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[{"key": "dc.contributor.advisor", "value": "Sipil\u00e4, Sarianna", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "advisor", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.author", "value": "Kervinen, Heidi", "language": "", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "author", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.accessioned", "value": "2019-08-21T05:34:21Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "accessioned", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.available", "value": "2019-08-21T05:34:21Z", "language": null, "element": "date", "qualifier": "available", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.date.issued", "value": "2019", "language": "", "element": "date", "qualifier": "issued", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.uri", "value": "https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/65262", "language": null, "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "uri", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "Tietotekniikan merkitys kansalaisten arjessa on kasvanut kiihtyv\u00e4ll\u00e4 tahdilla viime vuosikymmenten aikana, ja useat palvelut ovat siirtyneet osittain tai kokonaan s\u00e4hk\u00f6isiksi. Jotkut v\u00e4est\u00f6ryhm\u00e4t, kuten ik\u00e4\u00e4ntyneet ja heikommassa sosioekonomisessa asemassa olevat k\u00e4ytt\u00e4v\u00e4t tietokonetta ja Interneti\u00e4 muuta v\u00e4est\u00f6\u00e4 huomattavasti v\u00e4hemm\u00e4n. Yli 60-vuotiaiden m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4 v\u00e4est\u00f6st\u00e4 on nousussa koko maailmassa. T\u00e4m\u00e4n pro gradu -tutkielman tarkoituksena oli selvitt\u00e4\u00e4, onko sosioekonomisella asemalla yhteytt\u00e4 ik\u00e4\u00e4ntyneiden miesten ja naisten tietokoneen k\u00e4ytt\u00f6\u00f6n.\nTutkielmassa k\u00e4ytetty aineisto on ker\u00e4tty gerontologian tutkimuskeskuksen PASSWORD-tutkimuksesta. Tutkimukseen osallistui 314 satunnaisesti valittua jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4l\u00e4ist\u00e4 70\u201385-vuotiasta, v\u00e4h\u00e4n liikkuvaa miest\u00e4 ja naista. Sosioekonomista asemaa mittaavat muuttujat olivat koulutustaso, koulutusvuodet, talouden nettotulot ja ammattiasema. Tutkittavien tietokoneen k\u00e4ytt\u00f6\u00e4 mitattiin k\u00e4yt\u00f6ss\u00e4 koettujen vaikeuksien ilmenemisell\u00e4 sek\u00e4 tietokoneen \u00e4\u00e4rell\u00e4 p\u00e4ivitt\u00e4in k\u00e4ytetyll\u00e4 ajalla. N\u00e4iden muuttujien tiedot ker\u00e4ttiin kyselylomakkeella. Sosioekonomisen aseman yhteytt\u00e4 tietokoneen k\u00e4yt\u00f6ss\u00e4 koettuihin vaikeuksiin ja tietokoneen k\u00e4ytt\u00f6aktiivisuuteen analysoitiin \u03c72 -testill\u00e4, riippumattomien otosten t-testill\u00e4 sek\u00e4 bin\u00e4\u00e4risell\u00e4 logistisella regressioanalyysill\u00e4.\nTutkimuksessa havaittiin, ett\u00e4 ne tutkittavat, jotka olivat korkeammin koulutettuja, olivat ty\u00f6skennelleet korkeammassa ammattiasemassa ja joilla oli korkeammat talouden nettotulot, kokivat tietokoneen k\u00e4yt\u00f6ss\u00e4 v\u00e4hemm\u00e4n vaikeuksia verrattuna heikommassa sosioekonomisessa asemassa oleviin tutkittaviin. Alempina toimihenkil\u00f6n\u00e4 ty\u00f6skennelleet tutkittavat selvisiv\u00e4t tietokoneen k\u00e4yt\u00f6st\u00e4 ilman vaikeuksia 4,2 kertaa, ja ylempin\u00e4 toimihenkil\u00f6in\u00e4 ty\u00f6skennelleet 3,8 kertaa suuremmalla todenn\u00e4k\u00f6isyydell\u00e4 kuin ty\u00f6ntekij\u00f6in\u00e4 ty\u00f6skennelleet, kun aineistoa analysoitiin bin\u00e4\u00e4risell\u00e4 logistisella regressioanalyysilla. Kun malli vakioitiin i\u00e4ll\u00e4, sukupuolella, kognitiivisella toimintakyvyll\u00e4 ja mielialalla, alempien toimihenkil\u00f6iden todenn\u00e4k\u00f6isyys nousi 5-kertaiseksi ja ylempien toimihenkil\u00f6iden todenn\u00e4k\u00f6isyys laski 3,7-kertaiseksi verrattuna ty\u00f6ntekij\u00f6in\u00e4 ty\u00f6skennelleisiin.