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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Sundberg, Lotta-Riina", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Ashrafi, Roghaieh", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Nurminen, Valtteri", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2019-12-17T07:53:03Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2019-12-17T07:53:03Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2019", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/66866", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Bakteereilla esiintyv\u00e4 antibioottivastustuskyky on ollut maailmanlaajuisessa kasvussa sek\u00e4 puheenaiheena ett\u00e4 terveydenhuollon ongelmana. Yksi vastustuskyvyn l\u00e4hteist\u00e4 l\u00f6ytyy kalankasvatuksesta. Kalojen tauteja hoidetaan ihmisten l\u00e4\u00e4kitsemiseen k\u00e4ytett\u00e4vill\u00e4 antibiooteilla, jotka luovat valintapainetta vesist\u00f6n bakteereihin. Kalankasvatuksessa yleisesti k\u00e4ytett\u00e4viin antibiootteihin kuuluvat tetrasykliinit, l\u00e4\u00e4keryhm\u00e4, joka rampauttaa mikrobin proteiinisynteesij\u00e4rjestelm\u00e4n. Uuden sukupolven tetrasykliineihin kuuluva tigesykliini on yksi viimeisen linjan antibiooteista, joita k\u00e4ytet\u00e4\u00e4n bakteeri-infektion hoitoon silloin, kun mik\u00e4\u00e4n muu l\u00e4\u00e4ke ei toimi. Tutkimuksessa mitattiin Keski-Suomessa sijaitsevien kalankasvatuslaitosten sis\u00e4\u00e4n- ja ulostulovesist\u00e4 vastustuskykyisten bakteerien, sek\u00e4 kolmen resistenssigeenin, tet(A):n, tet(C):n ja tet(X):n m\u00e4\u00e4ri\u00e4. Mainituista geeneist\u00e4 tet(X) koodaa entsyymi\u00e4, joka kykenee inaktivoimaan suurinta osaa tetrasykliineist\u00e4, mukaan lukien tigesykliini\u00e4. T\u00e4m\u00e4n vuoksi suoritettiin my\u00f6s kasvatuskokeita, joissa tarkasteltiin, miten tet(X):n sis\u00e4lt\u00e4v\u00e4n bakteeri-isolaatin, SK7:n, l\u00e4sn\u00e4olo vaikutti tetrasykliiniherk\u00e4n Escherichia coli -kannan DH5\u03b1 kasvuun tetrasykliinimaljoilla. Tulosten perusteella voitiin todeta, ett\u00e4 sek\u00e4 vastustuskykyisten bakteerien ett\u00e4 resistenssigeenien m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4 oli selv\u00e4sti suurempi poistovedess\u00e4 sis\u00e4\u00e4ntuloveteen verrattuna. Lis\u00e4ksi tet(X)-geeni\u00e4 k\u00e4ytt\u00e4v\u00e4n SK7:n l\u00e4sn\u00e4olo salli DH5\u03b1:n kasvun tetrasykliinimaljoilla. N\u00e4in ollen on mahdollista, ett\u00e4 tiukasta antibioottien k\u00e4ytt\u00f6\u00e4 koskevasta lains\u00e4\u00e4d\u00e4nn\u00f6st\u00e4 huolimatta antibioottiresistenssi voi kehitty\u00e4 luonnonpopulaatioissa kalankasvatuksen seurauksena.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "One of the sources for antibiotic resistance, a major problems facing global healthcare, can be found in aquaculture. Fish farms use the same antibiotics as we do in hospitals or get from the pharmacy. These include tetracyclines, a group of antibiotics that inactivate the translational system of the bacterial cell. Almost all tetracycline resistance genes code for efflux pumps or protective proteins, but one gene, tet(X), codes for a degradative enzyme that has been shown to be able to inactivate most tetracyclines irreversibly, including the last-line drug tigecycline. In this study we collected water samples from fish farms in Central Finland and measured the overall amounts of tetracycline resistant bacteria using plating methods and the number of the resistance genes tet(A), tet(C) and tet(X) by reaction qPCR analysis in the farm\u2019s inlet and outlet waters. We also isolated one bacterial strain harboring the tet(X) gene and monitored the effect of its presence to the growth of the susceptible Escherichia coli strain DH5\u03b1 in the presence of tetracycline. We were able to show that fish farming increases tetracycline resistance, with tet(C) being the most abundant in the outlet water. The amount of tetracycline-inactivating gene tet(X) increased also considerably, and the tet(X)-harboring bacterial isolate SK7 enabled the growth of tetracycline-susceptible DH5\u03b1 on plates containing the antibiotic. So, even with the highly regulated antibiotic usage in EU, antibiotics used in aquaculture may cause changes in the resistance gene profile in the environment.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by Paivi Vuorio (paelvuor@jyu.fi) on 2019-12-17T07:53:03Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 0", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2019-12-17T07:53:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0\n Previous issue date: 2019", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "62", "language": "", "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "eng", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "qPCR", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.other", "value": "evolutionary rescue", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "other", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Tetracycline resistance genes in aquaculture with a focus on inactivation enzyme-coding tet(X)", "language": "", "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201912175359", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Bio- ja ymp\u00e4rist\u00f6tieteiden laitos", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Department of Biological and Environmental Science", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Solu- ja molekyylibiologia", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Cell and molecular biology", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.funding", "value": "0", "language": "", "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "funding", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "restrictedAccess", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.oppiainekoodi", "value": "4013", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "oppiainekoodi", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "antibiootit", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "antibioottiresistenssi", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "bakteerit", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "vesiviljely (kalatalous)", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "antibiotics", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "antibiotic resistance", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "bacteria", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "aquaculture", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.content", "value": "fulltext", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "content", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": "https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "url", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accessrights", "value": "The author has not given permission to make the work publicly available electronically. Therefore the material can be read only at the archival workstation at Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 University Library (https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/en/workspaces/facilities).", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accessrights", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accessrights", "value": "Tekij\u00e4 ei ole antanut lupaa avoimeen julkaisuun, joten aineisto on luettavissa vain Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopiston kirjaston arkistoty\u00f6semalta. Ks. https://kirjasto.jyu.fi/fi/tyoskentelytilat/laitteet-ja-tilat..", "language": "fi", "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accessrights", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.okm", "value": "G2", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "okm", "schema": "dc"}]
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