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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Moilanen, Jani", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "V\u00e4is\u00e4nen, Ari", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Virtanen, Emilia", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2020-04-24T06:09:15Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2020-04-24T06:09:15Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2020", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/68662", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Lantanoideja sovelletaan hyvin laajasti teknologian eri osa-alueilla ja uusiutuvan energian tuotannossa. Tulevaisuudessa vihre\u00e4mm\u00e4n energian ja s\u00e4hk\u00f6autojen yleistyess\u00e4 lantanoidien kysynt\u00e4 tulee kasvamaan entiselt\u00e4\u00e4n. Jo t\u00e4ll\u00e4 hetkell\u00e4 lantanoidien tuotannossa ilmenee tasapaino-ongelma, jossa osaa lantanoideista tuotetaan ylim\u00e4\u00e4rin, mutta kriittisi\u00e4 lantanoideja kuten neodyymi\u00e4 tuotetaan suhteessa v\u00e4h\u00e4n sen suureen kysynt\u00e4\u00e4n. Tasapaino-ongelmaan ja lantanoidien kasvavaan kysynt\u00e4\u00e4n voitaisiin tulevaisuudessa vastata alkamalla hy\u00f6dynt\u00e4m\u00e4\u00e4n sekund\u00e4\u00e4risi\u00e4 l\u00e4hteit\u00e4. Potentiaalisia sekund\u00e4\u00e4risi\u00e4 l\u00e4hteit\u00e4 ovat erityisesti teollisuuden sivuvirrat ja elektroniikkaromu. Kierr\u00e4tysasteet lantanoidien lopputuotteille ovat kuitenkin t\u00e4ll\u00e4 hetkell\u00e4 vain noin prosentin luokkaa, sill\u00e4 kustannustehokkaita kierr\u00e4tysprosesseja ei viel\u00e4 ole kehitetty. Lantanoidien tehokas kierr\u00e4tt\u00e4minen vaatisi siten sekund\u00e4\u00e4risten l\u00e4hteiden uuttoprosessien kehitt\u00e4mist\u00e4 tehokkaampaan suuntaan esimerkiksi uuttoreagensseja parantelemalla. T\u00e4ll\u00e4 hetkell\u00e4 tutkitaan jo nykyiselt\u00e4\u00e4n yleisesti k\u00e4ytettyjen reagenssien uuttotehokkuuden parantamista sek\u00e4 etsit\u00e4\u00e4n uusia uuttoreagensseja, kuten \u03b1-aminofosfonaatteja, jotka ovat antaneet alustavasti hyvi\u00e4 tuloksia. \u03b1-Aminofosfonaatteja voidaan syntetisoida suoraviivaisesti kolmen komponentin synteesireiteill\u00e4.\nPro gradu tutkielman kirjallisessa osassa k\u00e4sitell\u00e4\u00e4n ensin lyhyesti lantanoidien perusominaisuuksia ja tarkastellaan niiden k\u00e4ytt\u00f6kohteita, tuotantoa ja mahdollisia sekund\u00e4\u00e4risi\u00e4 l\u00e4hteit\u00e4. Sitten k\u00e4yd\u00e4\u00e4n l\u00e4vitse tutkimuksia lantanoidien talteenottamisesta sekund\u00e4\u00e4risist\u00e4 l\u00e4hteist\u00e4 ja tarkastellaan perinteisten uuttoreagenssien muodostamien ioninesteiden tutkimuksia sek\u00e4 tutkimuksia \u03b1-aminofosfonaattien toimivuudesta uuttoreagensseina. Lopuksi tarkastellaan viel\u00e4 \u03b1-aminofosfonaattien synteesireittej\u00e4 eri l\u00e4ht\u00f6aineista.\nKokeellisessa osassa syntetisoitiin kolme \u03b1-aminodimetyylifosfonaattia kirjallisuudessa raportoidulla tavalla. \u03b1-Aminodimetyylifosfonaattien kompleksoitumista tutkittiin tekem\u00e4ll\u00e4 31P NMR-titrauksia, jolloin havaittiin tutkittavana olleen ligandin koordinoituvan 1:3 metalli-ligandisuhteella yttriumin kanssa. Syntetisoiduille yhdisteille tehtiin uutto ja saostuskokeita lantanoidien kanssa typpi- ja rikkihapossa synteettisill\u00e4 liuoksilla. Aminofosfonaattien substituenttien havaittiin vaikuttavan kykyyn uuttaa ja saostaa lantanoideja liuoksesta. Syntetisoiduista yhdisteist\u00e4 parhaimmaksi uuttoreagenssiksi soveltuisi difosfonaatti, jonka substituenttina on teollisuudessakin k\u00e4ytetty 2-etyyliheksyyli.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by Miia Hakanen (mihakane@jyu.fi) on 2020-04-24T06:09:15Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 0", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2020-04-24T06:09:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0\n Previous issue date: 2020", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "56", "language": "", "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "fin", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "lantanoidit", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Aminometyylifosfonaattiligandien syntetisoiminen ja niiden hy\u00f6dynt\u00e4minen lantanoidien talteenotossa", "language": "", "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202004242874", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Kemian laitos", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Department of Chemistry", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Ep\u00e4orgaaninen ja analyyttinen kemia", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.funding", "value": "0", "language": "", "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "funding", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "restrictedAccess", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.oppiainekoodi", "value": "4031", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "oppiainekoodi", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "harvinaiset maametallit", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "talteenotto", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.content", "value": "fulltext", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "content", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": "https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "url", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accessrights", "value": "P\u00e4\u00e4sy\u00e4 osaan aineistoa on rajoitettu. Aineisto on luettavissa Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopiston kirjaston <a href=\"https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/fi/tyoskentelytilat/laitteet-ja-tilat\">arkistoty\u00f6asemalta</a>.", "language": "fi", "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accessrights", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accessrights", "value": "<br><br>Part of the work has restricted access. Therefore the material can be read only at the archival <a href=\"https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/en/workspaces/facilities\">workstation</a> at Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 University Library reserved for the use of archival materials.", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accessrights", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.okm", "value": "G2", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "okm", "schema": "dc"}]
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