\nSosioekonomisen aseman muuttujat eiv\u00e4t olleet yhteydess\u00e4 tutkittavien tietokoneen \u00e4\u00e4rell\u00e4 k\u00e4ytettyyn aikaan. Tarkasteltaessa miehi\u00e4 ja naisia, havaittiin, ett\u00e4 korkeammassa ammattiasemassa ty\u00f6skennelleet naiset k\u00e4yttiv\u00e4t enemm\u00e4n aikaa tietokoneen \u00e4\u00e4rell\u00e4, kuin matalammassa ammattiasemassa ty\u00f6skennelleet naiset. Sosioekonomisen aseman muuttujat eiv\u00e4t selitt\u00e4neet tilastollisesti merkitsev\u00e4sti vaihtelua tutkittavien tietokoneen k\u00e4ytt\u00f6aktiivisuudessa, vaikka mallit vakioitiin i\u00e4ll\u00e4, sukupuolella, kognitiivisella toimintakyvyll\u00e4 ja mielialalla, kun aineistoa analysoitiin bin\u00e4\u00e4risell\u00e4 logistisella regressioanalyysilla. \nSosioekonominen asema on yhteydess\u00e4 i\u00e4kk\u00e4iden miesten ja naisten tietokoneen k\u00e4yt\u00f6ss\u00e4 koettuihin vaikeuksiin, muttei niink\u00e4\u00e4n tietokoneen \u00e4\u00e4ress\u00e4 k\u00e4ytettyyn aikaan. K\u00e4ytetyist\u00e4 muuttujista erityisesti aikaisempi p\u00e4\u00e4asiallinen ammatti on yhteydess\u00e4 i\u00e4kk\u00e4iden ihmisten tietokoneen k\u00e4ytt\u00f6\u00f6n. Yhteys voi olla selitett\u00e4viss\u00e4 ty\u00f6nkuvalla, sill\u00e4 aiemmin ty\u00f6ntekij\u00f6in\u00e4 ty\u00f6skennelleet eiv\u00e4t v\u00e4ltt\u00e4m\u00e4tt\u00e4 ole ty\u00f6ss\u00e4\u00e4n k\u00e4ytt\u00e4neet tietokonetta, toisin kuin alempina tai ylempin\u00e4 toimihenkil\u00f6in\u00e4 ty\u00f6skennelleet. Ik\u00e4\u00e4ntyneiden miesten ja naisten tietokoneen k\u00e4yt\u00f6ss\u00e4 on siis eriarvoisuutta sosioekonomisen aseman suhteen, jolloin esimerkiksi s\u00e4hk\u00f6iset palvelut eiv\u00e4t ole tasapuolisesti kaikkien saatavilla. Yhteiskunnan digitalisaation jatkuessa olisi aihetta erityisen t\u00e4rke\u00e4 tutkia lis\u00e4\u00e4 eriarvoisuuden v\u00e4hent\u00e4miseksi.", "language": "fi", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.abstract", "value": "The significance of information technology in everyday life has increased rapidly during the past decades and many public services have become fully or partially digital. Some demographic groups, such as the elderly and those with lower socioeconomic status, use computer and the Internet less than the rest of population. The number of people over 60 years has increased steadily. The aim of this thesis was to analyse potential associations between the socioeconomic status and computer use in elderly men and women.\nThe data used in this thesis were gathered from the PASSWORD-study by Gerontology research centre. The participants (n=314) were randomly selected 70\u201385- year old sedentary men and women from Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4. The variables measuring the socioeconomic status were level of education, years of education, net household income and level of occupation. The computer use was measured by number of difficulties perceived in computer use and the time spent on computer per day. These variables were gathered from a questionnaire. The association between socioeconomic status and computer use was analysed using \u03c72-test, independent samples t-test and binary logistic regression analysis. \nThose participants with higher education, higher occupational status and higher net income experienced less difficulties in computer use compared to those with lower socioeconomic status. When analysed with binary logistic regression, those who had worked in lower white-collar positions used computer 4,2 times more likely without difficulties, and 3,8 times more likely when working in upper white-collar positions, compared to those who had worked in blue-collar positions. When the model was adjusted for age, sex, cognitive functioning and depression rate, the odds raised to 5 times more likely for former lower white-collar workers and decreased to 3,7 times more likely for former upper white-collar workers compared to former blue-collar workers. \nThere was no association between the variables of socioeconomic status and the time spent on computer. A connection was observed between higher occupational status and more time spent on the computer among women participants. When analysed with binary logistic regression, socioeconomic status did not explain the variation of time spent on computer, even when adjusted with age, sex, cognitive functioning and depression rate.\nSocioeconomic status is associated with the amount of experienced difficulties in computer use in elderly men and women, but not associated with the time spent on computer per day. Especially former occupational status was related to the computer use in the elderly. The connection may be explained by the differences in work description, since those in blue-collar positions were less likely to use computer at work in the past occupations compared to those in white-collar positions. It is apparent that there is inequality in computer use differing by socioeconomic status, and this can cause inequality in access to digital services. As the society continues to become more digitalized, it is important to study this topic further in order prevent inequality.", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "abstract", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Submitted