Changes in nuclear permeability and histone distribution during herpesvirus infection

Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) is a human pathogenic dsDNA virus capable of lytic orolabial infections in humans. Initial lytic infections lead to life-long and sporadically reactivating latent infections. In a lytic infection, viral DNA replication and progeny capsid assembly take place inside the...

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Main Author: Salminen, Sami
Other Authors: Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta, Faculty of Sciences, Bio- ja ympäristötieteiden laitos, Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Jyväskylän yliopisto, University of Jyväskylä
Format: Master's thesis
Language:eng
Published: 2019
Subjects:
Online Access: https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/68153
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author Salminen, Sami
author2 Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta Faculty of Sciences Bio- ja ympäristötieteiden laitos Department of Biological and Environmental Science Jyväskylän yliopisto University of Jyväskylä
author_facet Salminen, Sami Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta Faculty of Sciences Bio- ja ympäristötieteiden laitos Department of Biological and Environmental Science Jyväskylän yliopisto University of Jyväskylä Salminen, Sami Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta Faculty of Sciences Bio- ja ympäristötieteiden laitos Department of Biological and Environmental Science Jyväskylän yliopisto University of Jyväskylä
author_sort Salminen, Sami
datasource_str_mv jyx
description Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) is a human pathogenic dsDNA virus capable of lytic orolabial infections in humans. Initial lytic infections lead to life-long and sporadically reactivating latent infections. In a lytic infection, viral DNA replication and progeny capsid assembly take place inside the host cell nucleus. The lytic infection results in extensive reorganization of nuclear structures and processes, including formation of viral replication compartments (VRCs) and marginalization of host chromatin to the nuclear periphery. Currently it is not known if these changes in nuclear architecture affect nucleocytoplasmic transport and nuclear permeability. Preliminary studies had indicated cytoplasmic histone accumulation during the infection, which could be due to changes in nuclear permeability. To study nucleocytoplasmic shuttling and localization of histones, confocal microscopy was used to analyze changes in histone distribution. Immunolabeling revealed an increase in the cytoplasmic localization of euchromatin (H3K27ac) marker and especially heterochromatin marker (H3K9me3) at 8 h and 12 h post infection (hpi). Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) experiments revealed a significant increase in the nuclear permeability of GFP at 12 hpi. Additionally, distribution of fluorescent importin β-EGFP shifted towards the nucleoplasm in infected cells at 8 and 12 hpi. These results suggest that marginalized chromatin does not hinder the nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of molecules and cytoplasmic accumulation of histones is not due to obstructed nuclear import. Instead, extranuclear histones and increase in nuclear permeability could be due to previously reported infection-induced nuclear pore impairment.
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Initial lytic infections lead to life-long and sporadically reactivating latent infections. In a lytic infection, viral DNA replication and progeny capsid assembly take place inside the host cell nucleus. The lytic infection results in extensive reorganization of nuclear structures and processes, including formation of viral replication compartments (VRCs) and marginalization of host chromatin to the nuclear periphery. Currently it is not known if these changes in nuclear architecture affect nucleocytoplasmic transport and nuclear permeability. Preliminary studies had indicated cytoplasmic histone accumulation during the infection, which could be due to changes in nuclear permeability. To study nucleocytoplasmic shuttling and localization of histones, confocal microscopy was used to analyze changes in histone distribution. 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spellingShingle Salminen, Sami Changes in nuclear permeability and histone distribution during herpesvirus infection nuclear permeability histone distribution Solu- ja molekyylibiologia Cell and molecular biology 4013 solubiologia virukset herpes simplex -virus herpesvirukset infektiot cell biology viruses herpes simplex virus herpesviruses infections
title Changes in nuclear permeability and histone distribution during herpesvirus infection
title_full Changes in nuclear permeability and histone distribution during herpesvirus infection
title_fullStr Changes in nuclear permeability and histone distribution during herpesvirus infection Changes in nuclear permeability and histone distribution during herpesvirus infection
title_full_unstemmed Changes in nuclear permeability and histone distribution during herpesvirus infection Changes in nuclear permeability and histone distribution during herpesvirus infection
title_short Changes in nuclear permeability and histone distribution during herpesvirus infection
title_sort changes in nuclear permeability and histone distribution during herpesvirus infection
title_txtP Changes in nuclear permeability and histone distribution during herpesvirus infection
topic nuclear permeability histone distribution Solu- ja molekyylibiologia Cell and molecular biology 4013 solubiologia virukset herpes simplex -virus herpesvirukset infektiot cell biology viruses herpes simplex virus herpesviruses infections
topic_facet 4013 Cell and molecular biology Solu- ja molekyylibiologia cell biology herpes simplex -virus herpes simplex virus herpesvirukset herpesviruses histone distribution infections infektiot nuclear permeability solubiologia virukset viruses
url https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/68153 http://www.urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202003132400
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