutettava nautinto sek\u00e4 kamppailutilanteen laukaisemat emotionaaliset reaktiot. Vapaaottelun fyysisi\u00e4 kontakteja ja v\u00e4kivaltaa kuvaavat tulkinnat ovat muuttuneet ajan my\u00f6t\u00e4 niin mediassa kuin lajitoimijoidenkin puhetavoissa. Muutoksen taustalla voidaan n\u00e4hd\u00e4 olevan liikuntakulttuurin yleinen urheilullistumiskehitys.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "For the past twenty years mixed martial arts as a sport has been moving from the margins towards the mainstream. The sport itself is based on intensive physical contact and while it has sparked general interest it has been generating a lot of criticism as well. The critics argue that the sport represents violence and its effects on an individual and societal level are negative. The mixed martial artists themselves see it as just another sport among others. Contradicting definitions of violence and differing interpretations of physical contact hinder the discussion revolving around the subject. For that reason, explaining the values, parlances and meanings behind different viewpoints is extremely important. The aim of this study is to examine the definitions and interpretations of violence and physical contact from the viewpoint of Finnish professional mixed martial artists.\n\nThe theoretical background of this study can be divided into two segments. The first segment examines the historical arch of mixed martial arts as a sport in the context of sportification and professionalization. In the second segment the study scrutinizes the definitions and distinguishing factors of aggression and violence. These two segments provide the study a theoretical framework in which the interpretations of the mixed martial artists can be analysed both on individual and on societal level. The empirical part of this study consists of six semi-structured interviews. The relatively casual interview structure allowed the mixed martial artists to freely reflect on their relationship with violence and physical contact and to consider their sport\u2019s position in Finnish society.\n\nThe Finnish mixed martial artists\u2019 interpretations of violence were mostly in line with the themes found in the theoretical literature. However small differences where found. Besides the rules and intentional harm, the abuse of power was found to be a determinant of violence. Also, difference was made between injuring that had long-term effects and inflicting temporary pain. The latter was not considered as a determinant of violence. The converging definitions of violence is explained through the social learning theory. The individuals who had become professionals had also internalized the values and operating models of the mixed martial arts subculture. Interpretations of physical contact and violence in mixed martial arts were divided into two ideal types. The \u201cSports interpretation\u201d highlighted the instrumental nature of physical contact and the sports aspect of mixed martial arts. It also argued that mixed martial did not include real violence. The \u201cGladiator interpretation\u201d emphasized realness of violence, pleasure derived from dominating your opponent and emotional reactions triggered by combat. The interpretations of violence and physical contact in mixed martial arts have changed over time within the sport\u2019s subculture and in the media. General trend of sportification seems to be the driving force behind this change.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by Paivi Vuorio (paelvuor@jyu.fi) on 2020-05-25T08:14:19Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 0", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2020-05-25T08:14:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0\n Previous issue date: 2020", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "86", "language": "", "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "fin", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "fyysinen kontakti", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "urheilullistuminen", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "\u201dJust viime kev\u00e4\u00e4n\u00e4 m\u00e4 hakkasin sen kyyn\u00e4rp\u00e4ill\u00e4 pihalle\u201d : v\u00e4kivalta ja fyysiset kontaktit suomalaisten ammattilaisvapaaottelijoiden tulkitsemina", "language": "", "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202005253428", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Liikuntatieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Liikunta- ja terveystieteet", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Sport and Health Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Liikunnan yhteiskuntatieteet", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Social Sciences of Sport", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.funding", "value": "0", "language": "", "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "funding", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "openAccess", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.oppiainekoodi", "value": "5032", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "oppiainekoodi", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "v\u00e4kivalta", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "vapaaottelu", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "vapaaottelijat", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "aggressiivisuus", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.content", "value": "fulltext", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "content", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": "https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "url", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.okm", "value": "G2", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "okm", "schema": "dc"}]
|