by Miia Hakanen (mihakane@jyu.fi) on 2019-08-21T05:34:21Z\nNo. of bitstreams: 0", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.description.provenance", "value": "Made available in DSpace on 2019-08-21T05:34:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0\n Previous issue date: 2019", "language": "en", "element": "description", "qualifier": "provenance", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.extent", "value": "48", "language": "", "element": "format", "qualifier": "extent", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.mimetype", "value": "application/pdf", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "mimetype", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.language.iso", "value": "fin", "language": null, "element": "language", "qualifier": "iso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights", "value": "In Copyright", "language": "en", "element": "rights", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.title", "value": "Sosioekonomisen aseman yhteys tietokoneen k\u00e4ytt\u00f6\u00f6n i\u00e4kk\u00e4ill\u00e4 miehill\u00e4 ja naisilla", "language": "", "element": "title", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type", "value": "master thesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": null, "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.identifier.urn", "value": "URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201908213863", "language": "", "element": "identifier", "qualifier": "urn", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Pro gradu -tutkielma", "language": "fi", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.ontasot", "value": "Master\u2019s thesis", "language": "en", "element": "type", "qualifier": "ontasot", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Liikuntatieteellinen tiedekunta", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.faculty", "value": "Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "faculty", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Liikunta- ja terveystieteet", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.department", "value": "Sport and Health Sciences", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "department", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4n yliopisto", "language": "fi", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.contributor.organization", "value": "University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4", "language": "en", "element": "contributor", "qualifier": "organization", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Gerontologia ja kansanterveys", "language": "fi", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.discipline", "value": "Gerontology and Public Health", "language": "en", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "discipline", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "yvv.contractresearch.funding", "value": "0", "language": "", "element": "contractresearch", "qualifier": "funding", "schema": "yvv"}, {"key": "dc.type.coar", "value": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "coar", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.accesslevel", "value": "openAccess", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "accesslevel", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.publication", "value": "masterThesis", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "publication", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.oppiainekoodi", "value": "50423", "language": "", "element": "subject", "qualifier": "oppiainekoodi", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "sosioekonominen asema", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "tietokoneet", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "ammattiasema", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.subject.yso", "value": "ik\u00e4\u00e4ntyneet", "language": null, "element": "subject", "qualifier": "yso", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.format.content", "value": "fulltext", "language": null, "element": "format", "qualifier": "content", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.rights.url", "value": "https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/", "language": null, "element": "rights", "qualifier": "url", "schema": "dc"}, {"key": "dc.type.okm", "value": "G2", "language": null, "element": "type", "qualifier": "okm", "schema": "dc"}]
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